Wyniki wyszukiwania - AGRO

1

Infection of common carp, and three introduced herbivorous fish from Zabieniec fish farm, in relation to their sizes

100%

Pojmanska T.

Acta Parasitologica

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1994

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tom 39

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nr 1

Changes in infection and distribution of parasites in fish of different length (age) were analyzed. It was found that most parasites colonized fish during the first weeks of their sojourn in the ponds, but only some of these species remained in fish in the second and third years of their life. Protozoans appeared to be mainly associated with fry; the occurrence of some dactylogyrids decreased with increasing fish length, others showed the opposite tendency; ectoparasitic crustaceans and leeches showed preference to bigger fish. The probable reasons for these phenomena are discussed.

2

Potential role of different fish species as vectors of koi herpesvirus (CyHV-3) infection

88%

Matras M., Stachnik M., Borzym E., Maj-Paluch J., Reichert M.

Journal of Veterinary Research

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2019

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tom 63

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nr 4

3

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The effects of rearing conditions on hematology and susceptibility of common carp to experimental manipulation stress

88%

Kondera E., Witeska M.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Animal Science

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2019

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tom 58[1]

4

Does the site of blood collection in fish affect haematological and blood biochemical results?

75%

Bojarski B., Socha M., Drag-Kozak E., Rombel-Bryzek A., Kapinos S., Szala L., Kondera E., Lugowska K., Witeska M.

Folia Biologica

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2021

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tom 69

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nr 2

5

Hematological alterations in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) exposed to herbicides: pendimethalin and ethofumesate tested separately and in mixture

75%

Bojarski B., Ludwikowska A., Kurek A., Pawlak K., Tombarkiewicz B., Lutnicka H.

Folia Biologica

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2015

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tom 63

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nr 3

6

The effects of metals on swimbladder inflation of common carp [Cyprinus carpio L.] larvae

75%

Sarnowski P.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Fisheries

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2004

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tom 07

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nr 1

The aim of the present study was to evaluate, using the microscope and computer image analysis system MultiScan, the effects of Cu (0.2 mg·dm -3) and Cd (0.2 mg·dm -3) on swimbladder inflation by common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) larvae under laboratory conditions. The fish were exposed to metals for 30 days from hatching. The results indicate that heavy metals considerably inhibited inflation of the posterior and anterior chamber of swimbladder. Metals affected inflation of each swimbladder chamber in a different way. They reduced the rate of inflation of first (posterior) chamber, delayed the beginning of inflation of the second (anterior) chamber, and inhibited its growth. Metal exposure resulted in differences among the larvae: some of them inflated the anterior chamber, and the others failed to inflate it.

7

The effect of copper exposure during embryonic development on deformations of newly hatched common carp larvae, and further consequences

75%

Witeska M., Lugowska K.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Fisheries

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2004

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tom 07

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nr 2

The study was done on common carp larvae, the embryonic development of which took place in clean tap water (control K group) or at 0.2 mgˇdm3 of copper (Cu group). The experiments were carried out until the 20 day from hatching. Among newly hatched larvae four types of body malformations were distinguished: A curvature of the spine, B C-shaped larva, E deformed yolk sac, G shortened body. These deformations are not copper-specific, and were observed also in fish exposed to other heavy metals. Deformations that impair larval locomotion must adversely affect feeding efficiency, thus would reduce larval survival. That was confirmed by the results concerning survival of larvae fed Artemia sp. nauplii. Only the larvae able to take up exogenous food survived until the end of the experiment. Copper exposure affected survival of larvae. Starved normal larvae from control group survived 19 days and started to die from the 13th day.

8

The influence of zinc on sperm motility of common carp - a computer assisted studies

75%

Chyb J., Kime D. E., Mikolajczyk T., Szczerbik P., Epler P.

Archives of Polish Fisheries

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2000

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tom 08

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nr 1

9

The effect of time and temperature on motility of spermatozoa of common and grass carp

75%

Jezierska B., Witeska M.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Fisheries

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1999

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tom 02

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nr 2

The sperm collected from common and grass carp males was stored at 5oC, and activated with water of various temperatures (20, 26, and 30oC). Time of spermatozoa motility was measured. Motility decreased with time after milt collection. Common carp spermatozoa were active longer, up to 7080 s. In most series their activity was reduced after 24 hours. Spermatozoa of grass carp were active up to 3055 s, and their motility shortened already in 8 hours post collection. After 24 hours they were motile less than 10 s. The effect of temperature of activation was observed the spermatozoa were active for the longest time at 20oC. Spermatozoa motility time was also affected by temperature of storage. Even shortterm (15 min) keeping spermatozoa at 20oC shortened their motility time in both species, and after 2 hour storage common carp sperm motility was reduced by about 50%.

10

Use of Prussian carp, Carassius gibelio, pituitaries in the artificial propagation of female common carp, Cyprinus carpio

63%

Kosti E., Perdikaris C., Athanassopoulou F., Chantzaropoulos A., Vavatsikos M., Ergolavou A., Bithava C., Paschos I.

Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

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2008

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tom 38

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nr 2

121-125

Background. The usage of common carp pituitaries has been associated with very high costs, resulting from sacrificing the valuable broodstock. A close taxonomic proximity between the Common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., and Prussian carp, Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782), reflected in the presence of high levels of the homologous carp LH hormone in Prussian carp pituitaries, was recently demonstrated. This prompted the present authors to evaluate the Prussian carp pituitaries as a less expensive alternative to carp pituitaries, for inducing spawning in common carp. Materials and Methods. Prussian carp were fished in Lake Pamvotis (NW Greece) on April 4, 2007 and 204 pituitaries were extracted and processed. Accordingly, the prepared pituitary liquid extract was injected in 30 female common carp (experimental group) in the State Carp Hatchery in Psathotopi, (western Greece). Common carp pituitary extract was used for the hypophysation of female common carp in the control group (n = 30). In both groups, standard hatchery procedures were followed concerning broodstock handling during the artificial propagation of common carp. Fertilized eggs were incubated in 7-L Zugar jars after removing the sticky substrate and hatching percentage was calculated. Results. Spawning success was 73.3%, total egg yield was 5.94 kg, total relative fecundity was 112.5 g · kg-1 of body weight (150.0 g · kg-1 of body weight based on fertile broodstock), and hatching percentage reached 85.2%. Statistically, all the above performance values were not significantly different compared to the controls. Conclusion. Taking advantage of a natural resource practically unexploited, the use of Prussian carp pituitaries in the artificial propagation of common carp was equally effective to common carp pituitaries, contributing to lower running costs in the hatchery.

11

Effects of herbicides pendimethalin and ethofumesate on common carp (Cyprinus carpio) erythrocyte morphology

63%

Bojarski B., Lutnicka H., Swadzba-Karbowy M., Makulska J., Jakubiak M., Pawlak K., Tombarkiewicz B., Witeska M.

Folia Biologica

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2018

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tom 66

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nr 3

12

A usability trial of erythrocyte meal in feeding juveniles of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

63%

Przybyl A., Mazurkiewicz J., Wudarczak B., Molinska-Glura M., Molinski K.

Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

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2006

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tom 36

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nr 1

Background. Constant improvement of animal feed formulas calls for new raw materials. In the feeding of fish, one of diet recipe optimization methods is to search for feed protein sources alternative to fish meal. The presently reported study focuses on an unconventional protein source—the erythrocyte meal—for feeding fry of common carp. Materials and Methods. The barothermal method (extrusion) was applied for the formulation of experimental feeds prepared as isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets. In the feeds tested, the erythrocyte meal was used as fish meal substitutes at different substitution levels (control diet C = 0%, E5 diet = 5%, E10 diet = 10%, and E15 diet = 15%). The feeds were evaluated on the basis of their physical and chemical characteristics. The feeding trial was carried out on the fry of carp (3.8 ± 0.1 g). The experiments were carried out under controlled conditions in an indoor fish tank facility in twelve 60-L flow-through aquaria. Each aquarium was stocked with 14 fish. In the final evaluation of the feeding tests, the following rearing effectiveness indices were used: food conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and survival rate (SR). The data obtained were statistically processed using Statistica computer software. Results. At the end of the experiment, the fish body weight from treatment C was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the weights of treatments E5 and E15. Significant body weight differences occurred also between treatments E5 and E15. Values of specific growth rate (SGR) depended on the type of applied feed. The minimal value (1.86% • d-1) was reached in treatment E15, while the maximal value (3.34% • d-1) was recorded in treatment C. The most favourable FCR and PER values were recorded for C feed and they differed significantly from the values obtained with other experimental feeds. The application of experimental feeds to carp resulted in an increase in dry matter content in all treatments, and total protein and fat in the fish bodies from groups C and E5. However, there was no change in body ash content at feeding trial. Conclusion. Experimental results showed that the erythrocyte meal addition at 5%, 10%, and 15% rate as replacement for 15% of fish meal did not improve the rearing parameters of common carp fry.

13

Supplementing the feed of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) juveniles with the BIOSAF probiotic

63%

Mazurkiewicz J., Przybyl A., Mroczyk W.

Archives of Polish Fisheries

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2005

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tom 13

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nr 2

The studies determined the effect of carp feeds supplemented with the probiotic preparation BIOSAF, a concentrate of live yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain Sc 47, on the growth and food conversion ratio of carp juveniles. Four types of granulated experimental feeds were prepared; three contained different quantities of the BIOSAF probiotic (B1 - 0.5 g kg⁻¹; B2 - 1.0 g kg⁻¹; B3 - 1.5 g kg⁻¹) and one was control feed K - without any probiotic. The added weight values of the probiotic were converted into colony forming units (CFU) of yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and were 4, 8, and 12 x 10⁹ CFU, respectively, per kilogram of feed. During the 50-day growth test, the fish receiving feeds supplemented with the probiotic had significantly higher mean individual body weight (P ≤ 0.05) in comparison with the fish from the control group. The minimal value of specific growth rate throughout the test (1.98% d⁻¹) was attained by fish fed control feed K, while the maximal value (2.45% d⁻¹) was recorded in the B2 variant; the differences were statistically significant. The most favorable values of food conversion and protein efficiency ratio were noted in the B2 feed. The differences were statistically different in comparison with the remaining feed types. No fish losses were recorded during the growth test. The type of feed had an impact on the contents of protein and fat in the fish bodies, but it did not cause any changes in dry mass or ash.

14

The economics of carp farms in Poland

63%

Turkowski K., Lirski A.

Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

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2010

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tom 40

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nr 2

Background. Poland is one of the largest common carp producers in the European Union. By 2006, the annual production of carp and other cyprinid fish species had reached around 17 000 t. The economic efficiency of pond farms is not only significant for the performance of Poland’s traditional carp market, but it also supports the non-productive environmental functions of earthen carp ponds. The objective of this study was to determine the costs and revenues of carp ponds, and to identify the key conditions for improving the profitability of carp farming in Poland. Materials and Methods. Data from 2005–2007 were collected through a survey of 18 carp farms keeping full accounting records of a total pond area of 17 302 ha, accounting for around 34% of the total in Poland. Data was both biological and economic. The former consisted of survival rate of different age groups of fish. The latter included farm revenues (sales of carp and other species, angling fees, and other income sources) and annual production costs. The cost was separated into two main parts, variable- and fixed costs. The income was determined by subtracting the annual total cost from the total revenue. The profitability was defined as the cost-to-income ratio. The results were compared with available economic indicators of carp production in Germany and Hungary in 1999–2002. Results. The proceeds from the sale of market-size carp had a predominant share of total revenues of the investigated farms. The variable cost consisted of labour (37%) and feed (20%), while the share of the remaining cost components did not exceed 10% of total expenses of fish farms. Only in 2007 was pond fish production profitable (merely 3.95%) while in 2005 and 2006, the total costs of the farms were higher than their revenues (on average –7.42% and –2.42%, respectively). The average survival rates of stocking carp in the studied farms, including fry between 0 and 2 years of age, were very low at 36% and 38%, respectively. The survival rates of market-size carp were much higher, on average 67%. Conclusion. The economic situation of Polish carp farms, within the studied time period, was difficult. The low survival rates of stocking carp seemed to be one of the main causes for the low return on carp production. This may be a compound effect not only of epizootic diseases but also of piscivorous animals and environmental restrictions imposed on carp ponds. Farmers could find it difficult to reconcile fish production with the pond environmental functions and the need to maintain a healthy profit margin without external financial support.

15

Heads or tails - fish hatching

63%

Lugowska K., Sarnowski P.

Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

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2011

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tom 41

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nr 1

Background. Hatching is a process in which the embryo emerges from the egg by breaking the protective egg shell. Our preliminary observations indicate that hatching duration and time-distribution may vary among and within the fish species, and that some embryos fail to hatch or hatch incompletely, probably due to the “incorrect” hatching way. So the aim of this study was a detailed description of hatching of three fish species: common carp, barbel, and rainbow trout. Materials and methods. Three species of fish: common carp, Cyprinus carpio; barbel, Barbus barbus; and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss; were examined for their hatching modes. The mode and the time of hatching of each larva were noted. Newly hatched larvae were counted and examined. The malformations were classified. Observations of embryos and larvae were done using the stereoscopic microscope Nikon connected to the computer with the MultiScan 8.4 image analysis system; the hatching embryos and larvae were photographed. Results. Three modes of hatching were observed, two of them similar in all three fish species. Some fish started hatching tail first from the egg shell, others head first or—specifically for barbel—yolk sac first. The data obtained in the present study showed that tail hatching was the most successful in all fish species, and shown by most good quality larvae. The majority of tail-hatched larvae developed normally and were viable, and only some of them were deformed and showed slight morphological defects, mainly single vertebral malformations that in most cases were negligible. Head hatching was the precarious in carp, and in all fish species less common and successful comparing to the tail hatching. Conclusion. The hatching mode could be used as another good parameter for estimation of quality of eggs and larvae.

16

Hematological alterations as a response to exposure to selected fungicides in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

63%

Lutnicka H., Bojarski B., Ludwikowska A., Wronska D., Kaminska T., Szczygiel J., Troszok A., Szambelan K., Formicki G.

Folia Biologica

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2016

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tom 64

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nr 4

17

Individual genetic variability within synthetic breeding lines of carp against the background of the electrophoretic fractionation of blood plasma transferrin

63%

Starmach J.

Acta Hydrobiologica

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1987

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tom 29

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nr 1

18

Effects of MCPA herbicide on hematological parameters and ultrastructure of hematopoietic tissues of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

63%

Lutnicka H., Bojarski B., Witeska M., Chmurska-Gasowska M., Trybus W., Trybus E., Kopacz-Bednarska A., Lis M.

Folia Biologica

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2018

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tom 66

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nr 1

19

Liver content of fatty acids and reproductive indices of carp in relation to level of dietary vitamin A

63%

Maletich M. B., Rivis J. F.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Zootechnica

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2015

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tom 14

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nr 3

20

Inheritance of orange pigmentation and scale pattern in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

63%

Bialowas H.

Archives of Polish Fisheries

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2004

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tom 12

|

nr 2

The aim of this study was to identify the type of genetic determination of orange pigmentation and scale pattern in carp. The parental fish used in the experiment were obtained from crossing two breeding strains, i.e., the Polish Starzawa S strain with scaled phenotype and normal pigmentation and the Hungarian strain C with mirror scale pattern and orange pigmentation. The mating of the two parental pairs resulted in four groups of F1offspring that were reared in ponds. It was observed that the two traits were inherited independently. Two pairs of alleles at two gene loci determined fish pigmentation. The orange fish were double recessive aacc homozygotes. All of the spawners used in the experiment were double heterozygotes with respect to color and scaliness SsnnAaCc.

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