Beta genus belonging to Chenopodiaceae family consists of four very morphologically and genetically differentiated sections: Beta, Corollinae, Procumbentes and Nanae. Wild Beta species are important as a source of genes resistant to diseases, pests and abiotic factors. The paper presents collecting, documenting, evaluating and preserving genetic resources of the Beta genus. At present, in the gene bank of the National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources at Radzików there are 530 accessions: 112 sugar beet, 386 fodder beet and 32 accessions of wild beet. Accessions have been obtained from national breeding institutions mainly and in the way of exchange among beet collections and foreign research laboratories. The material received from international expeditions (local populations) is also of great interest. The collection is being increased by 10-30 accessions every year. All collected materials were evaluated and statistical data analyzed and documented according to the international standards for Beta genus. Utilization of the collection materials is determined by the main trends in breeding and research. In the last years some of the accessions were evaluated for two economically important beet diseases: Aphanomyces cochlioides DRECHSLER and Cercospora beticola Sacc. At present, an attempt is made to select some accessions tolerant to drought stress. Also fast progress in tissue culture technique and genetic engineering gave a new chance for germplasm utilization. On the basis of collected materials five fodder beet cultivars were obtained (Magdalena, Juta, Jarko, Jaspis and Jawor, cvs).
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