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Chilled pork was stored in the controlled atmosphere (95% of N2 and 5% of 02) and In the air at the temperature of 275 K (TC) for the period of 28 days. The aim of the research presented in this paper was to determine the effect of those two methods of chilled pork preservation on its sense,y quai,ty. The results of the investigation show that pork stored in the air for 15 days and in the controlled atmosphere for 25 days was characterized by similar sensory quality (including aroma, juiciness and payability). It was found that the taste quality of meat stored in the controlled atmosphere tor 5-20 days was good. After 25 days of storage, negative changes were observed in the desirability of aroma, juiciness and payability ot pork. After 30 days, the properties evaluated improved.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the color of unpackaged and vacuum-packaged venison during storage. Color parameters L*, a* and b* were assessed in vacuum-packaged samples after 72, 144, 216, 288 and 360 h of storage, and in unpackaged samples – after 72, 144 and 216 h. The total change in color ΔE* in comparison with the color of fresh meat was determined. The results indicate that the storage of unpackaged venison has an adverse effect on color, giving it a darker, grayish hue. The most profound changes were observed after 144 and 216 h of storage. Vacuum packaging of venison minimizes color change and has a long-term stabilizing effect for up to 15 days.
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Somatic seeds of Plantago asiatica L.

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Somatic seeds of Plantago asiatica L. were produced for the first time. Shoot-tips isolated from in vitro obtained 4-week shoots were encapsulated using sodium alginate and calcium chloride. Capsules with or without sucrose and with and without cytokinin - indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) were used. Sucrose presence in capsules very distinctly influences somatic seeds of Plantago asiatica germination and their conversion into plants. However, addition of IBA to capsules has not clear influence on the ability of plant regrowth. Plantlets transplanted to soil grew to phenotypically normal plants.
The aim of this trial was to investigate the pre-harvest foliar application of calcium chloride and potassium thiosulfate each at 0.0, 0.2 and 0.4 % on some quality of tomato fruit (hybrid 65010) during cold storage. The experimental layout of cold storage experiments was a split-split-plot based on Randomized Complete Blocks design with three replications. Time of cold storage, calcium chloride and potassium thiosulfate levels were randomly distributed in the main, sub- and sub-sub plots, orderly. At the termination of cold storage, effect on tomato fruit titratable acidity, vitamin C and lycopene contents while, negative impact on firmness and total soluble sugars contents was obtained. At termination of cold storage, pre-harvest foliar calcium chloride at 0.2 and/or 0.4 % caused increments in fruit titratable acidity, vitamin C, total soluble sugars, lycopene and firmness contents. In addition, pre-harvest foliar potassium thiosulfate at 0.4 % enhanced fruit vitamin C, total soluble sugars, lycopene and firmness contents and also increased titratable acidity content. Generally, the interaction between cold storage × pre-harvest foliar calcium chloride or potassium thiosulfate at 0.2 and/or 0.4 % increased fruit total titratable acidity, vitamin C, total soluble sugars, lycopene and firmness contents. Also, the interaction between pre-harvest calcium chloride × potassium thiosulfate at 0.4 % was distinguished and increased all studied fruit quality at the end of cold storage. The interaction treatment of cold storage × calcium chloride at 0.4 % × potassium thiosulfate at 0.4 % was the best that improved fruit quality more than others.
The experiment was conducted on samples of the dorsal muscle (musculus longissimus dorsi), taken from 60 carcasses of fattening pigs with average live weight of ca. 110 kg, characterized by meat of normal quality. A total of 120 samples, each weighing ca. 500 g, were collected. They were divided into two groups and frozen according to a cryogenic-ventilation method (60 samples) and a ventilation method (60 samples). After 2 weeks, 6, 12 and 18 months of storage at a temperature of 245 K (-28°C), the samples were taken for laboratory analyses. It was confirmed that freezing of portioned pork according to the cryogenic-ventilation method allows prevention of excessive raw material loss during chilling, storing and thawing. After two weeks of cold storage, pork frozen in the cryogenic-ventilation system was characterized by higher pH, a slightly darker colour and better water-holding capacity than pork frozen in the ventilation system. During a long period of cold storage its pH decreased, the colour became lighter and the water-holding capacity decreased to a lower extent than in the samples frozen according to the ventilation method. An analysis of hydrolytic and oxidative changes in intramuscular lipids confirms that pork may be stored up to 18 months regardless of the freezing method employed.
The aim of the study was to analyse the influence of cold and frozen storage on the chemical content, hydration properties and texture parameters of horse meat. The material were samples of the longest dorsal muscle (m. longissimus dorsi) obtained from thirty six horse half-carcasses from individual farmers in south-eastern Poland. The horses were about 10-years-old and weighed 500-560 kg before slaughter. One set of samples was subjected to laboratory analyses 24 hours after slaughter. The remaining two sets were subjected to the process of air flow freezing. After freezing, the samples of horse meat were stored for 1 and 3 month periods at a temperature of –22°C. The influence of cold and frozen storage on the content of primary chemical composition was not statistically significant in the analysed raw material. Freezing and frozen storage of horse meat contributed significantly to an increase in acidity, darkening of colour and deterioration in hydration properties of the analysed raw material. The study showed a significant decrease in the values of texture parameters of horse meat (chewiness, resilience, hardness and springiness) which was stored in frozen conditions in comparison with the raw material stored in cold conditions.
This study was to discover if there is any relationship between antioxidant status after harvest and bioactives fate during apple storage. The clearer link in this issue concerned enzymatic part of antioxidant apparatus, for which the particularly high year effect was noted. Except for anthocyanins, non-enzymatic bioactives end-status was not strictly related to their harvest size. However the content during the first months of storage might be closely connected with antioxidant status measured after harvest. A significantly higher concentration of majority assessed antioxidants was characterized by apple harvested and stored in 2005/2006 season, on the average. Simultaneously many, statistically proved, correlations over storage between the examined antioxidants at that time existed. Total antioxidant power (FRAP assay) significantly increased after the first storage period, probably as a result of fruit acclimatory response to storage conditions, and next decreased. In general, changes of FRAP value reflected fluctuations of individual compounds measured in this study.
Shoot tips excised from shoot culture of Salvia officinalis were encapsulated in 2% or 3% (w/v) sodium alginate and exposed to 50 mM calcium chloride for complexation. Immediately or after 6, 12 or 24 weeks of storage at 4°C, the synthetic seeds were cultured for 6 weeks on half-strength MS medium supplemented with indole-3- acetic acid (IAA) (0.1 mg/l) and solidified with 0.7% agar. The frequency of shoot and root emergence from encapsulated shoot tips was affected by the concentrations of sodium alginate and additives in the gel matrix (sucrose, gibberellic acid, MS nutrient medium) as well as duration of storage. The frequency of shoot and root induction of non-stored synthetic seeds was highest with shoot tips encapsulated with 2% sodium alginate containing 1.5% sucrose and 0.5 mg/l gibberellic acid (GA3). Shoot tips maintained their viability and ability to develop shoots even after 24 weeks of storage when they were encapsulated in 3% alginate with 1/3 MS medium, sucrose (1.5%) and GA3 (0.25 mg/l). Root formation tended to decrease with storage time. Overall, 90% of the plantlets derived from stored and non-stored synthetic seeds survived in the greenhouse and grew to phenotypically normal plants. This procedure can enable the use of synthetic seed technology for germplasm conservation of S. officinalis, a plant species of high medical and commercial value.
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