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Control of postharvest decay of apple fruit with Trichoderma virens isolates and induction of defense responses

100%

Bordbar F. T., Etebarian H. R., Sahebani N., Rohani H.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

2010

tom 50

nr 2

146-152

The biocontrol activity of two isolates of Trichoderma virens against blue mould of apple fruits caused by Penicillium expansum and their ability to induce biochemical defense responses in apple tissue were investigated. Apple fruit (Malus domestica) wounds were inoculated with 20μl antagonist suspension (107 conidia/ml) of T. virens and 4 h later with 20 μl of conidial suspension of P. expansum (105 conidia/ml). The apples were then incubated at 20°C for 8 days. Lesion diameters were measured 4 and 8 days after inoculation with the pathogen. Two isolates of T. virens were effective in controlling decay of apple fruits caused by P. expansum. Six days after treatment peroxidase activity increased by more than three-fold in apple treated fruit in combination of antagonist and pathogen, in comparison with in wounded, non-inoculated control tissue. Catalase (CAT) activity increased in inoculated fruits in combination of T. virens and P. expansum in comparison with healthy control at all days and maximum activity level was noted at 6 days after inoculation. The results indicated that T6 and T8 isolates of T. virens caused the increase in β-1,3-glucanase activity that reached maximum levels 4 and 6 days after inoculation with pathogen, respectively. The increase in β-1,3-glucanase activity was triggered by wounding although the level of increase was markedly lower than detected in treated fruits. Phenolic compounds accumulation showed the highest levels 2-4 days after inoculation and then decreased. The ability of T. virens to increase the activity of peroxidase, catalase, β-1,3-glucanase and levels of phenolic compounds may be one of mechanisms responsible for its biocontrol activity.

Study on the potential use of essential oils for decay control and quality preservation of Tabarzeh table grape

100%

Abdolahi A., Hassani A., Ghosta Y., Bernousi I., Meshkatalsadat M. H.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

2010

tom 50

nr 1

45-52

Borytis cinerea is responsible for the most postharvest losses of table grape. In the current research, the effect of essential oils extracted from sweet basil, fennel, summer savory and thyme plants were investigated both on mycelial growth of B. cinerea under in vitro condition and on fungal decay and quality sensors of table grape [Vitis vinifera (L.) cv. Tabarzeh] under in vivo conditions. Results showed that essential oils especially thyme, fennel and summer savory oils had a high inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of B. cinerea. Under in vivo assays, thyme and summer savory oils were able to reduce fungal decay sensory on table grape after 60 days of storage. In addition, essential oils had significant efficacy on quality parameters of fruit reducing a weight loss, berry shrinkage and berry and rachis browning. Also essential oil treatment increased the maturity index levels in treated fruits in comparison with controls. GC/MS analysis showed that linalool (65.25%), trans-anethole (64.72%), carvacrol (54.14%) and β-ocimene (12.62%) were the main compounds identified in sweet basil, fennel, summer savory and thyme oils, respectively. Results obtained from presented study showed that essential oils especially these one containing more phenolic compounds had a great antifungal activity and could be used as a benefit and safe tool for preservation of table grape.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Journal of Plant Protection Research

1 Abdolahi A.

1 Bernousi I.

1 Bordbar F. T.

1 Etebarian H. R.

1 Ghosta Y.

1 Hassani A.

1 Meshkatalsadat M. H.

1 Rohani H.

1 Sahebani N.

2 2010

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Control of postharvest decay of apple fruit with Trichoderma virens isolates and induction of defense responses

Study on the potential use of essential oils for decay control and quality preservation of Tabarzeh table grape