In horizons of brown soils - arable and forest, developed from loess - basic characteristics were determined and the mineral content of fractions <2μm. Mobility of fractions <2μm was found when determining the coagulation factor - K, stabilisation factor - St, and mobility factor - R. In model experiments the influence of CaCO₃ on the behaviour of soil colloids at humus level was defined. When calculating the relationship between the amount of colloids isolated in three centrifugations by water and the amount of colloids isolated by 0.2 % solution of Li₂CO₃, the eluviation factor of the fraction <2 μm was determined. It was established that in arable soil the eluviation factor of the fraction <2 μm is the highest at horizon A, whereas in forest brown soil the factor achieves its highest value at the browning horizon. The addition of calcium carbonate to forest brown soil lowered the value of the eluviation factor to a considerable extent. The coagulation, stabilisation and mobility factors changed distinctly. Almost a linear relationship exists between the reaction of soil and the value of eluviation factor. The factor calculated from fraction <2 μm allows determining at which pH values of soil solution the mobilization and leaching of soil colloids begins. It seems that such research will enable us to learn mechanisms of soil degradation under the influence of acidification, and define the methods of prevention.
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