Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Ecological strategy at cell size level to respond to stressed environments

100%

Wang H., Liu Y., Chen H.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2016

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tom 64

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nr 2

The cell size variations in woody plants in various environments are not well known, and the underlying mechanism has not been fully analyzed. 2. The current study focused on the intraspecific and interspecific size variations in palisade cells occurring in 76 woody species along an elevation gradient (1800–4500 m a.s.l.) on Gongga Montain (1400–7552 m a.s.l.) in southwest China, which included tropical and subtropical genera of broad-leaved forest flora including Salix hyperba as the species occurring on all elevations. We hypothesized that cell size is regulated by alterations in width-length scaling (L-D ratio) to mediate a surface-to-volume ratio (S/V) most suitable for the prevailing environmental conditions. 3. It was observed that cell size co-varied similarly with environmental conditions at the conspecifics, congenerics, and interspecifics levels investigated. Cell sizes decreased among conspecifics, or increase among congenerics and interspecifics via negative or positive scaling of width-length ratio at the cellular level. However, this dichotomously differing tendency may be ecologically constrained by both a cost-increasing and benefit-diminishing mechanism of cell dimension with increasing elevation at the species level, implying a ‘middle way’ strategy for species to stressed environments. 4. The implications of the results for regional floristic evolution are discussed.

2

Field-sampling methods for investigating ground-bryophyte populations in forest vegetation

100%

Jiang Y.-B., Liu X.-H., Tian R.-X., Shao X.-M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2011

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tom 59

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nr 2

To determine the optimum plot size for bryophyte-biocoenosis investigations and identify the sampling methods that can provide sufficient and representative data for bryophyte diversity, we explored two sampling methods and investigated the species composition and their coverage in three sites located within the subtropical- temperate zone in China: mixed coniferous and deciduous broadleaved forest with species of Quercus, Betula, Pinus, Abies (Guanyinshan Nature Reserve), mixed evergreen and deciduous broadleaved forest, broadleaved forest with species of Phoebe, Castanopsis, Lithocarpus, Acer, Tilia, Dacidia, Abies (Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve) and temperate deciduous broadleaved forest with species of Quercus, Betula, Populus (Dongling Mountains). Two sampling methods are applied: the systematic-sampling method based on nested quadrates of five different sizes (10 × 10 cm, 25 × 25 cm, 50 × 50 cm, 1 × 1 m, and 2 × 2 m) in each 2 × 2 m grid within a 10 × 10 m plot (total 25 grids) and the microcoenose-sampling method (sampling with the minimum area quadrate at the center of the largest fragment in each of the 25 grids). The minimum area of sampling was determined based on the similarity-area curve, the coverage-area curve, and the importance- value-area curve through the systematicsampling. The appropriate sampling method and quadrate number were determined by analyzing the species diversity and evenness. We compared two sampling methods by assessing the species number at two different sites. Both the similarity- area curve and importance-value-area curve showed that the turnover point of sampling size occurred at 50 × 50 cm where the similarity and importance-value were closer to the actual. We concluded that a quadrate of 50 × 50 cm could be used as the minimum area of sampling. However, the systematic-sampling method was not suitable for analyzing the diversity of bryophytes. A viable alternative is the microcoenose-sampling method which allows to obtain sufficient information in terms of species richness and their distribution.

3

Nitrogen and phosphorus leaching during the decomposition of broadleaf forest litter

100%

Bernacki Z.

Polish Journal of Soil Science

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2003

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tom 36

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nr 1

The rate of broadleaf forest litter decomposition as well as leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus was estimated, on two plots situated in an about 150-year old oak-hornbeam tree stand. In both ecosystems the rate of production and decomposition of litter was approximately the same. There was evidence of the dependence of the decomposition rate on the total precipitation in the vegetative season. The determined quantity of nitrogen leached in the process of litter decomposition reached 50 100 kg per ha in wet years and about 30 kg per ha in dry years. Quantities of phosphorus leached from decomposed litter oscillate between 4 6 kg per ha in wet years and 1 3 kg per ha in dry years.

4

Dendroflora of a monumental park in Zlakowo (Postomino commune, West-Pomeranian voivodship)

80%

Bordewicz N., Wronska-Pilarek D.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria

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2009

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tom 08

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nr 2

Dendroflora of Złakowo Park comprises 36 taxons. The total of 1465 trees was inventoried. The dominant tree species in the park are those associated with the communities of fertile broad-leaved forests. Trees of Carpinus betulus are the most numerous, whereas common species include: Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior and Quercus robur. The total of 203 trees was classified as valuable of which 77 trees were included in the group with monumental circumferences, 35 trees – were classified as trees with circumferences close to monumental and 91 trees – as splendid. Trees which frequently attained considerable circumferences comprised: Carpinus betulus, Quercus robur, Fagus sylvatica, Alnus glutinosa, Fraxinus excelsior and Acer platanoides.

5

Projektowane rezerwaty leśne 'Ulesie' i 'Uścinek' na Pojezierzu Olsztyńskim

80%

Endler Z., Grzybowski M., Juskiewicz B.

Acta Academiae Agriculturae ac Technicae Olstenensis. Agricultura

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1996

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tom 62

13-23

W pracy przedstawiono projekt utworzenia rezerwatów leśnych „Ulesie" i „Uścinek" na terenie Nadleśnictwa Jedwabno. Są to zachowane w stanie naturalnym drzewostany dębowe w wieku 250-280 lat. W projektowanym rezerwacie „Ulesie" występuje 77 dorodnych okazów Pseudotsuga taxifolia, a w rezerwacie "Uścinek" - kilkadziesiąt pomnikowych dębów Quercus robur.

6

On the problem of actuopalynology in the Carpathians and Caucasus

80%

Stuchlik L., Kvavadze E. V.

Acta Palaeobotanica

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1995

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tom 35

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nr 1

7

Charakterystyka fitosocjologiczna gradow Tilio cordatae-Carpinetum betuli w wariancie z Carex brizoides wystepujacych na Plaskowyzu Glubczyckim i Wyzynie Slaskiej

61%

Orczewska A., Sierka E.

Acta Biologica Silesiana

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2002

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tom 36

95-104

8

Zmiany we florze i roślinności rezerwatu leśnego „Las Mariański” (okolice Bydgoszczy)

61%

Waldon B.

Acta Botanica Silesiaca

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2011

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tom 07

180 vascular plant taxa are found in the Las Mariański forest reserve, including 21 protected and endangered species. In the last 40 years, the total number of species has increased, including the number of anthropophytes. Spontaneous forest succession has taken place on previously open terrain, resulting in a slight increase in the share of species typical for the class Querco-Fagetea and a 9% decrease in the share of thermophilic species typical of the classes Festuco-Brometea, Trifolio-Geranietea and Koelerio-Corynephoretea. There was an increase in the cover coefficients for the tree layer (Acer pseudoplatanus and A. platanoides) in patches of Tilio-Carpinetum. There are fluctuations in the cover of Carpinus betulus, Tilia cordata, Fraxinus excelsior, Ulmus glabra and U. minor. Species that once formed the understory, such as Acer campestre and Fagus sylvatica, now appear in the higher layers. Comparison of present-day phytosociological relevés with those collected in the 1960s and 1990s did not reveal any significant directional changes in the oak-hornbeam woodland vegetation. Symptoms of degeneration were recorded in all of the forest communities in the reserve. For example, the cover of shrubs on the forest floor as increased. Foreign species are spreading throughout the biochore are of the oak-hornbeam woodland, which constitutes a serious threat to the flora of the nature reserve.

Ograniczanie wyników

Ecological strategy at cell size level to respond to stressed environments

Field-sampling methods for investigating ground-bryophyte populations in forest vegetation

Nitrogen and phosphorus leaching during the decomposition of broadleaf forest litter

Dendroflora of a monumental park in Zlakowo (Postomino commune, West-Pomeranian voivodship)

Projektowane rezerwaty leśne 'Ulesie' i 'Uścinek' na Pojezierzu Olsztyńskim

On the problem of actuopalynology in the Carpathians and Caucasus

Charakterystyka fitosocjologiczna gradow Tilio cordatae-Carpinetum betuli w wariancie z Carex brizoides wystepujacych na Plaskowyzu Glubczyckim i Wyzynie Slaskiej

Zmiany we florze i roślinności rezerwatu leśnego „Las Mariański” (okolice Bydgoszczy)