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In 2009-2010 the effect of multiple plant spraying with biotechnical preparations (Biochikol 020 PC - chitosanbased agent, Grevit 200 SL - extract of grapefruit, Prev-AM 060 SL - orange oil) on protection against Phytophthora infestans of both potato canopy and tubers (cultivar 'Vineta N') was investigated. Acrobat MZ 69 WG (9% dimethomorph + 60% mancozeb) was used as a standard agent. In the first year the examined preparations decreased the degree of canopy infection and the percentage of tubers infected by P. infestans. In the next year, only Acrobat MZ 69 WG significantly inhibited the development of late blight on potato canopy. The percentage of tubers infected by P. infestans resulting from potatoes treated with the tested agents was significantly lower than that of the control. In both years tuber yield from the protected plots was higher than that of unprotected ones.
The biotechnical preparations: Biosept Active (based on a grapefruit extract) and BioZell (based on thyme oil) as well as Hypericum perforatum extract, streptomycin solution and fungicide Champion 50WP (active ingredient substance – e.i. 50% copper hydroxide) were investigated for antimicrobial effects against plant pathogenic bacteria: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina. The screening was carried out in vitro on three media: Nutrient Agar (NA Difco), Pseudomonas Agar F (Merck) – analogue of King B and 523. In the experiments, the agar plate method was applied. There were no statistically significant differences in the effect of streptomycin and Champion 50WP on the growth inhibition of three bacteria strains for medium 523 and Nutrient Agar and of P. syringae pv. syringae and X. arboricola pv. corylina for medium King B. It was determined that the antibacterial activity of Biosept Active and BioZell biopreparations and H. perforatum extract against Agrobacterium tumefaciens (strain C58), Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (strain 760) and Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina (strain RIPF-x13) were dependent on the strain of pathogen as well as the growth medium used. According to the research results obtained, the Biosept Active preparation and H. perforatum extract demonstrated high bacteriostatic activity against three bacterial strains grown on the Nutrient Agar medium.
The aim of two year field investigations was to evaluate the effect of seed-potato dressing and plants spraying treatments with biotechnical preparations (Biosept 33 SL – a.s. extract of grapefruit, Biochikol 020 PC – a.s. chitosan) on infection of potato tubers by Rhizoctonia solani and Helminthosporium solani. As a standard fungicide Vitavax 2000 FS (a.s. karboxin and thiuram) was used. During the vegetation period applied biotechnical preparations lowered both the deegre of tuber infection and percentage share of infected tubers by R. solani and H. solani.
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