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Six consecutive enzooties of SVD in the years of 1973/1978 were described. The first enzooty involved almost the total number of pigs on a farm (approximately 3500 animals). In 8.4 per cent the disease many abortions at different stages of pregnancy were noted. Out of 296 pigs with nervous symptoms of the disease, 122 animals were treated by sedative drugs and cardiatic ones. In the cured group of animals, 53.3 per cent recovered compared with only one pig with the symptoms of cahexia out of 174 control animals. In the recovered animals the titres of seroneutralizing antibodies ranged from 80 to 160 through out the year. The same titres of antibodies were noted in piglets coming from convalescent sows. The convalescent pigs were resistant to natural and artificial infections with SVDV. The consecutive enzooties with SVDV were of mild course without nervous symptoms of the disease and concerned 0.3-1.0 per cent of pigs; no animal died.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2010
|
tom 66
|
nr 08
s.538-543,rys.,tab.,bibliogr.
A number of diseases have similar or identical clinical symptoms as does foot-and-mouth disease, including swine vesicular disease (SVD), vesicular stomatitis (VS), rinderpest (RP) and peste des petits ruminants (PPR). SVD is an acute, highly contagious viral disease of pigs caused by a virus belonging to the genus Enterovirus in the family Picornaviridae. VS is a vesicular disease of horses, cattle and pigs caused by vesiculoviruses of the family Rhabdoviridae. RP and PPR are acute viral diseases caused by the Morbillivirus genus within the family Paramyxoviridae. Classic descriptions of RP refer to it as a highly fatal disease of domestic cattle, buffaloes and yaks. PPR affects sheep and goats and occasionally small wild ruminants. Laboratory investigations are a key to their precise diagnosis. The most important data regarding these diseases are presented in this article.
Swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) is a member of the genus Enterovirus in the family Picornaviridae. This virus appears to have evolved from human coxsackievirus B5. Pigs infected with this virus show almost identical clinical signs to foot-and-mouth disease in pigs. Vesicular diseases must be differentiated with laboratory tests. The purpose of the study was to apply the isolation test in cell culture and RT-PCR assay for the detection of swine vesicular disease virus in the epithelial and fecal samples. Out of a total of 11 examined samples, 10 were found positive using these methods. The antigen ELISA was used for the confirmation of specificity of isolation assay. Primary piglet kidney cells and certain IB-RS-2 cells were a sensitive cell culture system for the detection of swine vesicular disease virus, whereas secondary lamb kidney cells not.
The aim of the studies was a comparison of the „liquid-phase” blocking ELISA (LPBE) and MAC-ELISA tests for the detection and quantification of antibodies to SVDV. The second assay is more specific and sensitive and a positive correlation (r=0.88) with the virus neutralisation test (VNT) was found. The overall relationship of reciprocal titres by the used assays showed that log 1.04 by MAC-ELISA was equivalent to log 2.4 by LPBE and log 1.65 by VNT. Variation in results obtained by triplicate testing of individual animals indicates a higher reproducibility of MAC-ELISA then the LPBE. Using MAC-ELISA we could verify the results of our previous assays performed by LPBE; the percentage of the seropositive animals was less than 0.1%. Taking into consideration the fact that Poland is free from SVD, we suppose that these false positive results are due to the presence in sera of unidentified pig enteroviruses. The MAC-ELISA is useful for the fact the estimation of the immunological status of tested animals.
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