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The results of experimental and mathematical modelling of simultaneous carbonization, nitrification and denitriiication processes in an industrial wastewater treatment plant are presented. Simplified dynamic mathematical models based on organic and nitrogen substrates, autotrophic and heterotrophic biomass material balances for complete-mixing and tank-in-series hydraulic regimes and Monod-type kinetics were developed. These models were verified by using experimental data obtained in laboratory tank-in-seres equipment with high internal recirculation flow as well as by application of the real Carriousel plant data. The influence of unsteady-state conditions on selected process kinetic parameters was also studied in this work. The process dynamic behaviour in the lab-scale tank-in-series equipment was modelled by step shock loading of the substrate concentration.
This study was aimed for removal of phenol from water using activated carbon synthesize from avocado kernel seeds by adsorption onto it. For adsorption process cleaned and washed avocado kernel seeds (Persea americana) were dried at 100°C in an oven overnight and carbonization was carried out by increasing the furnace temperature at a rate of 5 °C/min to a final temperature of 800 °C for 160 minutes. Then, the activated carbon was powdered and sieved, washed with distilled water until the solution pH reached 7.0. Optimization of activated carbon was performed through effects of solution pH, contact time; initial phenol concentration and temperature of the adsorption. The kinetic studies of the adsorption process were achieved by verifying various models and the data obtained was best fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The isotherms models were analyzed with Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin to validate the adsorption process. It was found that Langmuir model was best fitted to the obtained result for both adsorbents.
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