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Background: The aim of this research is to evaluate analgesic effectiveness of infrared radiation and interference currents in degenerative diseases of joints. On the grounds of current practical and theoretical experience, the following hypothesis was formed: Application of interference currents and infrared radiation constitutes effective analgesic therapy in degenerative diseases, and in the case of the applied treatment, its effectiveness is long-term. Material/Methods: Tests were conducted on a group consisting of 32 women and men in the age range of 65-87 years of age suffering from a degenerative disease of the knee joint. The patients were applied a series of 10 treatments with application of the Sollux lamp for 15 minutes and interference currents of 50-100 HZ frequency for 5 minutes and 90- 100 Hz for 10 minutes during treatment. Evaluation of the efficiency of therapy was checked by means of the VAS scale and the Laitinen scale. Results: The results indicate an efficient analgesic effect according to the VAS scale immediately after treatment p = 0.002 and a month after treatment p = 0.000 as well as according to the Laitinen scale immediately after treatment p = 0.004 and a month after treatment p = 0.004. Conclusions: Application of infrared radiation and interference currents indicates an analgesic effect. These treatments may be alternative or supportive to pharmacological treatment in the case of degenerative changes in people who are over 65 years of age. Results of the research suggest continuation of further research on the effectiveness of the above-mentioned therapy and the length of preserving analgesic results in people with degenerative diseases of joints.
The experiment was performed on 36 Wistar rats. On the first day of the experiment iodoacetate was administered to the left posterior knee joint of the 18 rats which composed Group I. The second group of 18 rats received additionally doxycycline (doxy) through the gastric tube in doses comparable with those of doxycycline used in humans. The experiment lasted 21 days. The animals were sacrificed after 7, 14 and 21 days in groups of 6 rats each. In sections stained with Safranin 0 semiquantitative histochemical intensity tests were performed on articular cartilage glycosaminoglycans (GAG) using a four-point scale (0–3). In the first group examined destructive lesions in the articular cartilage and weak reactivity on GAG were noted at all stages of the experiment. The intensity of GAG staining was higher in the second group after 14 and especially after 21 days, which may suggest a protective action of doxy on articular cartilage.
The aim of this paper is to present the results of comparative evaluation of the usefulness of PCR and microscopic methods in the detection of processed animal protein in feedingstuffs. Out of 127 samples of feedingstuffs examined by microscopic method 82 (64.57%) were found to be positive. In comparing the results obtained by microscopic examination and PCR technique, it was found that both methods agreed in 67.7% giving 44 positive and 42 negative results. The rest results (32.3%) were not coincident. In the validation study, the limit of the detection for PCR was determined on 0.2% for beef and pork meat and bone meal (MBM) and 0.1% for poultry MBM. Analysing results received with the help of the microscopic method and PCR technique it is possible to state that the molecular biology methods can at present, be used as a supplementary method.
The inactivation and sublethal injury of two strains of Listeria innocua (one collection strain and one wild strain isolated from beetroot juice) suspended in beetroot juice and in model solutions, after high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) were investigated. Changes within the population assessed by plating count methods of both L. innocua strains suspended in a buffer pH 4.0 were more noticeable than in the natural beetroot juice environment. In beetroot juice the lethal effect was reported after 1 min of pressure treatment at 400 MPa for the collection strain. In the case of the wild type strain, exposure to the maximal parameters of the compression process (400 MPa, 10 min) decreased the population number below 1 log (CFU/mL) but did not cause complete injury. The collection strain of L. innocua was easier to inactivate in beetroot juice than the strain isolated from this environment. The maximum level of sublethal injury was observed when the cells were suspended in a buffer pH 7.0. Structural damage in cell membranes after HHP processing was observed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common degenerative diseases of the extrapyramidal system, the frequency of which increases with age. It is now believed that the causes of PD are environmental and genetic factors. Important genetic factors resulting in PD are mutations in the PARK2 gene, which may affect the level of Parkin. The aim of the study was conducted on 234 individuals of the Polish population: 89 patients diagnosed with PD, 32 patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s syndrome and 113 individuals from the control group without neurological symptoms and characteristics of dementia. As a result of the methods of analysis demonstrated the following: G930C mutation of exon 8 in the PARK2 gene, which was analysed by performing PCR-RFLP. Detection of deletion of exon 2 using PCR. Whereas the evaluation of mutations within exon 11 in PARK2 gene was performed using HRM method and sequencing. Also performed to measure the concentration of Parkin’s plasma in blood using ELISA method. The study results no presence of the deletion of exon 2 in the PARK2 gene in any individual study. At the same time, it was almost 3-times higher frequency of G930C mutation in exon 8 PARK2 in patients with PD and almost 6-times higher incidence of mutation G1281 A in exon 11 of PARK2 in PD patients compared with controls. At the same time, in the present study demonstrated that the presence of mutations in 8 and 11 exon of PARK2 gene does not appear to be associated with the generate of Parkin’s plasma concentration. Genotype-fenotype study in the PARK2 gene can constitute intravital diagnostic tests in patients with PD, as well as in patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s syndrome in the course of a degenerative disease.
The monitoring of pig osteochondrosis (OC) in Lithuania began in 2001. 1,596 pigs (791 gilts and 805 castrates) of various breeds and with an average weight of 95 kg were tested. Housing and feeding conditions were the same for all pigs. The pigs were selected at a control fattening station, slaughtered, and OC was measured according to the methods applied in Sweden by the cut surface of distal femur and humerus. The severity of this disease was scored in elbow and knee joints on a 0-5 point scale. The occurrence of OC among all the tested pigs of various genotypes made up 47.4%. The study indicated that castrated males were more inclined to this disease than gilts (50.4% vs. 44.4%). The investigation data indicated that OC should be controlled in the course of selecting pigs raised in breeding centers of Lithuania. Significant differences were not found (P>0.1- 0.5) when analyzing the influence of OC on the fattening performance of Lithuanian White (purebred, bacon and meat types), Swedish Yorkshire and German Landrace pigs, However, the dependence of this defect on muscularity and other carcass traits of pigs was indicated. Lean meat percentage, lean loin area and ham weight of pigs having OC lesions of leg joints were all higher than that of pigs not having this defect, when backfat thickness was lower.
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