Wyniki wyszukiwania - AGRO

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Effect of culture medium and illumination on the acid invertase activity in callus of Medicago strasseri

100%

Medina M., Villalobos N., De La Cruz P. J., Dorado A., Guerra H.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1999

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tom 21

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nr 2

The different acid invertase activity (total, soluble, wall-bound and extracellular) in calli induced on explants (cotyledon, petiole, hypocotyl and leaf) originated from Medicago strasseri seedlings were evaluated. In cultures subjected to 16 h photoperiod, the highest total, soluble and extracellular activities were found in calli from leaves cultured in medium 12 (MS with 0.01 mg·dm⁻³ (0.045 µM) of TDZ), elevated amounts of total and wall-bound invertase being found in calli induced on petioles in 12G medium (MS with 0.01 mg·dm⁻³ (0.045 µM) TDZ and 3.104 mg·dm⁻³ glycerol). In cultures maintained in darkness, the activity detected was lower than that observed in cultures under light conditions. The highest amounts of enzyme was bound in calli cultured on medium 12 (total and extracellular invertase) -leaves- and medium 12D (MS with 0.001 mg·dm⁻³ (0.0045 µM) TDZ) (soluble invertase) -using hypocotyls. In general, the different forms of invertase activity studied seem to appear in greatest amounts in calli induced under light conditions using leaves as explant and TDZ as growth regulator.

2

Cucurbita pepo L. var. patisoniana Greb. f. radiata Nois cultured in vitro. III. Influence of NAA and zeatin on cucurbitacins synthesis in Callus

86%

Nowak K., Rzepa J., Sajewicz M., Luczynska L.

Acta Biologica Silesiana

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1990

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tom 14

3

Somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis: Where do we go from here?

86%

Raghavan V.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica. Supplement

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2005

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tom 47

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nr 1

4

Regeneration of plantlets and tetraploidy induction in Pseudostellaria heterophylla

86%

Ye Z., Wang Y. Y., Tian H. Q.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2009

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tom 51

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nr 2

13-18

This study was aimed at developing an efficient protocol for regeneration of Pseudostellaria heterophylla plantlets and induction of polyploidy. Calli of P. heterophylla (Miq) from stems, leaves and buds as explants could not differentiate into plantlets. However, young embryo segments used as primary explants produced embryonic calli on MS medium containing 5.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L KT. After the embryonic calli with granular protuberances were transferred to MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L BA, they developed shoots and then rooted to form plantlets. Polyploidy was induced when embryonic calli were placed in liquid MS medium containing 0.5% colchicine for 4 days, followed by culturing in solid medium to induce differentiation. Polyploidy was identified by the number of chromosomes and the size of plantlet stomata. The tetraploid plantlets produced larger root tubers than the diploid plantlets.

5

Somatic embryogenesis of Cyclamen persicum Mill.in seedlings culture

86%

Bach A., Malik M.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica et Zoologia. Supplement

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1997

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tom 39

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nr 1

6

The influence of phytohormones on the properties of wheat phospholipid monolayers at the water-air interface

86%

Filek M., Gzyl B., Dudek A.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2003

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tom 08

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nr 3

The surface behaviour of monolayers of wheat phospholipids in the presence of phytohormones introduced into the water phase was studied using Langmuir’s method. The phospholipids were extracted from the plasmalemma of non-embryogenic (NE) and embryogenic (E) calli initiated from two types of explant: immature inflorescences (inf) and embryos (emb). The surface properties were investigated in model systems of monolayers of mixed phospholipids with: 1) natural amphiphile composition (PL); 2) a determined hydrophobic part (16:0) and the natural percentage composition of the hydrophilic part (PPL); and 3) a determined hydrophilic part (PC) and the natural percentage composition of the hydrophobic part (HPL). The lower limit values of the molecular area (Alim) were observed for NE rather than for E monolayers in all the investigated systems (PL, PPL and HPL). The collapse pressure (πcoll) of the monolayer decreased in the order PPL>PL>HPL, indicating the high stability of monolayers containing saturated hydrocarbon chains. The injection of non-surface-active phytohormones into the water subphase and the subsequent formation of natural and also artificial phospholipid monolayers of E and NE causes a decrease in monolayer stability against collapse and molecular close packing. As a result of their amphipathic (hydrophilic-hydrophobic) structure, the surface properties of E phospholipids are probably optimal for these systems. The decreasing stability of the NE monolayer caused by the presence of the phytohormone seems to be advantageous in terms of membrane preparation for the differentiation process. All the investigated lipid monolayers (highly) stimulated the adsorption of indole-3-acetic acid (to the highest extent/degree) (among the examined phytohormones) from the subphase. Zearalenone had a significant influence on the surface properties of NE PPL and NE HPL monolayers. This may be connected with the ability of this phytohormone to affect the non-embryogenic structure of wheat. An anomalous temperature effect was observed in the presence of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the bulk; phospholipid monolayers of embryogenic calli induced from embryos (E emb) when the temperature decreased from 25 to 15°C. This phenomenon is ascribed to the dehydration of the polar groups in the monolayer.

7

Morphogenesis of tomato callus cultures infected with the cucumber mosaic virus [CMV]

86%

Hanus-Fajerska E.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1997

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tom 19

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nr 2

8

Growth characteristic and ion contents of rice callus under the influence of NaCl and hydroxyproline

86%

Chauhan V., Prathapasenan G.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2000

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tom 22

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nr 1

9

Endosperm culture of Actinidia species

86%

Machno D., Przywara L.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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1997

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tom 39

Callus was successfully induced from the mature endosperm of three Actinidia species: A. arguta, A. deliciosa var. deliciosa (kiwifruit) and A. kolomikta. For the initiation of callus, MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (2 or 4 mg/l) and kinetin (5 mg/l) was used. Transfer of the callus to medium containing IAA (0.1 mg/l) and BAP (1 mg/l) resulted in the formation of roots in approximately 40% of the endosperm explants of A. deliciosa. The callus, initially yellow-white, turned green when cultured in the light. In A. arguta and A. kolomikta no morphogenic response was observed on this medium. If the cultures were inoculated onto medium with IAA (0.3 mg/l) and 2iP (5 mg/l), in the endosperm calluses of kiwifruit, shoots were formed in addition to roots. In A. arguta a few abnormal shoots were produced in one explant. The sub-culture of A. arguta callus on MS without hormone evoked the production of some roots. No morphogenic response was observed in the endosperm cultures of A. kolomikta on all media tested. The counting of chromosomes in five roots and young leaves of one shoot of A. deliciosa revealed that they were triploids with chromosome number 2n = ~250.

10

Comparison of the morphological features of the plants of winter triticale regenerated through callus obtained from immature inflorescences and from seeds

86%

Marcinska I., Kaminski M., Biesaga-Koscielniak J., Dubert F.

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica. Supplement

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1997

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tom 35

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nr 2

11

Improvement of regeneration ability in Phleum pratense L. in vitro culture by dicamba

86%

Plazek A., Filek M., Wedzony M.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1999

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tom 21

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nr 4

12

The effect of selected growth regulators on induction and regeneration of field bean [Vicia faba ssp.minor] callus

86%

Skrzypek E., Dubert F.

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica. Supplement

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1997

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tom 35

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nr 2

13

Influence of the elicitor of stem rust on the viability and growth rate of callus from two near-isogenic wheat genotypes

86%

Skoczowski A., Dubert F., Marcinska I., Barna B., Adam A.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1997

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tom 19

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nr 2

14

Effect of protoplast source and media on growth and regenerability of protoplast-derived calluses of Solanum tuberosum L.

86%

Anjum M. A.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1998

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tom 20

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nr 2

Freshly isolated mesophyll and suspensions-cell protoplasts of S. tuberosum cvs. Desiree and Maris Piper were cultured in different media i.e. modified MS, V-KM and MS-KM. Protoplast plating efficiencies were higher in MS-KM medium. Resulting protoplast-derived calluses were transferred either onto the medium of Bokelmann and Roest (1983) or that of Lam (1977) for shoot regeneration. Calluses derived from mesophyll cell protoplasts differentiated about 2 weeks earlier than calluses derived from suspension-cell protoplasts. Shoot initiation was also about 2 weeks earlier from calluses subcultured onto the former medium as compared to the latter.

15

Transfer the readiness to earing of regenerants obtained via callus from some genotypes of winter triticale

86%

Marcinska I., Kaminski M., Biesaga-Koscielniak J., Dubert F.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1997

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tom 19

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nr 2

16

Effect of culture medium and light conditions on the morphological characteristics and carbohydrate contents of Medicago strasseri calli

86%

Medina M., Villalobos N., De La Cruz P. J., Dorado A., Guerra H.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1998

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tom 20

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nr 4

Using 6 culture media (12, 12D, 12G, 11, A and B) made up of MS medium (Murashige-Skoog, 1962) supplemented or not with glycerine, with different cytokinins, and/or 2,4-D, the morphological characteristics and contents in total carbohydrates, reducing sugars, sucrose and starch were studied in calli induced from explants (cotyledon, petiole, hypocotyl and leaf) obtained from Medicago strasseri seedlings. Callus formation was induced under photoperiod (16h light/8h darkness) conditions or in the absence of light. Considerable variability in the calli was observed, depending on the explants and media used. Under photoperiod conditions, medium A with KIN (1 mg/l) and 2,4-D (3 mg/l) induced many calli with the highest contents in total carbohydrates (886.1–889.3 mg/g DW), sucrose (132.1–188.2 mg/g DW) and starch (125.2–247.6 mg/g DW) and the lowest contents in reducing sugars (118.4–173.3 mg/g DW). In media 11, A and B, under conditions of darkness, calli degenerated at the start of culture. Calli developed in darkness generally had dry weights and total carbohydrate and starch contents lower than those cultured under photoperiod conditions. However, sucrose contents were greater in calli formed in darkness. At these cultures times, differentiation, in the form of organogenesis, was only seen using medium B with cotyledons, petioles and leaves as explants. It was also observed when petioles were cultured in medium A but with a less pronounced organogenic response.

17

A simple and efficient method for cryopreservation of embryogenic triticale calli

86%

Sowa S., Oleszczuk S., Zimny J.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2005

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tom 27

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nr 2

Conventional breeding methods are now supplemented by modern in vitro techniques. However, long term maintenance of cultures has many disadvantages. It incurs risk of loss through microbial contamination, somaclonal variation or human error, but above all the regeneration capacity can decrease gradually during extended maintenance. Cryopreservation as a method of long term storage of biological material without genetic alteration was adapted for embryogenic triticale calli preservation. Callus of both winter and spring genotypes were successfully cryopreserved. The best viability rates (80-85 %) were achieved with 6 weeks old winter genotypes treated with cryoprotective solution containing DMSO. This simple and efficient method of cryopreservation requires no special devices for controlled freezing and can be easily adapted for other cereals.

18

The effect of carbon source on callus induction and regeneration ability in Pharbitis nil

86%

Trejgell A., Jarkiewicz M., Tretyn A.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2006

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tom 28

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nr 6

Flower buds, cotyledons and hypocotyls of Pharbitis nil were used as plant material. Flower buds (1-2 mm long) were excised from 3-week-old plants, grown in soil. Cotyledons of 7-day-old sterile seedlings were cut into 25 mm2 squares cotyledons whereas hypocotyls were cut to 1 mm long fragments. Explants were transferred into Petri dishes containing the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS), supplemented with either BA (11 μM·U⁻¹) alone or BA (22 μM·U⁻¹) and NAA (0.55 μM·U⁻¹), and different sugars: sucrose, fructose, glucose, mannose or sorbitol (autoclaved or filter-sterilized). Addition of glucose instead of sucrose to the medium stimulated the induclion of callus on flower buds and cotyledoniry explants, but inhibited its growth on fragments of hypocotyls. The medium supplemented with fructose (especially filter-sterilized) stimulated the development of flower elements. Organogenesis of shoots and roots on explants was also observed. Flower buds and hypocotyls were able to regenerate both organs. Addition of fructose or glucose to the medium stimul ated the organogenesis of shoots, whereas root organogenesis was inhibited on all explants used. Sorbitol strongly inhibited both induction of callus and organogenesis on all explants used.

19

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Cream-coloured and green-coloured lines of the nonmorphogenic callus of Plantago asiatica L. - ultrastructure analysis

86%

Makowczynska J., Andrzejewska-Golec E., Marek K.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2005

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tom 74

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nr 3

The ultrastructure of two lines of nonmorphogenic Plantago asiatica callus was compared. The ultrastructure of most organelles of cream-coloured and green-coloured lines of these callus lines was similar. Among the plastides no difference in prevalence and composition of proplastides and amyloplasts was observed. The main difference lies in the presence of chlororoplasts in green callus. The phenomena of vacuolisation and tracheogenesis in both lines were found.

20

Attempt at regeneration of Pharbitis nil from fragments of vegetative organs

86%

Trejgell A., Tretyn A., Nicos D.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1998

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tom 20

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nr 2

The object of study was the regeneration of Pharbitis nil by direct and indirect organogenesis. From fragments of roots, cotyledons, hypocotyls and epicotyls on Murashige and Skoog nutrient solution (MS) supplemented with naphtalenacetic acid (NAA) or indolylacetic acid (IAA; both at 0.1 mg·dm⁻³ concentration) in the presence of benzylaminopurine (BAP), zeatin or kinetin (all at 5 mg·dm⁻³ concentration) only root organogenesis was obtained. Likewise, when using the two-step method (2 or 5 days exposure to NAA or IAA at 2 mg·dm⁻³ concentration followed by exposure to BAP or zeatin at 1 or 2 mg·dm⁻³ concentration) root organogenesis was observed in all types of explants. Moreover, shoot buds were formed on fragments of epicotyl exposed vertically in relation to the medium. However, attempts at regenerating complete plants from them failed, so did the regeneration of P. nil from callus. The roots were formed in callus cultures only.

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