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The knowledge of branching and variations of the coeliac artery is clinically important, especially in the surgical operations and non-surgical treatments. Moreover, the chinchillas abdominal region have been used as a model in some surgical experimental researches. In this frame, we have aimed to explain the branching of this artery in the chinchillas detailedly. A total of 10 adult, healthy, male chinchillas (chinchilla lanigera) were used to investigate the origin and the course of the coeliac artery and its branches. Coloured latex was injected into the carotid arteries, following conventional anatomical applications. The results indicated that the coeliac artery was divided into 4 branches such as left gastric artery, hepatic artery, splenic artery and gastrolienal artery. The left gastric artery was a continuity of the coeliac artery and the main vessel of the stomach. The hepatic artery was divided into the left lateral branch, the left medial branch and the right branch. The splenic artery was covered by the pancreas tissue and sent branches to the pancreas. The gastrolienal artery was supplying the fundus of the stomach and the dorsal extremity of the spleen. We believe that the findings will be of help to the researchers interested in the anatomical area, surgeons and experimental researches. (Folia Morphol 2013; 72, 3: 258–262)
The aim of this study was to determine the amount of water intake of the chinchilla in a day and to check whether addition of herbal formula with an intense aroma and sweet taste to the water will affect the amount of water intake. Based on our experience it can be concluded that there are large differences in daily water intake between individuals in the sample and individual differentiation is the only factor that influenced the occurrence of differences. Other factors such as gender or provision of hay, did not affect significantly (statistically significant) on water intake. Experience has shown that there are highly significant differences in the consumption of water by the same animals before and after addition of the herbal preparation with a sweet taste. However, the addition of compounds, or drugs in the water requires the prior observation of the animal and determine the quantity of water consumed by it, due to the large differences between individuals. The study, which would give the answer if we should continue researching whether the sex, weight, age or other factors can affect the intake of the water by the chinchilla.
The purpose of this study was to trace the immunoreactivity of the two calcium binding proteins, parvalbumin and calbindin D28k, in the periaqueductal gray matter of the chinchilla midbrain. The immunoreactivity of these proteins in this species has never been investigated. The localisation of the activity was examined by carrying out the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) reaction using specific antibodies against parvalbumin and calbindin D28k. Slightly different parvalbumin immunoreactivity was shown. In most neurons, with the exception of large neurons in the dorsal and dorso-lateral periaqueductal gray matter, a weak immunostaining for parvalbumin was observed. Extremely intense immunostaining for calbindin D28k occurred in all neurons in the examined area. The results obtained suggest a slightly different distribution of parvalbumin in the neurons of the periaqueductal gray matter of the midbrain of the chinchilla than in other animal species. This indicates that mainly calbindin D28k is involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium ion concentration in the periaqueductal gray matter of the chinchilla.
The aim of the work was to assess the phenotypic value of conformation of standard chinchillas depending on their age groups. The research embraced a population of chinchillas (1986 individuals including: 1231 females and 755 males) from the breeding farm in the kujawsko-pomorskie voivodship within the years 2003-2010. Analyzed features included: animal size, color type, color purity, fur quality, belly-belt and total score achieved for the features mentioned above. Animals were divided into three age groups: I - up to 6 months, II - between 7 and 10 months, III - over 11 months. As a result of the research it has been shown that the most stabilized features on the assessed farm were: animal size (71% of the population presented max. evaluation 4 pt.) and belly-belt (80% of the population presented max. evaluation 3 pt.). It has been pointed out that the older the animal was the higher score it obtained during the license evaluation. Other features obtained lower scores than the possible maximum, which proves that the special attention should be paid while conducting further breeding work on the considered farms.
Ectopic pregnancy has been described in humans and different animal species, among them in pet, farm and laboratory animals. This phenomenon is also known in rodents; in chinchilla, however, it is recognized only sporadically. In the present case a 5-year-old female chinchilla was brought to the clinic because of prolonged gestation. During clinical examination the poor health of the animal was determined, including anorexia, lethargy and apathy. An enlarged abdomen was also visible. Ultrasound examination of the abdomen revealed the spherical structure of non-homogenous echogenity with hyperechogenic areas typical for bone tissue. The X-ray examination showed a mineralized fetal skeleton. A dead fetus was identified. Ventral midline laparotomy was performed under general anesthesia using medetomidine, butorphanol and ketamine. In the abdominal cavity an encapsulated spherical mass without connection to surrounding internal organs was found. A significant volume of dense puss and a developed dead fetus were removed from the body. The uterus seemed to be intact, without visible damage. The body weight of the animal was 918 g before surgery, and 517 g afterwards. The fetus’s prenatal status was suspected. It appeared to be initially developed inside the uterus and later came out due to uterus rupture into the abdominal cavity where it was encapsulated in the following period. Seven months after the surgery the next pregnancy was diagnosed. The presented case has confirmed the possibility of ectopic pregnancy in this animal species with the ability of fertility afterwards.
Young chinchillas weight gain, depending on their body mass at birth. The aim of the study was to determine if the results of raising and growth for up to 4th months of age in chinchilla depends on body weight and the litter size at birth. There were also attempts to answer the question, when sexual dimorphism begins to be visible in young chinchillas. Males are heavier females from the first month of life in chinchilla, however up to the 4th months of age the differences are not statistically significant. During the study it was found, that young chinchillas mortality depends on their body weight at birth. When the body weight at birth is higher, the greater chances of survival of the young are. Number of puppies in the litter affects their body weight: the more young per litter are, the less average body weight is.
The aim of this research is to analyse the changeability of features in chinchillas (Chinchilla veligera M.) according to the animals' country of origin, sex and the year of evaluation. The research was based on the data taken from the breeding farm within the four-year period (1995-1998). In 1998 there were about 60 females of the basic herd. The breeding was conducted in polygamous system (1 male and 4 females).
The studies were undertaken in order to analyse radiologically bone structures of the maxilla and mandibula, including the teeth in chinchillas that show pathological overgrowth of the incisor and molar teeth. The analysis included 10 sick and 10 healthy animals, whose skulls were post-mortem dissected and compared. The X-ray pictures were examined for significant elements of the bone structure: shape and saturation of incisor and molar teeth, shape, saturation, and thickness of cranial sutures, as well as the evenness of the intensity of the symptoms. The structure of the incisor teeth revealed excessive tissue mineralisation. The tooth canal was invisible, which may indicate fibrosis of the pulp. The cutting edges exhibited excessive mineralisation, which implied a lack of abrasion. The pulp growth cone was invisible. The shape of the upper incisor was altered and semicircular, this prevented contact between the edges of the opposing teeth. The surface structure of the molars was considerably saturated with invisible dental pulp, which may imply fibrosis. The roots of the teeth were distended and flask-like in shape, and considerably saturated. The visible excessive mineralisation in all the molar teeth implied a general process of osteosclerosis.
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