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Manufacturing of activated carbon using disposable coconut shells

100%

Aluvihara S., Kalpage C. S., Bandaranayake P. W. S. K.

World News of Natural Sciences

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2020

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tom 31

2

Ochistka stochnykh vod promyshlennykh predprijatijj ot poverkhnostno-aktivnykh veshhestv

86%

Ehpojan S., Shtonda J., Zubko A., Shaljapin S., Shaljapina T., Shtonda I.

Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa

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2015

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tom 17

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nr 6

3

Numerical study of integrated pollutant control equipment with activated carbon absorbers

86%

Hao X., Chao X., Zhao Y.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2014

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tom 23

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nr 1

Novel pollutant control equipment, which were called integrated pollutant control equipment, consisted of bag filters and activated carbon (AC) absorbers. The AC absorbers were put forward to absorb the additional pollutants between the old and new emission standards to satisfy Chinese emission standards. The absorbers could be fixed (mobile) bed, annular column, or fluidized bed. The numerical method was employed to simulate the inner flow fields in the integrated equipment. The results show that annular column absorbers can make the flow field more uniform than the others, but its absorption duration has to be discussed. The mobile bed and the annular column absorbers are recommended. The fluidized bed absorber can be applied only if strong heat and mass transfer during absorbtion are needed.

4

Elimination of polyethylene glycol from aqueous solution using activated carbon

86%

Gajdos L., Pietrelli L., Ciccarello A., Derco J.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2007

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tom 16

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nr 3

385-388

The present study looks at the adsorption of polyethylene glycol onto activated carbon with the different molecular weight. The amount of PEG adsorbed on activated carbon depends on temperatures and pH. The adsorption capacities were determined through the adsorption isotherms. The results of the adsorption isotherm and kinetic studies show that the adsorption process can be well described with the Langmuir model. After linearization of the Arrhenius equation the activated energy had been estimated.

5

Carbon synthetized by RF PACVD method enhances the activity of antioxidants

86%

Niemiec T., Szmidt M., Kruk-Roszkowska A., Sawosz-Chwalibog E., Mitura K.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Animal Science

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2013

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tom 52

The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the reductive activity of antioxidants in the presence of carbon manufactured by Radio Frequency Plasma Activated Chemical Vapor Deposition method (RF PACVD). 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method was employed to estimate antioxidants reductive potential. Based on the experimental results, the antioxidant activity of carbon colloid was not confirmed. Nevertheless the reductive activity of antioxidants measured in time manner, in the presence of carbon, was significantly elevated comparing to the antioxidants alone. The presented results suggest that the surface of carbon syn-thetized by RF PACVD method suspended in water, creates more friendly reductive environment for antioxidants with hydroxyl groups (ascorbic acid - AA and butylated hydroxyanisole - BHA) then with sulfhydryl groups (glutathione - GSH).

6

Loss-on-ignition as an estimate of total organic carbon in the mountain soils

86%

Bojko O., Kabala C.

Polish Journal of Soil Science

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2014

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tom 47

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nr 2

Due to the ease and low cost of implementation, a commonly used method of determining the humus content in soils is the loss-on-ignition (LOI) method. Several regression equations and transformation factors are reported for LOI conversion to soil organic matter (SOM) or total organic carbon (TOC) content. The vast majority of the conversion factors have been developed for surface horizons of lowland soils, while there are only few findings from the mountainous areas. 476 mineral and 79 organic (forest litter) samples from 31 soil profiles located in different altitude zones of the Karkonosze Mountains and under different vegetation were used for analysis. LOI was determined by the drying-weighing method and TOC by the dry combustion method with CO₂ absorption. The average LOI/TOC ratio was about 2, but varied in accordance to LOI value. At the LOI value above 8–10%, the LOI/TOC is maintained at a constant level of 2.0, but with a decreasing LOI it may significantly extend, up to 20 at LOI <1%. In the mountain soils, the best compatibility of TOC determined and estimated based on LOI was obtained when using different conversion factors ( 7.3, 5.0, 3.1 and 2.0) for the four LOI ranges (0–2, 2–4, 4–8, and > 8%, respectively) or when using separate regression equations for LOI of <8 and >8%. Because of huge TOC overestimation by LOI method at LOI values lower than 8–10%, the conversion LOI to TOC is not recommended, unless the direct measurement of TOC content is currently unavailable (e.g. in archival databases).1

7

Carbon and nitrogen removal by biomass immobilized in ceramic carriers

86%

Wojnowska-Baryla I., Zielinska M.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2002

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tom 11

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nr 5

This experiment was conducted in a bioreactor with biomass immobilized in ceramic carriers. The influence of hydraulic retention time (HRT), carrier structure and intrinsic circulation rate on carbon and nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater were investigated. Two types of ceramic carriers were used at HRT 70, 60, 40, 30 min for carrier I, and 70, 60, 30, 15 min for carrier II, and at the circulation rate of 60, 40 and 20 dm3·h-1. The highest nitrogen removal efficiency was achieved in carrier II at 30 min of reaction. The carbon removal efficiency was similar for both carriers. An increase in internal circulation rate from 20 to 60 dm3·h-1 enhanced nitrogen removal efficiency from 33.0 to 47.2% and decreased in the production of surplus sludge in carrier II.

8

Comparative estimations of the energy content of Enteromorpha spp. using different methods

86%

Haroon A. M., Szaniawska A.

Oceanologia

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1996

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tom 38

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nr 3

9

New aminophosphonates - an assessment of their biological activity

86%

Bonarska D., Bielecki K., Dziamska A., Gancarz R., Grzys E., Kleszczynska H., Trela Z., Sarapuk J.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2002

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tom 07

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nr Suppl.

10

Content of carbon, nitrogen and selected heavy metals in composts

86%

Gondek K.

Journal of Elementology

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2007

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tom 12

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nr 1

Chemical composition of composts depends on a number of factors, including a type of composted waste and composting technology. This study was conducted to determine concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and selected heavy metals in composts manufactured from various waste substances and using different technologies. Organic carbon content in the composts depended on a type of composted waste - the smallest quantities were found in the compost of municipal waste. Organic matter transformations occurring during composting probably led to a systematic decline of the soluble organic compound amounts. The share of soluble carbon in the total concentration did not exceed 35% of the analysed composts. The composts based on plant waste were more abundant in nitrogen and the share of nitrogen extracted with sodium pyrophosphate and sodium base did not exceed 40%. Analysis of fractional composition of humus compounds of the composts revealed higher content of humic acid carbon in relation to fulvic acid carbon. The proportion of non-hydrolysing carbon in these materials was on average over 70%. The content of the most mobile heavy metal forms in the composts was low and implied that these elements occurred in a form less available to plants.

11

Peroxidation of proteins by free radicals and its consequences to living organisms

86%

Gebicki S., Bartosz G., Gebicki J. M.

Current Topics in Biophysics

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1994

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tom 18

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nr 2

12

Preparation of carbon and carbon-mineral adsorbents and their application in technique, environmental protection and chemical analysis

86%

Gierak A.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1997

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tom 06

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nr 3

This reviev describes the methods of preparation of carbon and carbon-mineral adsorbents by carbonization of different organic materials. The methods of carbon preparation were subdivided into two groups: preparation of sorbents on a large industrial scale, and for laboratory (chromatographic and adsorption) purposes. It also demonstrates the specific properties of some carbon adsorbents as well as the possibilities of their utilization for the purposes of environmental protection (sorption of organic pollutants from water wastes) and for analytical purposes especially for gas (GC) and liquid (HPLC) chromatography. This article also shows some possibilities (e.g. consumed catalysts, sorbents used in food and paper industries, from removal of oil from waste waters, etc.) of preparing different, mainly carbon-mineral adsorbents.

13

Use of stable isotopes to delineate amphipod trophic status in Antarctic food webs

86%

Nyssen F., Brey T., Lepoint G., Bouquegneau J. M., De Broyer C., Dauby P.

Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii

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2000

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tom 47

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nr 3-4

14

Importance of bacteria and protozooplankton for faecal pellet degradation

72%

Morata N., Seuthe L.

Oceanologia

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2014

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tom 56

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nr 3

15

Soil C:P ratio along elevational gradients in Picea schrenkiana forest of Tianshan Mountains

72%

Cao Y., Wang Y., Xu Z.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2018

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tom 66

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nr 4

Forest soils potentially store a large pool of carbon and phosphorus. A deep understanding of the total carbon and phosphorus stock in forest soils is vital in the assessment of the nutrients dynamics in forest ecosystems. This study examined the effects of elevation, soil depth, and climatic variables, specifically mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP), on soil carbon and organic phosphorus in Schrenk's spruce (Picea schrenkiana) forest at Tianshan Mountains. Results showed that soil organic carbon (SOC) significantly increased while organic phosphorus decreased with elevation. Interestingly, carbon increased faster with increasing elevation in the alluvial horizon than in the leached horizon, demonstrating the important role of deep soils in carbon sequestration potential. SOC concentration decreased with soil depth, whereas phosphorus concentration initially decreased and then increased. SOC had no significant relationships with MAT and MAP, whereas phosphorus concentration decreased with MAT. Similar to the impacts of MAT and MAP on SOC, these two climatic variables also exerted no significant influence on C:P ratio.

16

Properties of forest soils under Vaccinio uliginosi-Betuletum pubescentis and Empetro nigri-pinetum in the Slovinski National Park

72%

Trojanowski J., Parzych A.

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline

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2011

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tom 15

The study on properties of proper podzol soils was carried out in two different forest ecosystems: Vaccinio uliginosi-Betuletum pubescentis and Empetro nigri-Pinetum in the Slovinski National Park (17o15΄E, 54o44΄N). Analysed soils are acid and strongly acid, with soil pH decreasing with the depth of the genetic soil horizon. Average soil moisture content is significantly related with contents of organic matter and volumetric density. This is confirmed by means and high values of Spearman’s correlation coefficient, amounting to R=0.72 (p<0.05, n=50) in the genetic profile of Vaccinio uliginosi-Betuletum pubescentis and R=0.83 (p<0.05, n=50) in the Empetro nigri-Pinetum oraz -0.42 (p<0.05, n=50, Vaccinio uliginosi-Betuletum pubescentis) and -0.73 (p<0.05, n=50, Empetro nigri-Pinetum). Maximum contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon were observed in mineral peat soil of Vaccinio uliginosi-Betuletum pubescentis and in upper organic levels of the analysed soil profiles. This is a very important source of biogenic elements, especially for stands, providing a better supply of biogens for forest plants.

17

Effect of composted sewage sludge on the rate of C, N and P mineralization in sandy soil

72%

Jakubus M., Graczyk M.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Environmental Development

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2016

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tom 19

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nr 4

18

Carbon nanoparticles as transporters of melittin to glioma grade IV U87 cells in in vitro model

72%

Biniecka P., Jaworski S., Bugajska Z., Daniluk K.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Animal Science

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2017

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tom 56[1]

Carbon nanoparticles as transporters of melittin to glioma cells in in vitro model.Substances derived from nature have natural cytotoxic properties, melittin, the main component of bee venom is one of them. It has the ability to destroy any lipid bilayer, therefore to be used in a cancer treatment it needs to be targeted. The aim is to create the drug delivery system, which would efficiently deliver the active substance to glioma cells. Carbon nanoparticles are considered to be a good agent in biomedical applications, due to their biocompatibility and small sizes. In this study five types of nanoparticles were used: pristine graphene (GN), nanographene oxide (nGO), graphite (G), nanodiamond (UDD) and hierarchical nanoporous carbons (HNCs) to target the melittin to cancer cells. The visualization of the drug delivery complexes of melittin and nanoparticles was done with transmission electron microscopy, the influence of the complexes on cell morphology and structure was pictured with scanning electron microscope. Moreover, in order to check the viability of the cells treated with melittin and the complexes of melittin and nanoparticles the PrestoBlueTM assay was done, also to specify the way of the cell death the annexin V/PI assay was carried out. The results indicate that various nanoparticles behave differently in a complex with melittin. The UDD, GN and nGO nanoparticles resulted in higher mortality than the melittin itself. Creating and applying such complexes of melittin with nanoparticles in glioma cancer treatment may be a promising solution in the therapy.

19

Carbon and nitrogen and their elemental and isotopic ratios in the bottom sediment of the Solina-Myczkowce complex of reservoirs

72%

Koszelnik P., Tomaszek J. A., Gruca-Rokosz R.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2008

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tom 37

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nr 3

71-78

20

Tracing the signature of various frontal systems in stable isotopes (oxygen and carbon) of the planktonic foraminiferal species Globigerina bulloides in the Southern Ocean (Indian Sector)

72%

Khare N., Chaturvedi S. K.

Oceanologia

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2012

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tom 54

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nr 2

Twenty-five surficial sediment samples, collected on board ORV Sagar Kanya during her 199th and 200th cruises along a north-south transect between latitudes 9.69◦N and 55.01◦S, and longitudes 80◦E and 40◦ E were studied for isotopic variations (values of δ18O and δ13C) of the indicator planktonic species Globigerina bulloides. The results indicate that from latitudes 9.69◦N to 15◦ S both these isotopes (δ18O and δ13C) fluctuated significantly. Between latitudes from around 15◦S to 30–35◦S δ18O values steadily increased, whereas δ13C showed a decreasing trend. However, to the south of latitudes 30–35◦S, both isotope values showed a similar response with a gradual increase up to latitude 50◦S, beyond which δ18O continued to increase while δ13C declined. The characteristic patterns of the values of both isotopes indicates that the signatures of different water masses are associated with various frontal systems and/or water masses across the transect. The signature of the Polar Front at around latitude 50◦S shows the specific response of the isotopic values (δ18O and δ13C) of G. bulloides. Such a response beyond 50◦S latitude is ascribable to the general decrease in the ambient temperature, resulting in a continuous increase in δ18O values, while δ13C values decrease as a result of reduced photosynthesis in regions approaching higher latitudes owing to low light penetration. To further corroborate our results, those of many such transects from geographically distinct regions need to be studied for isotopic variations in the calcareous shells of planktonic foraminiferal species. The results have the potential to be used as a proxy to assess the movement of frontal systems in southern high latitude regions.

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