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1

Collection of entomopathogenic nematodes for the biological control of insect pests

100%
Toth T.
Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research
|
2006
|
tom 14
|
nr Suppl.3
2

Molecular and phenotypic characterization of Heterorhabditis indica (Nematoda: Rhabditida) nematodes isolated during a survey of agricultural soils in Western Uttar Pradesh, India

86%
Bhat A. H., Chaubey A. K., Shokoohi E., Machado R. A. R.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2021
|
tom 66
|
nr 1
3

First record of entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana [Bals.-Criv.] Vuill. on Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister, a biocontrol agent of Parthenium hysterophorus L.

72%
Dubey P., Ray P., Pandey A. K.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2010
|
tom 50
|
nr 1
53-55
Entomopathogenic fungi have great potential as biological control agents against insect pests. So they are being developed worldwide for the control of many pests of agricultural importance. But their effect on non-target insects, such as natural enemies has been a matter of great concern. Recently we came across an entomopathogen infecting a laboratory culture of Zygogramma bicolorata, a potential biocontol agent of noxious weed, Parthenium hysterophorus. The pathogen was isolated from the grubs and beetles and identified as Beauveria bassiana. In the present paper, the entomopathogen, B. bassiana is reported and described for the first time from the laboratory culture of Z. bicolorata.
4
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Molecular identification of Trichoderma strains collected to develop plant growth-promoting and biocontrol agents

72%
Oskiera M., Szczech M., Bartoszewski G.
Journal of Horticultural Research
|
2015
|
tom 23
|
nr 1
5
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Content available

Prospective proecological insecticides among the naturally occurring peptides

72%
Sobotka W., Konopinska D.
Wiadomości Parazytologiczne
|
1994
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tom 40
|
nr 3
6

Lethal effects of Spinosad on Chrysoperla carnea larvae [Neuroptera: Chrysopidae] under laboratory conditions

58%
Maroufpoor M., Safaralizadeh M. H., Pourmirza A. A., Allahvaisy S., Ghasemzadeh S.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2010
|
tom 50
|
nr 2
179-183
The use of selective insecticides could improve conservation of natural enemies and therefore contribute to the success of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. In this study, the toxicity of one selective insecticide, Spinosad to common green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea Stephens was evaluated. Several stages of C. carnea larvae were exposed to Spinosad under laboratory conditions. The used quantities of Spinosad were less than the maximum recommended rate given on the product label. In contact bioassay tests, a direct relationship was detected between the concentration of Spinosad and mortality rate of first instar larvae. So that, the employing of 250 and 2 500 ppm of Spinosad caused 33 and 67 per cent mortality, respectively. Mortality rate was recorded 1-3 day post treatment. In implementation of 250 ppm of Spinosad on second and third instar larvae showed negligible mortality rate after 3 days whereas the first instars larvae suffered 33 per cent mortality. On the basis of collected data we could conclude that Spinosad is not to be considered to have an environmental safety profile on C. carnea similarly to well established biological insecticides.
7

Streptomyces nigellus as a biocontrol agent of tomato damping-off disease caused by Pythium ultimum

58%
Helmy S. M., Zeinat K., Mahmoud S. A., Moataza S., Nagwa M., Amany H.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series: Biotechnology
|
2010
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tom 13
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nr 4
8

Effects of the secondary metabolite producing Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 on soil Protozoa and bacteria

58%
Winding A., Oberender J.
Acta Protozoologica
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2012
|
tom 51
|
nr 3
9

Effects of three Glomus species as biocontrol agents against Verticillium-induced wilt in cotton

58%
Kobra N., Jalil K., Youbert G.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2009
|
tom 49
|
nr 2
185-189
The objective of this investigation was to study the effects of three Glomus species: G. etunicatum, G. intraradices and G. versiforme on the development of verticillium wilt in cotton plants. Results indicated that the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as a biocontrol agents were different among three Glomus species. In diseased cotton plants colonized by G. etunicatum, the disease index was lower than others and also, higher colonization percentage was relevant to these plants. On the other hand, the establishment of mycorrhizal symbiosis and development of structure of AMF were reduced when both symbiotic and pathogenic fungi infected the same root. In addition, the symptoms of veticillium wilt were diminished too. These results revealed that the beneficial effects of mycorrhiza could alleviate the pathogenic effects of V. dahliae and also a competitive interaction existed between these pathogenic and symbiont fungi.
10
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Mosquito fauna and perspectives for intergrated control of urban vector-mosquito populations in Southern Benin [West Africa]

58%
Lingenfelser A., Rydzanicz K., Kaiser A., Becker N.
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
|
2010
|
tom 17
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nr 1
49-57
11
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The effect of biological and chemical control agents on the health status of the very early potato cultivar Rosara

58%
Cwalina-Ambroziak B., Damszel M. M., Glosek-Sobieraj M.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2015
|
tom 55
|
nr 4
The external appearance and quality of table potatoes are determined, among other factors, by the health status of the plants during the growing season. Chemical control methods are often combined with biocontrol agents to effectively fight potato pathogens. Potatoes of the very early cultivar Rosara were grown in experimental plots. The plots were located in Tomaszkowo (NE Poland, 2007–2009). The experiment involved the following treatments: 1) biological control − mycorrhizal Glomus spp. inoculum was applied to the roots, − tubers were dressed and plants were sprayed with Polyversum three times during the growing season, 2) chemical control – at two-week intervals, plants were sprayed with the following fungicides: Infinito 687.5 SC and Tanos 50 WG, Valbon 72 WG and Tanos 50 WG. In the control treatment, potato plants were not protected against pathogens. During the growing season, the severity of late blight and early blight was evaluated on a nine-point scale. The composition of fungal communities colonising potato stems was analysed. The fungistatic properties of the fungicides used in the field experiment were evaluated in an in vitro test. The symptoms of infections caused by Phytophthora infestans and Alternaria spp. were significantly reduced in the treatment which used the integrated chemical and biological control. The least diverse fungal community was isolated from fungicide-treated plants. In the in vitro test, fungicides at all analysed concentrations inhibited the linear mycelial growth of selected pathogens.
12

The role of parasitoids in limiting the harmfulness of leafrollers in apple orchards

58%
Pluciennik Z., Olszak R. W.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2010
|
tom 50
|
nr 1
1-8
The aim of the studies was to determine significance of parasitoids as biocontrol agents against teafrollers in apple orchards. The studies were performed in different parts of Poland in 1994-2001. An average parasitization level of caterpillars amounted to ca. 8.6%, and it varied broadly up to individual orchards (from 2.4 to 32.4%). A natural parasitization level was strictly related to the intensity of orchards' protection against pests. Higher parasitization was observed in case of less protected orchards, and in those ones with a great number of leafrollers. The greatest share in parasitizing leafroller caterpillars was stated for hymenopterans belonging to two families: Ichneumonidae and Braconidae. Populations of leafrollers were most effectively reduced by the following parasitoid species: Ascogaster rufidens, Apanteles ater, Meteorus ictericus, Macrocentrus linearis and M. thoracicus of Braconidae as well as Campoplex mutabilis, Lissonota segmentator, Phytodietus segmentator, Itoplectis maculator, Diadegma armillatum and Apechthis rufata of Ichneumonidae. The results of conducted research also revealed preferences of particular parasitoids to parasitize some leafroller species. A. rufidens had the greatest share in parasitizing caterpillars of Pandemis heparana. Among hymenopterani parasitoids of Archips rosanus, the one most numerously occurring was C. mutabilis, also considered as the main parasitoid of Acleris rhombana. In parasitizing the leafroller Adoxophyes orana the greatest share fell to M. ictericus while in case of Spilonota ocellana - the most frequent parasitoid was A. quadridentata. Tachinid flies were found to be of a minor importance in parasitization of leafroller caterpillars. They were only raised from four leafroller species, and their largest share fell in parasitization of A. rosanus. Parasitation of A. rosanus eggs by Trichogramma sp. varied broadly depending on individual orchards and growing seasons, and ranged 0.8 to 33.9%.
13

Assessment of phytotoxic spent broth and spores of Alternaria alternata [LC-508] as a formulation with enhanced mycoherbicidal activity to control Lantana camara

58%
Saxena S., Pandey A. K.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2009
|
tom 49
|
nr 1
1-5
Enhanced social concern towards the ill effects of synthetic agrochemicals, their residual toxicity and resistance development in the target pests created a necessity of exploration of alternatives. Fungal biocontrol agents have been used as herbicides over two decades and research continues to enhance their efficacy comparable to synthetic herbicides. Combinations of synthetic herbicides with the fungal biocontrol agents was an approach adopted to enhance mycoherbicidal activity but had limited acceptance due to negative effects of their synthetic components. Hence a necessity for development of the formulations having least toxicity or being benign to non-target organisms was felt. The present study brings forth a new dimension of holistic and ecofriendly bioherbicidal formulations comprising of crude phytotoxins and spores of Alternaria alternata LC# 508 which enhances outstandingly its mycoherbicidal potential. Spent broth of Alternaria alternata (LC#508) exhibited toxic activity to its spores (autotoxicity) at a concentration of 50μg/ml which was used for developing five formulations FN1 to FN5. Formulations No. 5 was the best of all the formulations when evaluated by pot trails compared to control and other formulations. Disease onset and mortality was observed in 3.5 days and 5 days respectively in case of formulation No 5 (50 μg of crude spent broth + 1x 106 spores/ml) when compared to spore spray alone. Thus the formulation of crude spent broth and fungal spores could be developed as a cost effective and efficacious bioherbicide formulation when compared to the spores alone.
14

Biodiversity and biocontrol at the 5th EFPP Conference in Sicily, Italy

58%
Manka M., Kozlowska M.
Phytopathologia Polonica
|
2001
|
tom 21
15

Multicellular behaviour and production of a wide variety of toxic substances support usage of Bacillus subtilis as a powerful biocontrol agent

58%
Nagorska K., Bikowski M., Obuchowski M.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
2007
|
tom 54
|
nr 3
Intensive cultivation of plants in the monoculture field system in order to feed the continuously growing human population creates a need for their protection from the variety of natural competitors such as: bacteria, fungi, insects as well as other plants. The increase in the use of chemical substances in the 20th century has brought many effective solutions for the agriculture. However, it was extremely difficult to obtain a substance, which would be directed solely against a specific plant pathogen and would not be harmful for the environment. In the late 1900's scientists began trying to use natural antagonisms between resident soil organism to protect plants. This phenomenon was named biocontrol. Biological control of plants by microorganisms is a very promising alternative to an extended use of pesticides, which are often expensive and accumulate in plants or soil, having adverse effects on humans. Nonpathogenic soil bacteria living in association with roots of higher plants enhance their adaptive potential and, moreover, they can be beneficial for their growth. Here, we present the current status of the use of Bacillus subtilis in biocontrol. This prevalent inhabitant of soil is widely recognized as a powerful biocontrol agent. Naturally present in the immediate vicinity of plant roots, B. subtilis is able to maintain stable contact with higher plants and promote their growth. In addition, due to its broad host range, its ability to form endospores and produce different biologically active compounds with a broad spectrum of activity, B. subtilis as well as other Bacilli are potentially useful as biocontrol agents.
16
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Human exposure to airborne fungi from genera used as biocontrol agents in plant production

58%
Madsen A. M., Hansen V. M., Meyling N. V., Eilenberg J.
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
|
2007
|
tom 14
|
nr 1
The fungi Trichoderma harzianum, T. polysporum, T. viride, Paeciliomyces fumosoroseus, P. lilacinus, Verticillium/lecanicillium lecanii, Ulocladium oudemansii, U. atrum and Beauveria bassiana are used or considered to be used for biocontrol of pests and plant diseases. Human exposure to these fungi in environments where they may naturally occur or are used as biocontrol agents has not been directly investigated to date. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge of human exposure to fungi from the relevant genera. The subject of fungal taxonomy due to the rapid development of this issue is also discussed. B. bassiana, V. lecanii, T. harzianum, T. polysporum, P. lilacinus and U. oudemansii were infrequently present in the air and thus people in general seem to be seldom exposed to these fungi. However, when V. lecanii was present, high concentrations were measured. Fungi from the genera Trichoderma, Paecilomyces and Ulocladium were rarely identifi ed to the species level and sometimes high concentrations were reported. T. viride and U. atrum were detected frequently in different environments and sometimes with a high frequency of presence in samples. Thus, people seem to be frequently exposed to these fungi. Sequence data have led to recent revisions of fungal taxonomy, and in future studies it is important to specify the taxonomy used for identifi cation, thus making comparisons possible.
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