Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Gangliosides in the repair of brain cholinergic neurons

100%

Oderfeld-Nowak B., Casamenti F., Pepeu G.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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1993

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tom 40

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nr 3

2

N-acetylaspartate in zinc exposed cholinergic SN56 neuroblastoma cells

75%

Zysk M., Ronowska A., Bielarczyk H., Szutowicz A.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2013

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tom 73

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nr 1

Cholinergic neurons of brain septum were found to be highly susceptible to neurodegenerative conditions. The sources of this particular sensitivity remain unclear. There is suggestion that their low resistance to cytotoxic conditions might be due to comprehensive consumption of acetyl-CoA. In cholinergic neurons the acetyl-CoA, except of intramitochondrial utilization for energy and NAA synthesis, serves as a precursor of acetycholine in their cytoplasmic compartment. The later pathway, present only in cholinergic neuronal cells, can cause temporary shortages of acetyl-CoA under cytotoxic conditions. The aim of our study was to investigate how these conditions affect N-acetylaspartate (NAA) synthesis as another acetylCoA consuming pathway in cholinergic SN56 neuroblastoma cells. These cells are recognized in vitro model of brain cholinergic neurons. Neurodegenerative conditions were induced by chronic exposition SN56 cells to zinc, a known excitotoxic agent. NAA in cholinergic neuroblastoma cells was assayed by HPLC preceded by one-dimension solid phase/ion exchange extraction. Levels of NAA in nondifferentiated (NC) and differentiated (DC) cells were equal to 70 and 56 nmol/mg protein, whereas rates of its release were 21.6 and 20.5 nmol/h/mg protein. Levels of acetyl-CoA and activities of choline acetyltransferase in NC and DC were equal to 29.5 and 23.8 pmol/mg of protein and to 0.106 and 0.232 nmol/min/ mg of protein, respectively. It indicates that 20% decrease of acetylCoA level in DC was caused by its increased utilization for acetylcholine synthesis. Zinc inhibited TCA cycle enzymes and pyruvate dehydrogenase activities at [IC50] values well below 0.10 mmol/L. Despite of that zinc concentrations up to 125 µM increased levels of acetyl-CoA and NAA both in DC and NC by 94 and 57% and by 27% and 22%, respectively. However, 0.175 mmol/L Zn resulted in impairment of 27 and 36% of NC and DC, as measured by lactate dehydrogenase release, respectively. In these conditions levels of acetyl-CoA in NC and DC were decreased by 68% and 45%, respectively. NAA levels were also suppressed by 63% and 51%, respectively. These data indicate the existence of significant, although differential interrelationships between rates of acetyl-CoA synthesis in mitochondria of cholinergic neurons and its utilization for NAA and acetylcholine synthesis. Increased acetylcholine synthesis may contribute to greater susceptibility of cholinergic neurons to cytotoxic conditions. On the other hand, NAA synthesis may not be a factor decreasing availability of acetyl-CoA in neurons with high expression of cholinergic phenotype. Its alterations seem to be secondary to respective shifts in acetyl-CoA levels. Supported by project IP2010035370 Ministry of Science and Higher Education.

3

Distribution and morphology of ChAT- and VAChT-immunoreactive neurons in the tuberal hypothalamus of the pig

63%

Calka J., Juranek J., Wasowicz K., Kaleczyc J., Lakomy M.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2007

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tom 63

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nr 04

412-415

Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) are currently accepted specific markers for cholinergic neurons. Current knowledge concerning the organization of the hypothalamic cholinergic system has been derived predominantly from laboratory animals. In the present study, applying immunocytochemistry the authors investigated the morphology and distribution of the ChAT- and VAChT-immunoreactive nerve cells and terminals in the porcine hypothalamic preoptic, supraoptic and tuberal nuclei. ChAT-immunoreactive perikarya were present in the tuberal arcuate nucleus. Numerous VAChT- -positive terminals were found in the external layer of the median eminence, while perikarya occupied the perifornical, dorso-caudal and dorsal hypothalamic nuclei. These results provide morphological indications that the cholinergic hypothalamic system may affect the secretory function of the median eminence in pigs.

4

Does senile impairment of cholinergic system in rats concern only disturbances in cholinergic phenotype or the progressive degeneration of neuronal cell bodies?

63%

Niewiadomska G., Wyrzykowska J., Chechlacz M.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2000

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tom 47

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nr 2

The trophic effect of continuous intraventricular infusion of nerve growth factor (NGF) on morphology of the basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic neurons was tested in 4- and 28-month-old male Wistar rats. All studies were conducted using behaviorally uncharacterized animals from the same breeding colony. Immunohistochemical procedure for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and p75NTR receptor has been applied to identify cholinergic cells in the structures of basal forebrain (BF). Using a quantitative image analyzer, morphometric and densitometric parameters of ChAT- and p75NTR-positive cells were measured immediately after cessation of NGF infusion. In 28-month-old non-treated rats the number of intensively ChAT-positive cells in all forebrain structures was reduced by 50-70% as compared with young animals. The remaining ChAT-positive cells appeared shrunken and the neuropil staining was markedly reduced. In contrast, the same neurons when stained for p75NTR were numerous and distinctly visible with perfect morphology. Analysis of Nissl stained sections also showed that 28-month-old rats did not display significant losses of neuronal cell bodies. NGF restored the number of intensely stained ChAT-positive cells to about 90% of that for young controls and caused a significant increase in size of those cells in 28-month-old rats as compared with the control, age-matched group. NGF did not influence the morphology of p75NTR-positive neurons, which were well labeled, irrespective of treatment and age of the rats. In 4-month-old rats, NGF infusion decreased the intensity of both ChAT and p75NTR immunostaining. These data provide some evidence for preservation of BF cholinergic neurons from atrophy during aging and indicate that senile impairment of the cholinergic system in rats concerns decrease in ChAT-protein expression rather than an acute degeneration of neuronal cell bodies. Treatment with NGF resulted in restoration of cholinergic phenotype in the BF neurons of aged rats. However, the present study also rises issue of possible detrimental effects of NGF in young normal animals.

5

Axonal accumulation of p75NTR and TrkA in the septum following lesion of septo-hippocampal pathways

63%

Skup M., Bacia A., Koczyk D., Jeglinski W., Zaremba M., Oderfeld-Nowak B.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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1996

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tom 56

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nr 2

6

The central histamine level in rat model of vascular dementia

51%

Stasiak A., Mussur M., Unzeta M., Lazewska D., Kiec-Kononowicz K., Fogel W. A.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

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2011

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tom 62

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nr 5

7

Immunohistochemical characterisation of cholinergic neurons in the anterior pelvic ganglion of the male pig

51%

Kaleczyc J., Wasowicz K., Klimczuk M., Czaja K., Lakomy M.

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica

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2003

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tom 41

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nr 2

8

Expression of astroglial nerve growth factor in damaged brain

51%

Oderfeld-Nowak B., Bacia A.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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1994

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tom 54

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nr 2

9

Disturbances of acetyl-CoA, energy and acetylcholine metabolism in some encephalopathies

51%

Szutowicz A., Tomaszewicz M., Bielarczyk H.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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1996

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tom 56

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nr 1

Ograniczanie wyników

Gangliosides in the repair of brain cholinergic neurons

N-acetylaspartate in zinc exposed cholinergic SN56 neuroblastoma cells

Distribution and morphology of ChAT- and VAChT-immunoreactive neurons in the tuberal hypothalamus of the pig

Does senile impairment of cholinergic system in rats concern only disturbances in cholinergic phenotype or the progressive degeneration of neuronal cell bodies?

Axonal accumulation of p75NTR and TrkA in the septum following lesion of septo-hippocampal pathways

The central histamine level in rat model of vascular dementia

Immunohistochemical characterisation of cholinergic neurons in the anterior pelvic ganglion of the male pig

Expression of astroglial nerve growth factor in damaged brain

Disturbances of acetyl-CoA, energy and acetylcholine metabolism in some encephalopathies