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1

The place of green spaces in the structure of designing, management and ecological assessment of investments in cities

100%
Szczepanowska H. B.
Człowiek i Środowisko
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2013
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tom 37
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nr 3
The deterioration of the natural environment in the cities and the awareness of multi-faceted benefits from 'green' urban investments led to a new view of the areas covered by vegetation, especially wooded spaces in urban areas. They are now more and more seen as 'one of the main catalysts of urban regeneration, adhesives, which can tie together fragmented elements of modern growth processes into strong structures that can act as stimulators of investments, which in turn will encourage to internal development' (Simson, 2005). This assessment is the result of joint findings of scientists from 21 European countries and was made after analysing many examples of urban development in different countries and successful innovative urban investments in which green areas were the priority issues stimulating the growth. It was stated that the implementation of investments in this light can serve as an inspiration to revive the activity and free social initiatives, particularly in the areas of economic stagnation. New understanding of the role of the natural environment is a challenge for landscape architects and specialists in all related professions (arborists, gardeners, foresters, etc.) and for spatial planners to prepare relevant information materials aimed at both professionals and citizens. It is also necessary to develop appropriate legal instruments and organisational and technical tools in the form of guidebooks and standards based on new knowledge for the creation of conditions for the implementation of a new method of shaping the cities according to the vision of the 21st century in practice. These are urgent actions requiring consolidation of the whole professional environment and close cooperation with authorities and the local community. This is extremely important because, despite the more broadly understood importance of green spaces in the spatial structure of cities, economic categories enclosed within the narrow limits of profits and losses are still predominate in today's thinking of decision-makers. This means that the budget funds for the development and maintenance of green areas are cut in the first place, treated not as a value, but only as a burden and a field generating expenses from a limited pool of municipal budgets. In the face of this situation the Institute of Spatial Management and Housing (IGPiM) have undertaken a number of studies in order to identify the factors stimulating and limiting the development of urban green areas by using the SWOT analysis (Sitarski et al., 2011). Multi-disciplinary studies on the impacts of green areas on the condition of the urban environment, including the local climate and the change of elements of this environment in areas of strong pressure of communication nuisance, were also conducted (Szczepanowska (ed.) et al., 1984). A method was developed for determining the value of trees on the background of vast studies of the methodology of valuating urban wooded areas in many European and non-European countries. Materials for improving the investment activity, including the protection and development of the natural environment, in line with the New Charter of Athens are also being prepared. This paper aims at implementing the priorities set out here for practical use. These issues will be presented in the second part of the article discussing the problems of the new presentation of green areas in the spatial structure of urban areas.
2

Phytoplankton communities in ecological assessment of the Southern Bug River upper reaches (Ukraine)

100%
Bilous E., Barinova S., Klochenko P.
International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology
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2012
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tom 12
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nr 3
3

Application of adapted Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity (B-IBI) for river ecosystem health assessment in Zhanghe River Watershed, China

100%
Cui W.-Y., Guo S.-Y., Meng X.-Z., Kong F.-Q.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2018
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tom 66
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nr 4
In order to evaluate the ecological health condition of Zhanghe River Watershed, an adapted Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity (B-IBI) was developed. Macro-invertebrates were sampled at 12 monitoring stations which were grouped into two condition categories (reference and impaired stations) according to the level of degradation. A total of 47 benthic macroinvertebrates taxa were identified, in which aquatic insects 33 taxa, Mollusca 8, Annalida 3 and Crustacea 3 taxa. Based on macro-invertebrate assemblages characters of this area, 18 candidate biological metrics in four categories, including taxonomic richness, community composition, pollution tolerance, trophic guild, and value distribution, were chosen. In which, four metrics were excluded because of low values or narrow distribution range. Discriminatory power between reference and impaired stations was analysed using box-plots, and six metrics were excluded because the medians of the box-plot inside the inter quartile range. Of all the rest eight metrics, four were not suitable for B-IBI index system because of their high Pearson correlation (| r | 0.75). Finally, total taxa, percentage of Crustacea and Mollusca, percentage of tolerant taxa and percentage of predators were screened out to form a B-IBI index system. Ratio scoring method for B-IBI index was used to get a uniform score. Evaluation criterion was established based on the 25 percentiles value of reference stations. Assessment results using B-IBI showed 5 of sampling stations were in ‘healthy’ and ‘sub-healthy’ state, 3 were in ‘fair’ state, and 4 were in ‘poor’ or ‘very poor’ state of the whole watershed.
4
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Ecological assessment of heavy metals in the grey mangrove (Avicennia marina) and associated sediments along the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia

100%
Alzahrani D. A., Selim E.-M. M., El-Sherbiny M. M.
Oceanologia
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2018
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tom 60
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nr 4
5
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Environmental characteristics by eco-sanitary and toxic criteria of the cooling pond of Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant (Ukraine)

100%
Fedonenko O., Ananieva T., Sharamok T., Marenkov O.
International Letters of Natural Sciences
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2018
|
tom 70
It has been investigated the ecological status of the cooling pond of Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) on the hydrochemical and toxicological indicators. The ecological water quality by most hydrochemical and hydrophysical indices corresponds to the class II, category 3, and is characterized as "fairly clean". However, according to the BOD5 index, the water quality is "satisfactory" (class III, category 4). By the contents of both nitrogen of nitrates and phosphorus of phosphates the water quality belongs to the class IV, category 6, as "bad, dirty water". The main anthropogenic pollutants are copper, iron, zinc, and fluorides. The ecological characteristics by their concentrations in the water correspond to the class III, and categories 4–5 of quality, which are "poorly and moderately polluted" water. Accumulation of toxic metals in the surface layer of the reservoir bottom sediments depends on their types, the minimal content is found in sandy sediments, and maximal one is in muddy sediments. The possibility of significant secondary pollution of the water environment by toxic metals is small under the hydrophysical and hydrochemical conditions typical for the cooling pond of Zaporizhzhya NPP. According to the calculations, the value of the average chemical index of ecological quality is "2.5", which characterizes the water of the Zaporizhzhya NPP cooling pond as "good" and "clean".
6

Jakosc ekologiczna wprowadzanych na rynek opakowan

80%
Ucherek M.
Problemy Jakości
|
2004
|
tom 36
|
nr 02
26-31
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