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1

Production and characteristics of a heavy metals removing bioflocculant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

100%
Gomaa E. Z.
Polish Journal of Microbiology
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2012
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tom 61
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nr 4
The !occulating activity of a bioflocculant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC-10145 using kaolin clay was assayed. The in!uence of carbon, nitrogen sources, pH and culture temperature on bioflocculant production was investigated. The effects of cationic compounds, bioflocculant dosage, pH and temperature on flocculating activity were also determined. Of the cations tested, Ca2+, K +, Na+, Zn2+, Mg2+ and Cu2+ improved flocculating activity whereas Fe3+ and Al3+ caused its inhibition. The highest flocculating activity was observed at pH 7.0.The bioflocculant had a good flocculating activity of 80.50% for kaolin suspension with a dosage of only 1%. The bioflocculant was heat-stable and its activity was only decreased to 60.16% after heating at 100°C for 60 min. Chemical analyses of the purified bioflocculant indicated that it was a sugar-protein derivative, composed of protein (27%, w/w) and carbohydrate (89%,w/w ) including neutral sugar, uronic acid and amino sugar as the principal constituents in the relative weight proportions of 30.6%, 2.35% and 0.78%, respectively. The elemental analysis of the bio!occulant revealed the mass proportion of C, H and N was 19.06, 3.88 and 4.32 (%), correspondingly. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed that the exopolymers consisted of carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino and sugar derivative groups. The heavy metal adsorption by the bioflocculant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be influenced by the initial metal concentration, bioflocculant concentration and pH of the biosorption solution. This study demonstrates that microbial bioflocculant has potential to be used as an alternative bioremedial tool for industrial efluents and wastewater treatments which are co-contaminated with heavy metals.
2
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Purification of wastewater by natural flocculants

75%
Czemierska M., Szczes A., Jarosz-Wilkolazka A.
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
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2015
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tom 96
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nr 4
3

Bioflocculant production by a consortium of two bacterial species and its potential application in industrial wastewater and river water treatment

63%
Cosa S., Okoh A.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2014
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tom 23
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nr 3
We assessed the bioflocculant production potentials of a consortium of two marine bacterial species belonging to the Oceanobacillus and Halobacillus genera, isolated from sediment samples of Algoa Bay in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Cell free culture broth of the consortium had a flocculating activity of 98.3%, which is higher than those of pure cultures of the individual species. The purified bioflocculant was more efficient (optimum dose 0.2 mg·ml⁻¹) in the flocculation of kaolin suspension (4 g·l⁻¹) compared to polyelectrolyte (optimum dose 0.3 mg·ml⁻¹) and alum (optimum dose 1 mg·ml⁻¹), which are both commercially available coagulants. A neutral pH condition and the presence of Ca²⁺ as cation resulted in optimum activity of the bioflocculant. Also, the purified bioflocculant removed chemical oxygen demand (COD) in brewery wastewater, dairy wastewater, and river water at efficiencies of 99.7, 99.9, and 63.5%, respectively, and also reduced their turbidity by 93.9, 88.3, and 98.6%, respectively. Composition analysis revealed the bioflocculant to be mainly polysaccharide with an amorphous-crystal-like structure. FTIR spectra revealed the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amino groups in its thermo-stability test, suggesting a thermostable bioflocculant.
4

Isolation and characterization of extracellular bioflocculants produced by bacteria isolated from Qatari ecosystems

63%
Abd-El-Haleem D. A. M., Al-Thani R. F., Al-Mokemy T., Al-Marii S., Hassan F.
Polish Journal of Microbiology
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2008
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tom 57
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nr 3
Compared with conventional synthetic flocculants, bioflocculants has special advantages such as safety, strong effect, biodegradable and harmlessness to humans and the environment, so they may potentially be applied in drinking and wastewater treatment, downstream processing, and fermentation processes. To utilize bioflocculants widely in industrial fields, it is desirable to find various microorganisms with high bioflocculant-producing ability and improve the flocculating efficiency of the bioflocculant. In the present study, screening of new flocculant-producing microorganisms was carried out using samples collected from different Qatari ecosystems. The flocculating activity of the novel bioflocculants produced by isolated microorganisms was investigated. A total of 5 g/l Kaolin suspension was used to measure the flocculating activity. Isolated bioflocculant-producing bacteria were identified by 16S rDNA analysis, using PCR with universal primers. Comparative analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence (~550 bp) in the GenBank database revealed that these bacteria are related to the genus Bacillus. FT-IR spectrometry analysis of the extracted bioflocculants indicated the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl and amino groups preferred for the flocculation process. Influences of pH and bioflocculant dosage on the flocculation were also examined. The maximum flocculating rates were observed at pH 7, 7 and 3 of the bioflocculants derived from strains QUST2, QUST6 and QUST9, respectively. However, 20.0 mg/l was the dose that gave the highest flocculating rate with all examined bioflocculants. The elemental analysis of examined bioflocculants revealed the mass proportion of C, H, N and S. Carbon and nitrogen contents of examined bioflocculants were in the range of 42-48% and 11-12%, respectively.
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