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The aim of the work was to assess the phenotypic value of conformation of standard chinchillas depending on their age groups. The research embraced a population of chinchillas (1986 individuals including: 1231 females and 755 males) from the breeding farm in the kujawsko-pomorskie voivodship within the years 2003-2010. Analyzed features included: animal size, color type, color purity, fur quality, belly-belt and total score achieved for the features mentioned above. Animals were divided into three age groups: I - up to 6 months, II - between 7 and 10 months, III - over 11 months. As a result of the research it has been shown that the most stabilized features on the assessed farm were: animal size (71% of the population presented max. evaluation 4 pt.) and belly-belt (80% of the population presented max. evaluation 3 pt.). It has been pointed out that the older the animal was the higher score it obtained during the license evaluation. Other features obtained lower scores than the possible maximum, which proves that the special attention should be paid while conducting further breeding work on the considered farms.
The aim of performed study was to determine the level of enzootic abortion (EA) in sheep breeding farms in different districts of Lithuania, to determine differences in clinical signs and infection frequency between various age groups, and to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of complement fixation test for antibodies detection and indirect immunofluorescence for antigen detection in sheep chlamydiosis. The clinical, serological and immunological tests in sheep farms were performed in 2004 and 2005. Comparing different age groups of sheep revealed that the lowest number of infected sheep was registered in animals younger than 18 months (23.1%, antibodies titre 3.191 log2, P<0.05) and highest in animals aged 18 to 24 months (53.8%, antibodies titre 4.224 log2, P<0.001). In sheep aged more than 3 years, titre of antibodies was significantly reduced. The majority of infected sheep which aborted (86.4%) was registered in 18-24 month age group. Furthermore, in sheep which aborted the infection level was 2.5-fold higher as compared to sheep which didn’t abort. Analysis of smears from patological material by indirect FAT revealed that 54.5% of animals were positive to Chlamydophila abortus infection. The highest prevalence of chlamydia (66.7%) was registered in placentas of sheep which aborted.
Lead, cadmium, and mercury were estimated in the liver and kidneys of 30 silver foxes from one fur fox farm. The animals were divided into three groups according to their age and developing reproduction disorders. Cd and Pb were determined by GFAAS with Zeeman correction, whereas Hg by cold vapour technique. Serum levels for Hg and Cd were below minimum detection limit of the method, while Pb accounted x(n=30)=0.149±0.1145 µg mL⁻¹. The liver and kidneys contained: 0.378±0.2002 and 0.274±0.1006 µg g⁻¹ of Pb (wet weights); 0.253±0.2836 and 0.288±0.1656 µg g⁻¹ of Cd, and 0.257±0.3403 and 0.600±1.1112 µg g⁻¹ of Hg, respectively. Coefficients of variation, CV%(n=30)) from 11.3% to 304.9% were recorded. Pb content in the serum and liver increased with age; however, that trend was not observed in the case of Cd and Hg. The data within every groups were characterised by wide statistical dispersion; Hg level differed in three magnitude order. The means significantly differed from medians, the most for Hg in kidneys; x(n=10)=0.871±l .4952 µg g⁻¹ versus µ1/2=0.0220 µg g⁻¹ in group of one-year-old foxes. The highest contents found in the individual animals, Hg>3.4 µg g⁻¹ in the liver and kidneys or Cd>l µg g⁻¹ in the liver, were considered toxic for health status of the flock, reproductive disorders including.
The aim of the study was to analyze the conformation traits of rabbits in relation to the year of evaluation and sex of the animals. The analyzes involved a rabbit production farm located in south-eastern Poland. The farm is specialized in the following breeds: New Zealand White, Blanc de Termonde, Alaska, Californian White, Giant Chinchilla, and Popielno White. The study covered 858 New Zealand White rabbits (741 does and 117 bucks). The ANOVA results indicated statistically significant effect of sex on the quality of the coat, body frame and breed type. The year of evaluation statistically significantly influenced the body size, weight, hair coat quality, specific breed traits, body frame, breed type, and the total score attained by the rabbits. The interaction sex x year of evaluation significantly influenced body weight only, whereas no significant effect can be found if we look at the remaining traits. The variation of the traits, as measured with the coefficient of variability, ranged from 1.05 to 9.19%. The correlations were quite varied, ranging from –0.7715 (between the breed type and the year of evaluation) up to 0.6017 (between the body frame and the total score). The analyzed animals were characterized by very good body type and conformation parameters, which is demonstrated by a high score achieved for each trait.
Analysis of problems relevant to serological surveys of pigs for brucellosis was the aim of the studies. In these investigations 74 218 sera from domestic pigs monitored for brucellosis and 3 566 sera from imported pigs were used. For comparison study 159 pig serum samples, collected from three Brucella infected herds, were tested, using following methods: RBT, ELISA, CFT, TAT and 2-ME. The obtained results indicate that serological diagnosis of brucellosis in domestic pigs did not produce major problems. Different situation was observed when some batches of imported pigs were examined. The results of serological investigations were characterised by disquietingly high proportion of samples positive in the RBT, TAT, CFT or ELISA. The analysis of documents and epidemiological inquiry concerning the pigs revealed that they originated from herds struggling with a problem of false positive serological reactions (FPSR), probably due to Yersinia enterocolitica 0:9 infection.
The study involved Polish merinos sheep (64 animals), kept in a sheep-breeding farm, and fed a meat-woolly type of diet supplemented with the detoxicating preparation Monk-1. The animals were given a single dose of 10 mg of cadmium/kg b.w (labelled with cadmium-109) directly into the abomasum and then were killed on the 1st, 12th, 48th, and 96th post- dosing day. Cadmium concentration was measured radiometrically in the liver lobes, duodenum, diaphragm, biceps femoris; heart, pancreas; kidneys, ovary, spleen, brain; and muscles. The highest cadmium concentrations were found in the kidneys and liver. The detoxicating preparation Monk-1 significantly decreased cadmium concentrations in the kidneys, liver, biceps femoris, and duodenum.
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