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Food preference and assessed food frequency were investigated for vegetables and fruits among 50 girls and 50 boys from elementary schools. The degree of liking was estimated with the 5-point hedonic scale, and assessed food frequency with the 3-point frequency scale. The mostly preferred and consumed vegetables included carrots, cucumbers, radishes and tomatoes. Significant correlation was found between degree of liking and eating frequency of vegetables. Among fruit strawberries, tangerines, oranges and blueberries were mostly desired, and apples, tangerines, bananas and oranges mainly consumed. No significant correlation between preference and consumption of fruit was noticed. No effects of gender on neither preference nor food frequency of analysed items were observed. No difference between preference rankings of schoolchildren and university students was observed for both vegetables and fruit.
Наблюдения касались трудоемкости задавания кормов при разной частоте кормления и проводились в пяти сериях в стадах овцематок насчитывающих от 177 до 591 голов, в традиционной овчарне. В рамках данной серии в одном и том же стаде проводились 3-4-дневные наблюдения следующих вариантов задавания корма: 1-2 раза в день, II - раз в день, III - 6 раз в неделю (от понедельника до пятницы 110% суточного рациона, а в субботу 150%), IV - каждый второй день (200% суточного рациона). Наблюдения проводились по методу „фотографии дня работы" и охватывали следующие действия: выгон и вгон овец в овчарню, очистка кормушек, задавание кормов отдельно грубых сочных, грубых сухих и концентратных, а также поение. Общие затраты рабочей силы были на 24,8, 32,7 и 51,2% ниже в вариантах II, III и IV , а время работы трактора соответственно на 31,4, 33,0 и 51,2% короче в сравнении с контрольным вариантом I.
The objective of the study was to establish the effect of different meal frequency ( 3 vs. 6 meals a day) similar in energy and macronutrient content on selected anthropometric and biochemical indices in young men of moderate physical activity in a cross-over experiment lasting 4 + 4 weeks. The subjects were divided in two equal groups, 11 men in each. The following measurements were taken: body height, body weight, skinfolds thickness, total-, HDL-, and LDL-cholesterol, glucose and insulin. The eating frequency had only slight effects on the examined indices. More frequent meals resulted in a significant fall in blood glucose and a trend towards improvement of the measures of fat metabolism and insulin. On the other hand, some of the biochemical indices changed over time. The experimental diet, which had lower content of fat and higher proportion of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids than the pre-experimental diet probably had the greatest effect on the results.
The frequency of intake of selected plant and animal fats was studied among female students of the Medical Academy — Jagellonian University from 1988 to 1995. The information was obtained by the nutrition record method. Based on 452 questionnaires, the intake frequency (in week and month periods) was analyzed. The highest variations in the intake frequency were found in the group of plant oils. The observed changes towards a higher frequency of plant fat intakes are considered advantageous.
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