The change of biological activity of amphiphilic biocides following the change of their hydrophobic parts (the cut-off effect) is discussed. The mechanism of the interaction (between such amphiphiles and model and biological membranes is proposed that explains the cut-off phenomenon. It is proposed, on the basis of experimental studies and theoretical calculations, that the diminished biological activity of amphiphilic compounds upon elongation of thier hydrophobic part can be the result of the appearance of interdigitated structures in the lipid bilayers. On the other hand, weak hydrophobic interactions between amphiphilic compounds of short hydrophobic chins and lipid molecules of model membranes are responsible for the poor biological activity of these compounds.
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