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Comparative study to determine food consumption of cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis, on some cotton genotypes

100%

Khedr M. A., Al-Shannaf H. M., Mead H. M., Shaker S. A. E.-A.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

2015

tom 55

nr 3

A study was done on the feeding behaviour, development indices, and biochemical response of 4th instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis in which seven cotton genotypes were used: Giza86, Giza88, Giza92, 10229 × Giza 86, H10, Suvin, and Karshenseki. Castor bean leaves were used as the control. All the tested cotton genotypes decreased the feeding behavior of S. littoralis larvae in terms of consumption percentages, consumption rate (CR), growth rates (GR), efficiency of conversion of ingested and digested food (ECI and ECD), approximate digestibility (AD), and feeding deterrence (FDI) compared to the control. Additionally, all the tested cotton varieties prolonged the time taken for larval and pupal duration and reduced both the pupation percentages and the weight of the resulting pupae, as compared to the control. Giza86 recorded the lowest values of both larval growth index and fitness (7.31 and 1.05, respectively) while the genotype Suvin recorded the lowest standardised growth index (0.020) more than other genotypes and the control that gave 10.16, 1.53, and 0.032, respectively. There was a significant inhibition in the level of both total soluble protein and total lipids, and activities of amylase and the trehalase enzymes in all the tested varieties, compared to that found in the control.

Chemical constituents and ovicidal effects of mahlab, Prunus mahaleb L. kernels oil on cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) eggs

84%

Mead H. M., El-Shafiey S. N., Sabry H. M.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

2016

tom 56

nr 3

The carried out investigations evaluated ovicidal activity of mahlab, Prunus mahaleb L. kernel oil against cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). The chemical constituents of the fixed oil of mahlab were analyzed using gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). Timnodonic (33.07%), oleic (28.71%) and linoleic (24.35%) were the basic fatty acids, while the major hydrocarbon and sterol were found to be heneicosane (62.57%) and β-sitosterol (10.57%). The LC50 values for the one-day-old egg masses were found to be more susceptible than 3-day-old ones. Moreover, the leaf dip technique occurred to be more efficient than spraying technique. The results also showed abnormalities in the external morphology of egg shell, chorion surface, shell imprints and aeropyles of S. littoralis eggs treated with mahlab and KZ oils as compared to a control by using scanning electron microscope. Generally, the tested oils significantly reduced the activities of transaminase enzymes (AST and ALT), acid and alkaline phosphatases and total soluble protein except mahlab oil on acid phosphatase as compared to a control. Additionally, the oils of both mahlab and KZ oil affected some biological aspects such as incubation period, larval duration, larval mortality and pupal weight comparing to a control.

Carbonic anhydrase activity in the vas deferens of the cotton leafworm - Spodoptera littoralis [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae] controlled by circadian clock

67%

Kotwica J., Ciuk M. A., Joachimiak E., Rowinski S., Cymborowski B., Bebas P.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement

2006

tom 57

nr 8

107-123

The male reproductive tract of Lepidoptera is an ideal model for the study of the physiological role of peripheral clocks in insects. The latter are significant in the generation and coordination of rhythmic phenomena which facilitate the initial stages of sperm capacitation. This process requires the maintenance of pH in the upper vas deferens (UVD) aided by, among others, H+-ATPase. Our aim was to determine the potential involvement of carbonic anhydrase (CA) in this process, an enzyme tasked with generating protons subsequently utilized by H+-ATPase to acidify the UVD milieu in S. littoralis, during the time when the lumen of this organ is filled with sperm. We attempted to answer the question whether CA activity can be controlled by the biological oscillator present in the male reproductive tract of the cotton leafworm. Using PAGE zymography, the presence of CA was demonstrated in the UVD wall, but not in the luminal fluid nor in the sperm. Using histochemistry, it was shown that CA is active in the UVD epithelium, and that this activity varies throughout the day and is most likely controlled by an endogenous biological clock. Conversely, the application of CA inhibitors, acetazolamide and sodium thiocyanate, in conjunction with an analysis of H+-ATPase activity in the acidification the UVD environment shows that CA most likely does not play a direct role in the regulation of the pH in this organ.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Journal of Plant Protection Research

1 Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement

2 Mead H. M.

1 Al-Shannaf H. M.

1 Bebas P.

1 Ciuk M. A.

1 Cymborowski B.

1 El-Shafiey S. N.

1 Joachimiak E.

1 Khedr M. A.

1 Kotwica J.

1 Rowinski S.

1 Sabry H. M.

1 Shaker S. A. E.-A.

1 2016

1 2015

1 2006

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Comparative study to determine food consumption of cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis, on some cotton genotypes

Chemical constituents and ovicidal effects of mahlab, Prunus mahaleb L. kernels oil on cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) eggs

Carbonic anhydrase activity in the vas deferens of the cotton leafworm - Spodoptera littoralis [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae] controlled by circadian clock