Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Breeding-season density of Fiscal Shrike [Lanius collaris] in Lesotho

100%

Kopij G.

Biological Letters

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2004

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tom 41

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nr 2

77-85

2

Plasma testosterone profile of male Tawny Owls Strix aluco in relation to breeding density, breeding experience, and offspring provision

84%

Sasvari L., Peczely P., Hegyi Z.

Acta Ornithologica

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2009

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tom 44

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nr 1

The role of plasma testosterone in territorial behavior and breeding success, which has not previously been examined in nocturnal raptors, was studied in male Tawny Owls. Blood was collected for testosterone analysis during the territorial and nestling periods from owls breeding in nest boxes in Duna-Ipoly National Park, Hungary. Testosterone levels, defense activity, prey supply for broods and reproductive performance were related to breeding density and breeding experience of males. Defense activity, as measured by responses to broadcasted hooting calls and dummy owls during the territorial period, correlated positively with testosterone concentration. Males with more breeding experience had high testosterone levels and occupied better territories in dense breeding areas than less experienced males which had low testosterone concentrations. Mate fidelity was linked male quality: females were more likely to be tenacious in good territories. Testosterone levels dropped between territorial and feeding periods, however males with higher concentrations fed nestlings more frequently with high mass prey per night because food was more abundant in territories they had secured. We suggest that differences in testosterone levels in the provisioning period are related to the males' abilities to acquire territories of different quality.

3

Wood occupation and area requirement of the Great Spotted Woodpecker Picoides major in Rome [Central Italy]

84%

Salvati L., Manganaro A., Ranazzi L.

Acta Ornithologica

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2001

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tom 36

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nr 1

This study was carried out in Rome city from 1991 to 1999. In a total of 47 urban parks and suburban woods, 22 wooded areas were occupied by Great Spotted Woodpeckers during the breeding period. All woods greater than 50 ha in area were occupied by woodpeckers. On a five year scale, territorial stability was positively correlated with woodland size. The requirement of wooded area per territory was slightly higher in urban parks (6.7 ± 2.7 ha, n = 10 wooded areas) than in suburban woods (5.7 ± 1.3 ha, n = 5), and was negatively correlated to the vegetation cover. The area of woodland per territory in Rome was higher than in neighbouring deciduous oak woods. This suggests that urban habitats are of inferior quality for breeding Great Spotted Woodpeckers, probably owing to features of their vegetation and their isolation from other woodland patches. Maintaining mature stands of natural vegetation with old and dead trees in larger urban parks could be useful to encourage the occurrence of Great Spotted Woodpecker in cities.

4

Bird fauna and populations of raised bogs of Belorussia

84%

Kozlov V. P., Kuzmenko V. Y.

The Ring

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1993

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tom 15

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nr 1-2

5

Effect of the colony edge on the clutch size and fledging success in the Little Egret Egretta garzetta (L.)

67%

Uzun A., Kopij G.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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tom 58

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nr 2

The term ‘edge effect’ can be defined as an abrupt and local change in the abundance, diversity, composition etc. at the edge of any distinct, spatial patches (structure(s). It usually refers to forest/field, meadow/shrub and other ecotone environments. This effect in relation to breeding densities and success in birds has been the focus of considerable debate (Manolis et al. 2002). The edge of bird colony is expected to affect similarly on avian population (Krebs 1974). Although such studies can be very useful for management and conservation strategies, they are scarce in the Mediterranean.

6

Habitat parameters and breeding density of Kruper's Nuthatch Sitta krueperi Pelzeln in Southern Turkey

67%

Albayrak T., Bairlein F., Erdogan A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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tom 58

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nr 3

Krüper’s Nuthatch (Sitta krueperi, Passeriformes) is small-area confined species and it mainly occurs in Anatolia in Turkey, but small numbers are found on the adjacent Lesvos Island and the Caucasus region. It is considered as a “near” threatened species by IUCN. Breeding success of Krüper’s Nuthatchs, which use nest cavities excavated by woodpeckers or make their own entrance holes in slightly decayed old tree trunks, is about 72% fledged birds and main food is composed of Coleoptera and Lepidoptera. Although this species is mainly confined to red pine (Pinus brutia) forest, it occurs also in the other coniferous habitats. Krüper’s Nuthatch was surveyed in four regions of Mediterranean Turkey: the Antalya, Central Taurus, Aladağlar region and Amanos Mountains on an area of 27.9 km². Total of 395 point counts were taken in coniferous forests during the breeding season 2005 to explore the factors which affect the population distribution and density. For each point counts following habitat parameters were measured: (1) height of canopy top, (2) height of canopy bottom, (3) tree diameter at breast height, (4) percentage cover (5) average distance between two trees, (6) total number of strata of vegetation and topographic data (altitude, degree of slope, direction of slope, soil texture). The average density of Krüper’s Nuthatch recorded in the all sites was 7.38 ± 0.57 birds km⁻². However, it differs between regions (ANOVA; P <0.0001) with highest density in the Antalya region (12.10 ± 2.10 birds km⁻²), and a decrease to the east with lowest density in the Amanos Mountains (2.42 ± 0.98 birds km⁻²). Krüper’s Nuthatch breeding density was higher in high altitude and in black pine (Pinus nigra) forest. The highest mean density was found in black pine forests (12.69 ±2.4 birds km⁻²; n = 29), followed by Cilician fir (Abies cilicica) forest (11.61 ± 2 birds km⁻²; n = 39), Lebanon cedar forest (Cedrus libani) (8.49 ± 1.8 birds km⁻²; n = 25) and red pine (Pinus burutia) forest (7.75 ± 0.9 birds km⁻²; n = 188) respectively. We also found a negative correlation between the densities of Krüper’s Nuthatch and the total number of strata of the vegetation. High number of the birds occurs in more open coniferous forests. Mature coniferous forests especially black pine forests at high altitudes should be preserved for its conservation in Antalya region.

7

Distribution, breeding density and nest sites of Hawfinches Coccothraustes coccothraustes in the primeval forest of Bialowieza National Park

67%

Tomialojc L.

Acta Ornithologica

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2005

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tom 40

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nr 2

127-138

Long-term observations (1991-2002) have shown that Hawfinches breed throughout the extensive Białowieża Forest; they are only slightly less numerous in the forest interior than at its edge. Population size, habitat and nest sites were studied in two plots in the species-optimal habitat (continuous oak-lime-hornbeam old-growth). The true breeding density there was 4.0-8.4, reaching as much as 15.2 p/10 ha in some years, while, according to the combined territory-mapping method for the same period, it was, on average, 5.8 pairs/10 ha in oak-lime-hornbeam, 3.3 pairs/10 ha in riparian ash-alder, but less than 0.5 pairs/10 ha in mixed coniferous-deciduous or young deciduous stands (marginal habitats for this species). Being among the most numerous species in the Białowieża Forest bird community, Hawfinches hold small nesting territories that are sometimes loosely grouped. Nests are built at an average height of 18.1 (7-34) m in the tree canopy. Hornbeams are the preferred tree species for nesting in the oak-lime-hornbeam stands (also clumps of mistletoe in the continental maple), while black alders in the riparian woodland. Originally, the Hawfinch must have been a species of old, high forests. Its recent nesting elsewhere — low in bushes or, preferably, along woodland edges — is likely to be a secondarily acquired trait; it could also be due to a bias — Hawfinch nests are more easily discovered in such localities.

8

Long-term changes in population density of nest-box breeding Great Tits and Blue Tits in two contrasting habitats in Central Poland

67%

Gladalski M., Wawrzyniak J., Banbura M., Kalinski A., Markowski M., Skwarska J., Zielinski P., Banbura J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2016

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tom 64

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nr 3

Urbanization affects the ecological and behavioral traits of various species of animals, including birds.We present results concerning long-term fluctuations in breeding densities of nest-box populations of the Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus and the Great Tit Parus major in two, structurally and floristically contrasting types of habitat (an urban parkland and a rich deciduous forest) located 10 km apart, in central Poland. This study was conducted in 1999–2012 in the parkland site and in 2002–2012 in the forest site. We found a strong correlation of year-to-year changes in breeding densities of Great Tits between the parkland site and the forest site and a lack of such a correlation in Blue Tits. Breeding densities of Great Tits were much higher in the parkland than in the forest area every year during the study period. Annual changes in breeding densities were not correlated between the species studied. The North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAO-winter index) tended to influence the density dynamics of the two bird species in the forest area but not in the parkland area.

9

Nest-site selection in the Magpie Pica pica in a high-density urban population of Sofia [Bulgaria]

67%

Antonov A., Atanasova D.

Acta Ornithologica

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2002

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tom 37

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nr 2

10

Monitoring of Lesser Spotted Eagle [Aquila pomarina] in Belarussia

67%

Ivanovsky V. V., Tishechkin A. K.

The Ring

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1993

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tom 15

|

nr 1-2

Ograniczanie wyników

Breeding-season density of Fiscal Shrike [Lanius collaris] in Lesotho

Plasma testosterone profile of male Tawny Owls Strix aluco in relation to breeding density, breeding experience, and offspring provision

Wood occupation and area requirement of the Great Spotted Woodpecker Picoides major in Rome [Central Italy]

Bird fauna and populations of raised bogs of Belorussia

Effect of the colony edge on the clutch size and fledging success in the Little Egret Egretta garzetta (L.)

Habitat parameters and breeding density of Kruper's Nuthatch Sitta krueperi Pelzeln in Southern Turkey

Distribution, breeding density and nest sites of Hawfinches Coccothraustes coccothraustes in the primeval forest of Bialowieza National Park

Long-term changes in population density of nest-box breeding Great Tits and Blue Tits in two contrasting habitats in Central Poland

Nest-site selection in the Magpie Pica pica in a high-density urban population of Sofia [Bulgaria]

Monitoring of Lesser Spotted Eagle [Aquila pomarina] in Belarussia