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Bilirubin, an antioxidant in the blood, plays a role in protection from atherosclerosis. The level of bilirubin is highly correlated to the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD). Unconjugated bilirubin is conjugated with glucuronic acid through the reaction of uridine 5′-diphosphate-glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1). The interactions of CAD and the variations in the coding regions of the UGT1A1 gene have never been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of the UGT1A1 variant on the incidence of CAD. There were 135 participants in this study: 61 in the experimental group, who had CAD, and 74 in the control group, who did not have CAD. The blood samples from all 135 participants were collected and assayed to clarify the relationship between bilirubin and CAD. The assay of the polymerase chain reaction and the sequence of the UGT1A1 gene were examined to find the gene’s polymorphisms. The bilirubin levels for the participants in the control group were significantly higher than for the patients in the CAD group. Although the concentration of bilirubin in the UGT1A1 variant was higher than the wild type for the patients in the CAD group, there was no significant difference in the polymorphism of UGT1A1 between the patients in the CAD group and the participants in the control group.
Background. Osteoporosis is a condition that has been much more frequent for women, which is related to menopause and to their lower bone mineral density (BMD). Inappropriate diet is among the development factors of the disease. Objective. To assess differences in consumption of particular nutrients among women with and without osteoporosis diagnosed. Material and Methods. The study was conducted in 2013 in a group of 100 women aged 51-70, using a questionnaire, including a 24-hour recall related to a participant’s nutrients consumptions. Results. Women suffering from osteoporosis were found to consume significantly lower amounts of fat (by 16%) and energy (by 13%), as well as vitamins: A (by 16%), E (by 20%), B6 (by 20%), niacin (by 16%) and C (by 19%). Differences in the consumption of minerals have been observed in the cases of calcium, phosphorus, sodium and potassium. The women with osteoporosis were fund to consume lower amounts of those elements, by 14%, 13%, 21% and 19% respectively. On the average, participants of the study in both groups consumed amounts of calcium at a half of the recommended level, and substantially exceeded the recommended values of phosphorus, as well as displaying an inappropriate calcium to phosphorus ratio (0.5:1). As little as 8% of the participants with osteoporosis declared a considerable change in their diet, with increased consumption of dairy products. Conclusion. The observed nutrition deficiencies in osteoporosis patients may be conducive to a worsened condition, and may lead to an onset of the disease in participants from the control group.
The experiment was carried out on nine sexually mature, aged 1-3 years, clinically healthy bitches being in anoestrus. The animals were divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The bitches from the experimental groups were receiving zearalenone per os at the doses of 25 µg/kg b.w. and 50 µg/kg b.w., respectively for 100 d. The concentrations of zearalenone, progesterone, and 17β- oestradiol were analysed in weekly intervals. Zearalenone was noted as early as minute 30 and then during the whole experiment. High concentration of zearalenone (9.34 - 124.33 ng/mL.) was observed in weeks 6-9. The intoxication was accompanied by hormonal disturbances due to progesterone concentration (to 25-30 ng/mL) depending on zearalenone dose and by the increasing in 17β-oestradiol concentration (to 33 pg/ml). Hormonal disturbances of this kind are similar to those noted in different pathological conditions in the genital tract in bitches.
Oszacowano zawartość azotanów (V) i azotanów (III) w całodziennych wegetariańskich i tradycyjnych racjach pokarmowych, wykorzystując program komputerowy. Racje uzyskano na podstawie 24 godz. wywiadów żywieniowych zbieranych przez 3 kolejne dni od 30 osób żywiących się dietą wegetariańską i 30 osób żywiących się tradycyjnie. Przy obliczeniach uwzględniono ubytki azotanów (V) i azotanów (III), powstające w czasie obróbki technologicznej, korzystając z danych z piśmiennictwa (1). Stwierdzono, że zarówno wegańskie, jak i wegetariańskie racje pokarmowe dostarczają znamiennie więcej azotanów niż racje tradycyjne.
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of environmental fluorine contamination on the adenylate nucleotides (AMP, ADP, AMP), total nucleotide pool (TAN), and adenylate energy charge (AEC) in the erythrocytes of heifers. The concentration of F in serum as well as ATP, ADP, AMP, TAN contents and AEC of red cells were also determined. The animals exposed to F- (group A) came from farms situated about 2-3 km away from the Police chemical plant. The control group involved animals from an ecologically clean area (group B). In comparison with the control, heifers from a study group showed a significant decrease in ATP (p≤0.001) and ADP (p≤0.01), with a parallel increase in erythrocyte AMP (p≤0.001). The means serum F- concentration was higher in exposed animals (6.5 μM, whereas in the control group it was 4.3 μM). The differences were statistically significant (p≤0.05). Both the TAN concentration in serum and the level of AEC in the group of heifers exposed to high F concentration was significantly lower than in the control group (p≤0.001).
The impact of the Gdańsk Phosphatic Fertilizer Plant “Fosfory” on citizens living near the plant was examined. Al, As, Au, Br, Ca, Cl, Cu, Dy, I, In, K, La, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, S, Sb, Sm, U, V, Zn were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (IN AA) in hair and toenail clippings collected from 22 persons living in the neighborhood surrounding the plant and from 11 people from the control district. Essential differences in concentrations of elements for the citizens and the control group were evaluated using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test. Significant differences between citizens of the factory neighborhood and the control group were found, for instance, for Mg, Sb, S and V, but it is hard to define if the factory impact exists, and whether it is the basis for these differences. The study was also undertaken to indicate a correlation between hair and nail element content and differences between concentrations of these elements considering sex.
An immune system status of socially stressed laboratory rats Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769 and their offsprings was studied. Several tests on activity of the macrophages and lymphocytes as well as on the tumour necrosis factor a (TNFa) activity in the blood serum were used to assess an immune system status of the stressed and control groups of rats. The results indicated that social stress led to obvious alterations in the immune system of the stressed rats and especially of their offspring, where the changes were more pronounced.
Effect of naked oats used for gilts on the state of their reproductive organs and selected reproductive indicators of sows. The study was carried out on 180 Polish Landrace gilts. The animals were assigned to three groups, two experimental and one control, with 60 individuals in each. The gilts were fed complete mixed rations in amounts consistent with the norms given in Swine Feeding Standards (1993).The mixture fed to the experimental groups contained 40% (D1) and 20% (D2) naked oats of the Akt variety. Sexual activity was observed in the gilts during the second and third oestrus. The standing reflex was tested twice a day, in the morning and afternoon, and its duration was determined by timing the positive reaction to a boar, to touch and to mounting. Half of the gilts, selected in equal numbers from the control group and the experimental groups, were slaughtered between days 5 and 10 of the luteal phase of the second or third oestrous cycle. The number of corpora lutea was determined in these gilts. The reproductive organs were evaluated as well, taking into account the weight of the uterus, the length of the uterine horns and the weight of the ovaries. The remaining gilts (90) were mated during the second (45 gilts) and third (45 gilts) oestrus. Then the age at first farrowing, the weaning-to-conception interval between the first and second and the second and third litters, and the length of the farrowing interval between the first and second and the second and third litters were calculated. The highest uterine weight was noted in the gilts from the experimental groups. In both periods the weight of the uterus ranged from 372.8 (D2, mated during the second oestrus) to 398.4 g (D1, mated during the third oestrus). The weight of the ovaries was within the normal range, but significant differences were noted between the experimental and control groups. The highest sexual activity during oestrus (2.4-2.7 pts) in the first, second and third reproductive cycles was observed in the sows that received naked oats in their feed ration. Gilts mated during the second oestrus of the first reproductive cycle had litters earliest, on average at the age of 314.7 days (group D1), compared to 335.3 days in the case of gilts bred in the third oestrus of the first reproductive cycle (group D1). The most beneficial farrowing interval in each reproductive cycle was noted in the groups of sows receiving mixtures containing naked oats.
Effect of liquid acidifiers on rearing performance of suckling piglets.Crossbred piglets from 36 litters (12 litters each in control group C and in experimental groups E1 and E2) were investigated. From birth to weaning at 28 days of age, piglets from group E1 received drinking water with a 2% solution of lactic, formic and orthophosphoric acids, and those from group E2 a 0.05% solution of Baracid P, which contained phosphoric, citric, lactic, formic and tartaric acids. No acidifier was used in group C. The piglets were monitored for body weight, mortality, and the incidence and duration of diarrhea. Production parameters were average in all the groups. Daily weight gains from 1 to 28 days of age were comparable in the groups (P >0.05). The additives increased piglet survival (by 1.0 percentage point in group E1 vs C and by 1.8 percentage point in group E2 vs C) and decreased the number of days with diarrhea in experimental compared to control piglets. The differences in daily gains between the groups were statistically not significant, but the improved health and higher survival of piglets in the experimental groups compared to the control group indicate the appropriateness of using acidifiers in rearing of young pigs.
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