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Hand fruit thinning was performed for four successive years on 'Gala' apple trees grafted on dwarf P 2 rootstock and planted at a density of 3333 trees/ha. Trees were 5 years old when the experiment started. Three thinning treatments were done with the assumption that apples at harvest should be medium sized (8 fruits per kg), large (7 fruits per kg), or very large (6 fruits per kg). To obtain such results, 84; 74 or 63 fruitlets were left per tree in the beginning of June. Two other treatments included thinning fruitlets with any defects, and no thinning in the control. To avoid subse­quent effects of fruit load on blooming intensity, each year new trees were chosen for the experiment. The results indicated that with tree aging fruit load must be decreased to assure the same mean fruit weight.
The effect of polluting the environment with the emissions of the Prydniprovska Thermal Power Plant emissions, Dnipropetrovsk city, on morphometric and cytogenetic indicators of floral system of Tilia genus representatives was examined. The research was conducted in June and July in 2015. The studied objects in conditions of technogenesis show reduction of the bloom intensity rate and an increase of pollen grain sterility, which is the most significant in T. сordata. Sensitive indicators of Tilia generative sphere were suggested as informative test parameters for the use in monitoring the environment state. The recommendations are offered on the use of species of the Tilia genus in gardening industrial sites in terms of the steppe Prydniprovya.
The effect of the new growth stimulator with the cytokinin nature Ivin was investigated at the parameters of growth, blooming and chlorophyll concentration of the leaves of Callistephus chinensis (L.) Ness. plants. The researched plants grow under the impact of industrial and exhaust fumes. The intensification of the growth processes of the treatment plants in comparison with untreated was established. The processed specimens enhance height, the number of side shoots, quantity of the leaves and their area as well as the area of the total assimilation plants surface with increasing of the vegetative mass of the plants accordingly. At the same time, the number of inflorescences and their average diameter increase. There was no significant difference in essential influence of the biostimulant upon the plants of Callistephus chinensis between breeds “Viktoria Sharlachovaya” and “Strausovo pero Rubinovaya” with the exception of some variables (total assimilation surface). The concentration of chlorophyll in leaves of Callistephus chinensis plants increases under spraying by Ivin. The rising occurs originally after spraying seedlings due to chlorophyll, after the third treatment (flower-bud formation) – due to both forms of chlorophylls was established, as well as the breed specific reaction of plants was determined. The novelty of this work consists in the investigation of the influencing the growth stimulator on the development of the ornamental flower plants in the conditions of environmental pollution. The treatment of this preparation is appropriate for stimulation of growth and intensity of bloom of the ornamental flower plants of urban territories.
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