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The purpose of the study was to determine subtypes of BHV1 strains isolated from cattle in Poland. In total five different strains of BHV1 were isolated during the last years. All isolates as well as four archival and two reference BHV1 strains were analysed by PCR and restriction enzyme analysis. Specificity of the strains was confirmed by PCR with primers complementary to the nucleotide sequence of gD gene. Subsequently, genomic DNA of the tested strains was digested with endonucleases Hind III and Hpa I. Restriction enzyme analysis revealed that all recently isolated BHV1 strains belonged to the BHV1.1 subtype. Among archival viruses, two strains had restriction pattern similar to the subtype BHV1.1 and two others to the subtype BHV1.2a. The presented study showed that currently subtype BHV1.1 is dominant in cattle population in Poland.
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Molecular basis of malignant hyperthermia

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Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a clinical syndrome in which genetically susceptible individuals respond to the administration of potent inhalation anaesthetics and depolarization skeletal muscle relaxants with skeletal rigidity, unstable blood pressure, tachycardia, arrhythmias, hyperventilation, hypoxia, lactic and respiratory acidosis and high fever. In studies of the genetic basis of MH, a mutation was identified in the porcine (C1843T) and human (C1840T) skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RYR1) gene. This gene is mapped on human chromosome 19q13.1. The RYR1 gene contains 106 exons, of which two arc alternatively spliced.
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Amplification of DNA from bovine herpesvirus type 1

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The aim of the study was to adapt PCR for detection of BHV 1 after in vitro multiplication. Primers were synthesised for a fragment of the gIV glycoprotein gene of the reference Cooper strain of BHV 1. Polish BHV 1 isolates obtained in the 1970s from bull semen were examined. A positive amplification occurred for the strains belonging to subtype BHV 1.2 and subtype BHV1.1. No amplification has occurred with the DNA of EHV 1 and Aujeszky’s disease virus, which confirmed the specificity of the primers used. The specificity of amplification was proved by digestion of the PCR products with Alu I, Ava I, Bgl I, and Hind III restriction enzymes. The electrophoretic pattern of the PCR products digested with these enzymes was in conformity with the restriction map of the amplified fragment.
A cross – sectional study of bovine, porcine and dog cysticercosis was carried out in Bukuru Plateau State Nigeria,in 2010 using Gyel Bukuru abattoir, Fwagul and Kuru trade centre slaughtering abattoir, as study areas. Two hundred and twenty-five samples were collected at random comprising of seventy-five samples each from cattle, dog and pig respectively, where twenty-five samples were taking for raw meat, cooked meat and feaces in relation to the sex of the animals examined. The overall prevalence rate of 28 (12.44 %) was recorded out of the total sample of 225. Raw meat records 10 (4.44 %), cooked meat record 7 (3.11 %) and feaces records 11 (4.98 %) infection rate. X2 analysis show no significant difference in the prevalence rate of cysticercus in meat and cyst in feaces of the examined animals (p > 0.05). There was no record of infection in cattle, both in beef and feaces in different sexes of the cattle examined, sex specific incidence rate obtained in both studies did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). The female animal studied had the highest infection rate of 17 (60.71 %).There was significant difference in tapeworms encountered with the meat and feaces examined (p < 0.05) Taenia solium had the highest infection rate of 14 (6.22 %), Dipylidium caninum had 12 (5.33 %) with the least infestatioin recorded in T. hydatigena 2 (0.89 %). Hence no record of T. saginata infection was encountered in the present study. However mixed infection was recorded in Dog with T. hydatigena & D. caninum.
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