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1

The winter bird community of rural areas in the proximity of cities: low density and rapid decrease in diversity

100%
Ciach M.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2012
|
tom 60
|
nr 1
The current problem in farmland ecology is the change in the character of rural development in areas neighbouring cities and towns. Progressive urbanization and the prediminance of housing estates over agricultural aims led to a change in the bird community. During 2005– 2010, a survey of birds wintering within densely populated built-up rural areas was conducted by the line transect method (a total length of 8 km). A total number of 33 species was recorded and the most numerous dominant was the House Sparrow Passer domesticus, which constituted 32–58% of the bird community. The group of dominants and subdominants (which constituted up to 20% of the bird community) included the Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella and the Rook Corvus frugilegus, and a group of forest and synanthropic species – the Great Tit Parus major, the Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus, the Blackbird Turdus merula, and the Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto. The total density varied in subsequent study years from 57.4 to 87.5 ind. 10 ha–1 and was approximately twice lower than in other rural regions studied in Poland. A significant decrease in the wintering birds’ diversity index was recorded through the study period. The explanations for this could be in the character of villages in the proximity of builtup city areas. This has rapidly changed in recent years, and nowadays agricultural management in the region is discarded. As a result, farmlands of the region almost entirely lost their agricultural character, notably becoming a residential and recreational backup for cities. The villages neighbouring cities and towns are developed into suburban- like areas, where housing estates predominate over agricultural aims. Future consequences of these changes are far-reaching for farmland biodiversity and ecology. The decrease in species diversity and evolution into urban-like bird communities is the most probable scenario.
2

Suitability of cultivation of some perennial plant species on sewage sludge

100%
Borkowska H., Jackowska I., Piotrowski J., Styk B.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2001
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tom 10
|
nr 5
In the years 1995-1998 an experiment with planting some perennial plant species on the sewage sludge purifying plant in Lublin was carried out. Since Ligustrum vulgare L. did not root, the studies were carried out on three species: Helianthus tuberosus L., Salix viminalis L. and Sida hermaphrodita R. During four years the number of Salix plants decreased, Helianthus plants showed the symptoms of damage and the Sida plants were a little weaker than in the field cultivation. The highest average stalk yields during the 4-year period were noted for Sida (6.85 t/ha of dry mass) and lowest for Salix (2.28 t/ha). Among the three species compared, Sida took up the highest amount of Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, Co, Fe and Cr in stalks. The 4-year experimental results unambiguously point to Sida hermaphrodita as a useful species to grow on sewage sludge.
3

The occurrence of aphids and their natural enemies on juniper shrubs in the area of Lublin

80%
Jaskiewicz B.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series: Horticulture
|
2003
|
tom 06
|
nr 1
4
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New forms of retail trade in large and small towns in Poland

80%
Adamowicz M., Zareba M.
Economic and Regional Studies
|
2015
|
tom 08
|
nr 4
5
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Oddziaływanie zabudowy na lokalne ruchy powietrza i ich wpływ na stężenie dwutlenku siarki w aglomeracji warszawskiej

80%
Lykowski B., Kleniewska M.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Architectura
|
2005
|
tom 04
|
nr 2
s.73-80,rys.,tab.,bibliogr.
6
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Variability of the general aspect of Polish lawn grass varieties on mineral soil with mechanically damaged upper layer

80%
Harkot W., Czarnecki Z.
Acta Agrophysica
|
2001
|
tom 51
Research carried out on mineral soil with mechanically damaged upper layer proved greater variability of general aspect between species than between varieties within a species. Among the investigated species, the following had higher general aspect values during the whole research period: Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, and Lolium perenne; while Agrostis capillaris and Agrostis canina had lower values. Significant differentiation of the general aspect evaluations were observed only in Festuca genera variations, whereas evaluations of the general aspect of variations within the rest of the species were close. Sowing time did not significantly affect di fferentiation in the evaluation of the general aspect of varieties in Agrostis, Poa, and Lolium genera. However, spring sowing positively affected the general aspect of the Festuca ovina varieties and the Terros variety (F. arundinacea).
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