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Considering high nutritive value and sensory qualities, the products manufactured of marine invertebrates are a desirable component of human diet. These products enjoy an increasing demand in Poland. However, considerable accumulation of chlorine- organic pollutants in the tissues of marine animals may pose a threat for consumers. The study included determination of the content of PCB congeners (28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180 according to IUPAC) in tinned and pickled seafood products purchased in Szczecin’s fishshops. In all examined products the analysed congeners were found, only in “Octopus in vegetable oil” PCB 138 was not detected. The highest content, 13.8 μg-kg_l m.m. (99.237 μg-kg’1 lipids), was recorded for PCB congener 153 in “Squid in American sauce”. The lowest residue levels were found for PCB 101 (0.002 to 0.07 μg-kg'1 m.m.). The highest percentage (from among analysed congeners) in majority of examined products was found for PCB 153 (to 95% in “Octopus in vegetable oil”) and PCB 180 (to 58% in “Pickled mussels”). The lowest percentage was stated for PCB congeners 101 (to 2.2% in “Shrimps natural”) and 52 (to 9.9% in “Greenland shrimps in brine”).
This study is based on bioaccumulation of total hydrocarbon (THC) and heavy metals in body parts of the West African red mangrove crab (G. pelii), which inhabit polluted mangrove forests. Thirty crabs were captured in October, 2018 and sorted into male and female. Their lengths and widths were measured, and body parts dismembered and oven-dried at 70 ͦC for 48 hours. Physicochemical analysis for Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb) and THC was measured by spectrophotometric method using HACH DR 890 colorimeter (wavelength 420 nm) and microwave accelerated reaction system (MARS Xpress, North Carolina) respectively. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in THC and heavy metals in the body parts of crabs. However, Zinc was highest in claw (993.4±91.3 mg/l) and body tissues (32.5±1.9 mg/l), Pb was highest in carapace (34.6± 2.8 mg/l) and gill (151.9±21.6 mg/l) while THC was highest in intestine (39.5±2.9 mg/l) and gut (52.4±13.4 mg/l). The order of concentration is Zn>Pb>THC>Cd. Male crabs had slightly higher THC and heavy metal concentration than female crabs probably because of their large size. There is negative correlation between carapace area and THC concentration (R = -0.246), meaning THC decreases with increasing carapace size. Internal parts of crab had higher THC and heavy metal concentration than external parts. These results show that there is high bioaccumulation of THC and heavy metals in crab, which is above WHO/FAO standard. This implies that the crabs are unfit for human consumption. The smaller the crab the better it is for consumption in terms of bioaccumulation of pollutants.
This article reports the amino acid profiles of the innards of the male and female dry samples of Neopetrolisthes maculatus collected from the Atlantic Ocean at Orimedu beach in Ibeju-Lekki, Lagos, Nigeria. The analytical results showed high values of amino acids being observed in both heterosexual samples (g 100g⁻¹ protein): 8.17-8.32 (Leu), 8.35-10.3 (Asp), 17.6-18.2 (Glu) and 7.76-9.55 (Arg) with total amino acid values being greater in female innards (97.6g100g⁻¹) than the male innards (95.5g 100g⁻¹). These quality parameters were instructive of the quality of the amino acids in the innards of N. maculatus: P-PER1, (2.83-3.01), P-PER2 (2.89-2.96), EAAI (88.7-89.0), BV (85.0-85.5), Lys/Trp (L/T) (3.00-5.01), Met/Trp (M/T) (1.78-3.50) and Phe/Tyr (1.04 - 1.65). The pI values were close at 5.46-5.57. In the amino acid groups (classes), the following trend was observed: class I > IV >V > VI > II > III > VII. For the amino acid scores: serine (0.487-0.511) was limiting in both samples on the total hen’s egg scoring pattern; in provisional scoring pattern, Lys was limiting in both samples with values of 0.820-0.889 and in the pre-school amino acid requirements, Lys was also limiting at 0.778-0.843. In the statistical analyses total amino acid profiles as well as egg scores were significantly different between the two samples whereas quality scores in pre-school amino acid requirements and provisional amino acid scoring pattern were both not significantly different between the two samples all at r=₌₀.₀₁. Among the EAAs, six out of nine (66.7%) were more concentrated in the male innards and three of nine (33.3%) were more concentrated in the female. Thus the overall summary showed the male innards amino acids were of better quality than in the female as shown: male innards EEA = 46.1 g100g⁻¹ and 46.0 g100g⁻¹ in the female with corresponding TNEAA of 49.3g 100g⁻¹ and 51.6g 100g⁻¹ respectively.
Crab meat is an excellent source of minerals, particularly calcium, iron, zinc, potassium and phosphours. The minerals in the edible parts of muscle of C.lucifera different sexes (male, female and berried female) were determined by digital flame photometer. Totally 11 minerals are reported in the present study. Seven (Sodium> Potassium >Magnesium >Calcium>Manganese> Iron >Zinc) minerals were reported in all sexes. Sodium was maximum (137.55 mg) and zinc was minimum (1.76 mg) in all sexes. Copper, mercury and cadmium were available in trace amount in all sexes. However, arsenic was in trace amount in berried females and totally absent in males and females. Among different sexes, berried females contain maximum amount of minerals (156.24mg) followed by females (121.76 mg) and males (95.5mg).
The present paper reports the occurrence of the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis H.M ilne Edwards, 1854 in the coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdańsk, and attempts an initial characterization of the crabs occurring in this area.
Eriocheir sinensis H. Milne-Edwards, 1853 is a non-native species found in European waters. Analyses of mitten crabs caught in brackish waters (Gulf of Gdańsk, Poland) and in freshwater (Havel River, Germany) have indicated that numerous epibionts (possibly temporary) inhabit the dense setal mats that cover the chelipeds. Of the 950 associates found on 22 crabs collected from brackish water, the most abundant were Nematoda (82.3%), followed by Bivalvia (10.3%), Crustacea (5.6%), Oligochaeta (1.2%) and Gastropoda (0.6%). In comparison, 1280 specimens (Chironomidae – 67.6% and Halacaridae – 32.4%), were identified from 13 crabs collected in freshwater. As this crab can migrate long distances, it is capable of transporting native and non-native species via its mittened claws to new habitats.
The Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis Milne-Edwards, 1854 is a newcomer to the Baltic Sea. Previous studies have shown that since the 1940s single large specimens of this species have been caught annually in Polish waters. The invasion of the Chinese mitten crab has been reported from many European countries, including Poland, where it is especially abundant in the Odra Estuary. Of 186 specimens captured in Lake Dąbie in August 1998, 45% were females and 55% males. The carapace width of these crabs varied between 53 and 88 mm and the average wet weight was 169±45.3 g.
On the basis of carapaces, three new genera and species of symmetrical paguroid anomurans are described. Diogenicheles theodorae, Masticacheles longirostris, and Pilgrimcheles karolinae constitute the oldest known members of the family Parapylochelidae. As noted previously, assemblages from sponge−reefal strata of Oxfordian (Late Jurassic) age in the south− ern Polish Uplands document an important radiation event amongst paguroids. Compared to the present day, the Parapylochelidae were more diverse during the mid−Mesozoic; they appear to have withdrawn from shallow, reefal waters to deep−water settings from the Late Jurassic onwards. Paguroid faunas from the Oxfordian of Europe already are highly di− verse, both morphologically and phylogenetically, and comprise early members of the families Diogenidae, Pylochelidae, and Parapylochelidae. This suggests that the evolutionary history of paguroids started much earlier (i.e., in pre−Jurassic times) than previously assumed. New terms for several typical paguroid carapace regions are introduced and on the basis of carapace morphology and ecological shifts hypotheses on the early speciation of hermit crabs are put forward.
Marine invertebrates depend upon antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as a major component of innate immunity, as they are rapidly synthesized and diffuse upon pathogen invasion. In this study, we report the identification and characterization of a 11 kDa antimicrobial protein, which we name SSAP (for Scylla serrata antimicrobial protein), from granular hemocytes of the mangrove crab S. serrata. The protein is highly similar to scygonadin, a male-specific AMP isolated from the ejaculatory duct of S. serrata. SSAP was isolated using various chromatographic techniques, viz. ion-exchange, ultra filtration and RP-HPLC, and demonstrated antibacterial activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Full length mRNA encoding SSAP was amplified using a combination of RT-PCR and RACE. The nucleotide sequence revealed a full-length ORF of 381 bp coding for a preprotein of 126 amino acids comprising a signal peptide of 24 amino acids and a mature protein of 102 amino acids with a predicted mass of 11435 Da and pI of 5.70. Unlike scygonadin, SSAP is expressed in several tissues of both male and female crabs, as evidenced by RT-PCR, Northern and Western blot analyses. The study suggests that SSAP might be an isoform or a variant of scygonadin and might play an important role in regulating the immunity of the crab upon microbial infection.
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