Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Soil contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs] in Poland - a review

100%

Wcislo E.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1998

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tom 07

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nr 5

The purpose of this paper is to provide a summary of data on PAH content in soils in Poland, published in literature over the last 20 years. This paper presents a preliminary assessment of soil contamination by PAHs for different land use patterns. A review of available literature highlights the need to continue research on PAH contamination levels in environmental media in Poland, including surface soil. Results of such research would be important in order to better define exposure estimates in the general population and to examine the relationship between levels of PAHs in thc environment and thc subsequent development of health effects.

2

The application of nanoscale materials in groundwater remediation

75%

Matlochova A., Placha D., Rapantova N.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2013

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tom 22

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nr 5

This review article summarizes the current situation in the application of nanotechnology to contaminated site remediation. Many types of nanomaterials and nanoparticles have been produced since their discovery. As remediation tools, carbon-based nanomaterial (CNM) sorbents and nanoparticles of zero-valent iron (nZVI) are at the forefront of scientific interest. The most often used CNM sorbents are multiwalled and singlewalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs and SWCNTs), which are only examined under laboratory conditions. nZVI has already been applied to real contaminated sites as an in situ technology through direct injection into aquifers. CNM sorbents can remove both organic contaminants – aliphatic and mono and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives, plus inorganic contaminants – such as divalent metal ions (Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺) from polluted water. Zero-valent iron nanoparticles have been used for the removal of TCE, VOC, nitrates, and uranium. This review shows that these nanomaterials are a promising solution in the field of groundwater remediation, but there are also many unanswered questions regarding the environmental risks of nanoscale materials, which are outlined as well.

3

Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik

Formation of adenylate energy charge [AEC] versus the fluorine content in forest soil in the area affected by emission from Police Chemical Plant

63%

Telesinski A., Smolik B., Grabczynska E.

Journal of Elementology

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2010

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tom 15

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nr 2

355-362

Activity of most enzymes of the key-metabolic pathways depend on the content of adenine nucleotides, such as ATP, ADP and AMP, in cells. Based on the level of these nucleotides, the adenylate energy charge (AEC) was defined as AEC = ([ATP] + 0.5[ADP]) : ([ATP] + [ADP] + [AMP]). Theoretically, AEC values can range from 0 to 1 and represent the physiological state of a soil microbial population. Soil microorganisms and the enzymes they secrete are connected with biological processes which form soil fertility in all ecosystems, including forests. Forests are such ecological systems which are an integral complex and their dysfunction could be caused by permanent influence of anthropogenic factors, including industrial emission of gases and dusts. The aim of this study was the determination of changes in adenylate energy charge values and fluorine content in the humus layer of forest-podsol soils affected by the emission of Police Chemical Plant. During a year, soil samples were taken five times (in October 2007, February, April, June and September 2008) from five different sites Wkrzańska Forest near Węgornik, Tatynia, Tanowo, Trzeszczyn and Mścięcino. In the samples, concentration of fluorine, both water-soluble (extracted by 0.01 M CaCl2) and potentially accessible to plants (extracted by 2 M HClO4), was assayed by potentiometry. Additionally, the content of adenine nucleotides was assayed by chromatography. Based on the content of nucleotides, adenylate energy charge values in soil were calculated. The AEC values and fluorine content in soil depended on a distance from the emitter and the dates on which the samples were taken. In order to determine the relationships between the fluorine content and AEC values, Pearson’s correlations coefficients were calculated. Between the fluorine (both, water-soluble and plant available) content and AEC values there was a signifficant negative correlation, which could mean that AEC is a very good indicator of the fluorine content in soil.

4

Toxocarosis in children living in a highly contaminated area. An epidemiological and clinical study

63%

Luzna-Lyskov A.

Acta Parasitologica

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2000

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tom 45

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nr 1

Sixty three children, who were living in an area known to be heavily contaminated by dog faeces in the centre of city of Poznań, Poland (Toxocara spp. eggs were found in 53% of 40 g soil samples), were examined for antibodies to Toxocara spp. Five children (7.9%) had high absorbance values in the Toxocara ELISA test. Geophagia and dog’s ownership were the major associated risk factors. Neither present nor past symptoms and signs usually related to toxocarosis were found in any of the seropositive children. The study confirmed that toxocarosis may be clinically inapparent even in an area where exposure to infection is common and serological responses well pronounced.

5

Determination of high Zn and Pb concentrations in polluted soils using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

63%

Sitko R., Zawisza B., Jurczyk J., Buhl F., Zielonka U.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2004

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tom 13

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nr 1

A method of determination of high Zn and Pb concentrations by means of EDXRF (energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry) is presented. Zn and Pb concentration in soil samples from contaminated areas ranged within a limit of Zn: 800–2000ppm and Pb: 200–600ppm. Soil analysis was conducted directly after the samples had been dried and powdered, as well as in situ in polluted areas. Due to the absence of the certificate reference materials for soils with such high Zn and Pb concentrations, samples of soil with the Pb and Zn amounts determined using the AAS method were used to perform calibration. The obtained detection limits are 30ppm and 19ppm for Zn and Pb, respectively. Because of the high analytes concentration and material heterogeneity, the repeatability of the results was examined according to the sample holder’s various positions in EDXRF analyzer; repeatability the of the results while putting into the sample holder and out of it, together with the repeatability of making the calibration. The results obtained using the EDXRF method were compared to these obtained using AAS and wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (WDXRF).

6

The state and prospects for vital activities in the radiocontaminated areas of Zhytomyr Polissya

63%

Malynovsky A. S.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia

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2006

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tom 05

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nr 2

7

Disturbances of ionic equilibrium in mosses of contaminated areas

63%

Kosiba P., Kolon K.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2002

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tom 71

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nr 4

8

Identification by PCR-RFLP of a fungus isolated from mycorrhizal roots of a distinguishable birch growing in areas disturbed by industry

63%

Krupa P.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1999

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tom 08

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nr 3

9

Arbuscular mycorrhiza of Deschampsia cespitosa (Poaceae) at different soil depths in highly metal-contaminated site in southern Poland

51%

Gucwa-Przepiora E., Blaszkowski J., Kurtyka R., Malkowski L., Malkowski E.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2013

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tom 82

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nr 4

This study presents root colonization of Deschampsia cespitosa growing in the immediate vicinity of a former Pb/Zn smelter by arbuscular mycorhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septated endophytes (DSE) at different soil depths. AMF spores and species distribution in soil profile were also assessed. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and DSE were found in D. cespitosa roots at all investigated soil levels. However, mycorrhizal colonization in topsoil was extremely low with sporadically occurring arbuscules. AM parameters: frequency of mycorrhization of root fragments (F%), intensity of root cortex colonization (M%), intensity of colonization within individual mycorrhizal roots (m%), and arbuscule abundance in the root system (A%) were markedly higher at 20–40, 40–60 cm soil levels and differed in a statistically significant manner from AM parameters from 0–10 and 10–20 cm layers. Mycorrhizal colonization was negatively correlated with bioavailable Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations. The number of AMF spores in topsoil was very low and increased with soil depth (20–40 and 40–60 cm). At the study area spores of three morphologically distinctive AMF species were found: Archaeospora trappei, Funneliformis mosseae and Scutellospora dipurpurescens. The fourth species Glomus tenue colonized roots of D. cespitosa and was observed in the root cortex at 20–40 and 40–60 soil depth, however, its spores were not found at the site.

10

Remediacja i stabilizacja zanieczyszczonego podłoża pod istniejącymi budynkami - analiza przypadku

51%

Iwanicka E., Janiszewska S., Koda E.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Architectura

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2020

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tom 19

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nr 1

W celu zmniejszenia ilości zanieczyszczeń w trudno dostępnych miejscach, pod istniejącą już zabudową stosuje się często połączone systemy oczyszczania gruntów i/lub wód gruntowych, aby zoptymalizować proces remediacji oraz dostosować metodę do warunków gruntowo-wodnych oraz rodzaju zastanego zanieczyszczenia. Metody oczyszczania gruntów in situ charakteryzują się ponoszeniem mniejszych kosztów w porównaniu do metod ex situ. Oczyszczanie na miejscu stosowane jest przy zanieczyszczeniu dużych powierzchni. Jednakże stosowanie ich pod istniejącą zabudową wiąże się ze zwiększonymi kosztami oczyszczania gruntu. Metody in situ można stosować na terenach zurbanizowanych, przemysłowych czy komunikacyjnych oraz pod obiektami budowlanymi w gęstej zabudowie itp., a nawet gdy w zanieczyszczonej warstwie gruntu występują instalacje infrastrukturalne. Skuteczność remediacji zależy od właściwego doboru metody, którego należy dokonać, uwzględniając ilości i rodzaj zanieczyszczeń występujących na badanym terenie, budowę geologiczną terenu, położenie warstw wodonośnych i kierunek przepływu wód gruntowych. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie tych metod remediacji gruntów in situ, które ze względu na dużą skuteczność neutralizacji najczęściej spotykanych rodzajów zanieczyszczeń stosuje się pod istniejącą już zabudową i infrastrukturą, tak aby nie naruszyć stateczności obiektu. W artykule przedstawiono dwie metody oczyszczania gruntów in situ, których dobór uwarunkowany był rodzajem substancji zanieczyszczającej zalegającej w gruncie. Podwyższone zawartości w warstwie przypowierzchniowej terenu substancji ropopochodnych zneutralizowano poprzez zastosowanie metody bioremediacji, a w przypadku wykrycia na placu budowy podwyższonych zawartości metali ciężkich w postaci arszeniku zaprojektowano metodę stabilizacji. Dzięki odpowiednio przeprowadzonemu rozpoznaniu terenu przed rozpoczęciem prac, a także prowadzeniu monitoringu przebiegu procesu oczyszczania można było w sposób kontrolowany obserwować zachodzącą neutralizację substancji zanieczyszczających.

11

Accumulation of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd by dandelion [Taraxacum officinale Web.] in environments with various degrees of metallic contamination

51%

Krolak E.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2003

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tom 12

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nr 6

Contents of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd have been examined in soils and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Web.) in uncontaminated (Biała Podlaska, area of eastern Poland) and contaminated environments (Ruda Śląska and Bytom - Upper Silesia area). Based on the value of the cumulation factor (FC) a reduction of Zn and Cu collection by dandelion has been observed along with an increase of the concentration of these metals in the soil. Such a dependence is not so pronounced in the case of Pb and Cd. Even in an environment contaminated excessively with Cd (IV degree soil contamination) this element is collected by dandelion only in concentrations proportional to its content in the soil.

Ograniczanie wyników

Soil contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs] in Poland - a review

The application of nanoscale materials in groundwater remediation

Formation of adenylate energy charge [AEC] versus the fluorine content in forest soil in the area affected by emission from Police Chemical Plant

Toxocarosis in children living in a highly contaminated area. An epidemiological and clinical study

Determination of high Zn and Pb concentrations in polluted soils using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

The state and prospects for vital activities in the radiocontaminated areas of Zhytomyr Polissya

Disturbances of ionic equilibrium in mosses of contaminated areas

Identification by PCR-RFLP of a fungus isolated from mycorrhizal roots of a distinguishable birch growing in areas disturbed by industry

Arbuscular mycorrhiza of Deschampsia cespitosa (Poaceae) at different soil depths in highly metal-contaminated site in southern Poland

Remediacja i stabilizacja zanieczyszczonego podłoża pod istniejącymi budynkami - analiza przypadku

Accumulation of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd by dandelion [Taraxacum officinale Web.] in environments with various degrees of metallic contamination