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The work presented here demonstrates the utility of Caco-2 cells to detect enteroviruses in sewage. Viruses were concentrated by beef extract elution and organic flocculation prior to analysis by cell culture assays and RT-PCR. Enteroviruses were detected in all sewage samples, but only one sample was positive solely in RT-PCR assay. We proved that Caco-2 cells were more effective than RD and L20B cells in enterovirus isolation, depending on procedures used in the inoculation process.
Antibacterial peptides are researched mainly for the potential benefit they have in a variety of socially relevant diseases, used by the host to protect itself from different types of pathogenic bacteria. We used the mathematical-computational method known as Hidden Markov models (HMMs) in targeting a subset of antibacterial peptides named Selective Cationic Amphipatic Antibacterial Peptides (SCAAPs). The main difference in the implementation of HMMs was focused on the detection of SCAAP using principally five physical-chemical properties for each candidate SCAAPs, instead of using the statistical information about the amino acids which form a peptide. By this method a cluster of antibacterial peptides was detected and as a result the following were found: 9 SCAAPs, 6 synthetic antibacterial peptides that belong to a subregion of Cecropin A and Magainin 2, and 19 peptides from the Cecropin A family. A scoring function was developed using HMMs as its core, uniquely employing information accessible from the databases.
Through a CAMP test, we first observed a Staphylococcus delphini strain (ATCC 49172) to release (β-haemolysin. Production of the latter in this coagulase-positive species of the 'Staphylococcus intermedius Group', in fact, has been labeled to be undetermined, thus far. Of course, a wider number of strains have to be investigated in order to define whether this property is constitutive (like in Staphylococcus (pseud)intermedius), or strain-dependent (like in Staphylococcus aureus), and which clinical impact it has; nevertheless, we can state that S. delphini ATCC 49172 indeed produces this toxin.
 Antimicrobial peptides occupy a prominent place in the production of pharmaceuticals, because of their effective contribution to the protection of the immune system against almost all types of pathogens. These peptides are thoroughly studied by computational methods designed to shed light on their main functions. In this paper, we propose a computational approach, named the Polarity Profile method that represents an improvement to the former Polarity Index method. The Polarity Profile method is very effective in detecting the subgroup of antibacterial peptides called selective cationic amphipathic antibacterial peptides (SCAAP) that show high toxicity towards bacterial membranes and exhibit almost zero toxicity towards mammalian cells. Our study was restricted to the peptides listed in the antimicrobial peptides database (APD2) of December 19, 2012. Performance of the Polarity Profile method is demonstrated through a comparison to the former Polarity Index method by using the same sets of peptides. The efficiency of the Polarity Profile method exceeds 85% taking into account the false positive and/or false negative peptides.
A protein which binds specifically to MspI8 (a 454 bp long repeated sequence highly homologous to the 5’ untranslated region (5'UTR) of the LINE 1 sequence) was found and identified in nuclear extracts of rat liver cells. This protein was detected using the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and was purified by Q-Sepharose and DNA affinity chromatography. Its molecular mass was estimated by SDS electrophoresis as 29 kDa. The possibility that this protein (p29) is the rat analogue of human L1PBP-A, specific for the human LINE sequence LPE1, is discussed.
Background. The strongest immunogen of the Rh system is the D antigen. It is found in several variants and categories, which makes it difficult to determine the correct RhD (Rh+) or RhD negative (Rh-) phenotype. Although only some of the varieties and types of this antigen are of clinical significance, it is important to determine the normal Rh phenotype in recipients and donors. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of weak D antigen in a population of potential recipients. Material and methods. The study group consisted of selected blood recipients in whom weak expression of the D antigen or its antibody was detected. In order to estimate the expression of antigen D, the blood was analyzed in the laboratory of the Regional Center of Blood Donation and Blood Treatment in Lublin. Blood from 220 potential recipients (149 women and 71 men) were used in the conducted research. The clinical material from the Laboratory of Transfusion Serology at the Provincial Specialist Hospital in Biała Podlaska was also used. Results. The presence of a weak D was confirmed in 21 recipients. 4 cases of weak D were confirmed among recipients of blood transplant, while 17 cases among those who did not have blood transfusions. There were significant differences in the occurrence of the weak D in relation to the transfusion in both women (χ² = 18.34 df = 2, p = 0.0001) and men (χ² = 17.25) . Conclusions. The correct determination of the RhD+ or RhD- phenotype is important for pregnant women who should be subjected to immunoprophylaxis of maternal-fetal conflict when a weak D is detected. In order to avoid post-transfusion complications among recipients, it is necessary to choose serologically and phenotypically crossed-matched blood components.
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