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The authors investigated the mycoflora developing on the carapace, muscles, brain and eggs of four species of crayfish. At total of 70 aquatic fungi was noted. Three species are new records for Poland. The highest number of fungus species develop on all body parts of crayfish in September, the lowest number in April.
Aphanomyces astaci is a fungus-like oomycete agent responsible for an illness called crayfish plague, reaching 100% mortality in infected animals. Therefore, the aim of the work was to detect and estimate the rate of infection of spiny-cheek crayfish (Orconectes limosus) by A. astaci in selected water reservoirs of north-western Poland, as this crayfish is described as a main cause of crayfish plague. The material for the study were 54 spinycheek crayfish individuals from 3 sites in Poland: Trzebiocha River, Lake Sominko and Lake Dąbie. A total of 162 samples (muscle samples were taken from abdomen, legs and carapace) were taken and used for DNA extraction followed by PCR and bidirectional sequencing of 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene. The electrophoretic separation of the PCR products confirmed the presence of A. astaci in 17 samples (Trzebiocha River and Lake Dąbie). Lake Sominko proved to be a zone free of the investigated pathogen. The collected information on the presence or absence of A. astaci in the investigated reservoirs might be used for restocking purposes.
Considering high nutritive value and sensory qualities, the products manufactured of marine invertebrates are a desirable component of human diet. These products enjoy an increasing demand in Poland. However, considerable accumulation of chlorine- organic pollutants in the tissues of marine animals may pose a threat for consumers. The study included determination of the content of PCB congeners (28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180 according to IUPAC) in tinned and pickled seafood products purchased in Szczecin’s fishshops. In all examined products the analysed congeners were found, only in “Octopus in vegetable oil” PCB 138 was not detected. The highest content, 13.8 μg-kg_l m.m. (99.237 μg-kg’1 lipids), was recorded for PCB congener 153 in “Squid in American sauce”. The lowest residue levels were found for PCB 101 (0.002 to 0.07 μg-kg'1 m.m.). The highest percentage (from among analysed congeners) in majority of examined products was found for PCB 153 (to 95% in “Octopus in vegetable oil”) and PCB 180 (to 58% in “Pickled mussels”). The lowest percentage was stated for PCB congeners 101 (to 2.2% in “Shrimps natural”) and 52 (to 9.9% in “Greenland shrimps in brine”).
The North American spiny-cheek crayfish, Orconectes limosus (Cambaridae), endangered in its native range, is a widespread invasive species in European waters and conservationally important carrier of crayfish plague. However, its population structure is poorly known, and no informative genetic markers for the species are available. We tested cross-species transfer of microsatellite loci to spiny-cheek crayfish from 5 other crayfish species. Variability of 10 successfully amplifying loci derived from 4 species was then tested in 60 individuals of O. limosus originating from 3 natural populations: the river Danube at Bogyiszló in Hungary, a pond in Starý Klíčov, and the brook Černovický, both in the Czech Republic. The allele number within the populations ranged from 4 to 10 alleles per locus, while heterozygosity levels varied from 0.650 to 0.900 for Ho and from 0.660 to 0.890 for He. No linkage disequilibrium and no null alleles were detected. The selected markers are useful for assessing population structure, intraspecific variation, and paternity studies in spiny-cheek crayfish.
The results of studies on the effects of low molecular weight acidic solution peptides on the growth and development of the marbled crayfish artificial cultivation.An increasing weights of juvenile freshwater crayfish under the influence of dietary supplement "Albuvir" drug. With the use of histological methods of research, found the impact of 0.01 % solution of the drug on the state of the marbled crayfish lobules of hepatopancreas and fat cells. Developed a method for growing juvenile freshwater crayfish with "Albuvir", which allows to increase the weight gain of crustaceans on 24.3–27.2 % and reduce the level of cannibalism at 20 %.
The aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of a population of signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana) which were introduced into the lake eleven years ago. In 1992, 1,100 one-year-old signal crayfish specimens were released into the lake. The lake has a surface area of 57.6 ha, an average depth of 5.9m and a maximum depth of 15.4m and is currently in a moderately advanced trophic state. The lake was inhabited by numerous populations of the noble crayfish Astacus astacus (L.) until 1988 when they were poisoned. The catch rate statistics of crayfish fishermen have indicated that the growth in the signal crayfish populations has been progressive since 1996. In 1998, the sixth year they inhabited the lake, the size of the catch population, which occurred in that and in following years, was formed. Specimens measuring from 11 to 14 cm dominated in this population, while only a very few crayfish specimens reached a length of approximately 16 cm. As the crayfish specimens increased in body length, the male body weight predominance over female body weight also increased. While for specimens 10 cm long this figure was as high as 17.5%, for 16 cm long specimens it peaked at 33.6%. Noble and narrow-clawed crayfish have also been observed in control catches since 1999. The signal crayfish had similar weights at the same body lengths to those of the noble and narrow-clawed crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Esch. and were heavier than the spiny-cheek crayfish Orconectes limosus (Raf.). The signal crayfish reproduce in late September and early October, which is at least two weeks earlier than indigenous crayfish.
A population of Pacifastacus leniusculus was encountered in a river flowing from a Mazurian lake. It probably originated from individuals that had escaped from a farm where they were reared in 1979 - 1981. During a single night sampling (June 17 - 18), 104 crayfish individuals were caught. The sex ratio was 1:1, the males were molting, and the females were bearing offspring. The maximum male body length was 12.7 cm, and that of the females was 12.2 cm. Males over 8 cm in length participated in breeding. The lake and the river have been inhabited for years by Orconectes limosus. However, the presence of that expansive species did not disturb the fairly numerous population of Pacifastacus leniusculus in that section of the river.
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