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Two cases of triplet pregnancy in two thoroughbred mares, diagnosed 15 and 16 days after mating, are presented. In both cases supernumeraries of embryonic vesicles were manually reduced. In one mare the single, intact embryonic vesicle developed properly and the pregnancy terminated with the delivery of a healthy foal. In the second mare the single embryonic vesicle developed for 2 weeks and then between 2 and 6 weeks after the intervention the pregnancy was lost. Summing up, it should be emphasized that in mares there exists a real possibility to find more than two embryonic vesicles during pregnancy detection. The detection of triplet pregnancies in both thoroughbred mares confirms the predisposition of this breed to have multiple ovulations. As in twin pregnancies, supernumerary embryos may be reduced manually to a single pregnancy, which can continue to develop up to its term.
The aim of the research was to determine the influence of multiple pregnancy on delivery complications and calf mortality. The experiment was conducted on 6755 cows in which at least one multiple calving took place. Data came from the documentation of the Polish Federation of Cattle Breeders & Milk Producers and concerned calving type, sex structure of the newborn calves, as well as their perinatal mortality. The results of the investigation showed that twin pregnancies constituted over 99% of all multi pregnancies. In the fetal sex structure of twin pregnancies the share of heterosexual fetuses was the greatest (36.4%), whereas unisexual male the smallest (29.7%). Almost 75% of cows with multiple pregnancies needed some human assistance during the delivery. Difficult calvings occurred most often in the case of heterosexual pregnancy, and seldom in unisexual male fetation. The percentage of stillborn calves and the ones dead in the perinatal period amounted to 8.58% and was higher by 1.19% in bull calves than in heifer calves. The obtained results together with the large percentage of stillborn calves as well as those that died during the perinatal period indicate the decreasing profits from an increased amount of calves from multiple and twin pregnancies.
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