Ograniczanie wyników

Czasopisma help
Autorzy help
Lata help
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 52

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 3 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  denitrification
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 3 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
In this paper we present the results of studies on the influence of an initial substrate concentration (NO3-, sodium lactate) on the kinetics of denitrification. We have found that the optimum rates of the process are obtained at 37°C for the nutrient medium containing sodium lactate at a concentration of 2.52 g/dm3, and nitrate nitrogen 1,4 g/dm3.
This paper reports the results of kinetic studies of biodenitrication in which Bacillus licheniformis bacteria are involved, in a medium including either sodium glutamate or aspartic acid as the sole source of carbon. The determined kinetic parameters of the process proved that sodium glutamate is a more effective source of carbon in the process of nitrate reduction, but it is less preferred by bacteria in the process of nitrite reduction.
In this paper we present the results of the study on the effect of n-decane, n-pentane, diesel oil and petrol on the denitrifieation process occuring in the presence of Bacillus licheniformis bacteria. We found that only diesel oil and n-decane could be degraded during denitrifieation catalyzed by bacteria, while petrol and n-pentane inhibited the process.
In this paper the effect of Mo6+, W6+, and Cu2+ ions on kinetics of denitrification and growth of Bacillus licheniformis is presented. The absence lack of Mo6+ and Cu2+ in the growth medium appeared to have no effect on the kinetics of the process. This fact suggests that these ions are not a part of the active centers of denitrification enzymes. Additionaly tungsten (VI) which is competitive to molybdenum (VI) does not inhibit denitrification in concentrations up to 0.1 g/dm3. Molibdenum (VI) starts to inhibit denitrification from 5.0 g/dm3 and copper (II) starting from 0.03 g/dm3.
The effect of concentration of N,N-Bis(3-aminepropyl)dodecylamine (APDA) used in disinfectants (Lonzabac) on the kinetics of denitrification and desulfurication processes proceeding with the use of Bacillus licheniformis and Desulfotomaculum ruminis bacteria, was studied. The kinetic equation for denitrification in a medium containing the microbiocide tested was derived, the parameters of the process were calculated and the toxicity limits of APDA were established. The latter are of importance when considering means for environment protection against APDA effect on the nitrogen and sulphur cycles.
The efficiency of organics and nitrogen removal from municipal landfill leachate in activated sludge operated as single and two-stage SBR were investigated. Leachate from mature landfills are characterized by high N/COD ratio (> 0.5). In single activated sludge system at the hydraulic retention time (HRT) 3d and at methanol dosage 8 mg COD/mg NNO3 complete ammonium nitrogen removal was obtained. Ammonium concentration in the effluent was 0.15 mg NNH4/dm3 and nitrate - 23.5 mg NNO3/dm3 . At the hydraulic retention time 2d, nitrate nitrogen concentration in the effluent decreased to 2.79 mg NNO3/dm3. The concentration of ammonium nitrogen was 0.35 mg NNH4/dm3. However, a sporadically high concentration of ammonium appears. In a two-stage SBR system, HRT 2d was sufficient to achieve complete nitrification. In the effluent ammonium and nitrate concentrations were 0.08 mgNNH4/dm3 and 320 mgNNO3/dm3, respectively. In the anoxic reactor at HRT 1d and methanol dosage 3.6 mg COD/mg NNO3 complete denitrification was obtained. Raw leachate contained specific hazardous organics, among others BTEX (175.8 µg/dm3), chloroorganics (55.7 µg/dm3), chlorobenzenes (0.75 µg/dm3) and PAHs (1.97 µg/dm3). In the effluent from single and two-stage SBR systems chloroorganics and chlorobenzenes were not detected. BTEX and PAH concentrations in the effluent from two-stage system were adequately 2-fold and 2.1-fold lower in comparison to a single one. Besides, the effluent from two-stage SBR systems did not contain benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene.
The influence of ammonia ions and oxygen on the kinetics of denitrification and culture growth of Bacillus licheniformis bacteria is reviewed. It was determined that these microorganisms can utilize both 02 and NO -3 as electron acceptors. They are also able to assimilate NH4+ and NO 3-, and it is conceivable that they also assimilate nitrogen and catalyze nitrification reactions.
The aim of this study was to investigate efficiency of ammonium nitrogen removal from municipal landfill leachate in activated sludge in two-stage SBR reactors. Treated leachate contains low concentrations of organic substances measured as chemical oxygen demand (COD) - 757 mg O2/dm3 and high concentrations of ammonium - 362 mgNNH4/dm3. Nitrification was studied in two parallel, aerated SBR reactors with two different hydraulic retention times (HRT), 3 and 2 days, respectively. We have found that 2 days HRT was sufficient to achieve complete nitrification. In the effluent ammonium, nitrite and nitrate nitrogen concentrations were 0.08 mgN NH4/dm3, 0.04 mgN NO2/dm3 and 320 mgN NO3 /dm3, respectively. The ammonium nitrogen removal rate was 20.2 mgN NH4 /dm3.h. The effluent from aerobic reactors (HRT 2 days) was fed to the anoxic SBR reactors. An external carbon source (methanol) was added to promote denitrification. In the anoxic reactor, at a methanol dosage 3.6 mg COD/mg N NO3 and HRT of 1 day complete denitrification was achieve with nitrate nitrogen residual concentrations of 0.9 mgNNO3/dm3. The maximum denitrification rate was 48.4 mgN NOx/dm3.h. The highest values of the yield methanol coefficient Y m/N-NOx were determined for dosages 3.6 mg COD/mg NNO3 and 5.4 mg COD/mg NNO3, the lowest for 1.8 mg COD/mg NNO3.
The results of experimental and mathematical modelling of simultaneous carbonization, nitrification and denitriiication processes in an industrial wastewater treatment plant are presented. Simplified dynamic mathematical models based on organic and nitrogen substrates, autotrophic and heterotrophic biomass material balances for complete-mixing and tank-in-series hydraulic regimes and Monod-type kinetics were developed. These models were verified by using experimental data obtained in laboratory tank-in-seres equipment with high internal recirculation flow as well as by application of the real Carriousel plant data. The influence of unsteady-state conditions on selected process kinetic parameters was also studied in this work. The process dynamic behaviour in the lab-scale tank-in-series equipment was modelled by step shock loading of the substrate concentration.
The actual denitrification to N 2 O and denitri- fication capacity to N 2 O after flooding of different soil samples stored for over 25 years in air-dry conditions and fresh, air dried samples were compared in our study. Zero N 2 O release was ob- served from the stored soils but the fresh soil samples had very low actual denitrification to N 2 O. NO 3 - addition significantly increased the amount of N 2 O (denitrification capacity to N 2 O) released after flooding, which depended on the length of storage and type of soils and was much higher in stored soils. Prolonged exposure of the soils to drought conditions caused a greater decrease in the Eh value compared with the fresh soil. The total cumulative release of N 2 O from the stored and fresh soils was correlated with the reduced NO 3 - and organic C content in soils enriched with NO 3 - . Some soils showed the capability of N 2 O consumption. CO 2 release depended on the length of storage and type of soils under flooding after pro- longed drought. On average, CO 2 release was higher from the stored rather than fresh soils. The organic C content in the stored soils was generally lower than in the fresh soils, probably due to the storage effect. The cumulative CO 2 release from the stored soils was well correlated with the organic C while no correlation was observed for the fresh soil samples.
The paper presents results of two year field and laboratory investigations of a denitrifying system below leach lines. More than two days retention time was provided by siphoning of the denitrifying trough located 35 and 60 cm under the leach lines. Due to clogging and capillary suction in medium sand the seepage flow through the denitrifying troughs was limited to less than 10 % of the sewage inflow. Average efficiency of the total nitrogen removal was equal to 55 % after 3-4 days of travel time within the soil. To force wastewater to pass through the anaerobic bed within the trough two lateral vertical impermeable membranes are recommended.
Two porous ceramic carriers (internal active surface 0.04 m2 for carrier I and 0.2 m2 for carrier II) with immobilized activated sludge were the stationary filling of the reactors. Municipal wastewater was treated at hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 70 to 15 min. The efficiency of organic compounds removal from wastewater changed for reactor I from 85.2 to 93.8%, for reactor II from 62.9 to 87.1%. The contribution of oxidation, biomass synthesis, denitrification and intracellular storage in organic compounds removal depended on the type of carrier and on hydraulic retention time (HRT). Over 20% of organic loading in influent to reactors I and II was used for cellular oxidation. Only for reactor I at HRT 30 and 15 min higher participation of nitrate respiration than oxygen was one observed. From 6.1 to 14.5% of loading in influent was removed as a result of sludge yield. For reactor I the high contribution of intracellular storage in organic compounds removal from wastewater was observed.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 3 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.