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The research focused on the effect of GA₃ and BA on the yield of Allium karataviense ‘Ivory Queen’. The substances in concentration of 500 mg₃·dm⁻³ were applied in the form of a 60-minute bulb soaking prior to planting or plant spraying in the green bud phase. It was discovered that GA₃ applied in the both forms causes the inflorescence shoot elongation and the increased number of flowers in inflorescence, and increases the total yield expressed in the bulb weight. When applied in the form of plant spraying, it increases the number of bulbs in the total yield. Plant spraying with BA leads to the production of a greater number of flowers in inflorescence. BA application in the both forms increases the total yield expressed in the bulb weight.
The effect of different levels of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and benzyladenine (BA) on shoot multiplication and regeneration of Petunia hybrida was studied. Regenerated shoots from leaf explants were grown ex vitro for analysis of somaclonal variation. Seeds of Petunia hybrida were germinated in vitro on MS basal medium. The seedlings were used as a source of explants for the multiplication and regeneration experiments. For the shoot multiplication experiment, shoot explants taken from germinated seedlings were cultured on MS basal media supplemented with different concentrations of BA (0.1, 0.4, 0.8 mgl-1) and NAA at concentration of 0.1 mg l-1. Highest number of axillary shoot was obtained on medium supplemented with 0.8 mg l-1 BA and 0.1 mgl-1NAA. For regeneration experiments, leaf sections taken from germinated seedlings were cultured onto MS media supplemented with three levels of BA (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mgl-1) and 0.5 mgl-1NAA. The highest shoot regeneration rate (45%) was observed in MS medium supplemented with 2 mg l-1 BA. For the evaluation of somaclonal variation, lateral bud explants were taken from pink colored petunia plants that were grown in the greenhouse. The buds were disinfected and cultured on MS basal media supplied with 30 mgl-1 gentamycin sulfate and 30 mg l-1 Benlate. After shoots grew, leaf sections were then taken from them shoots and cultured onto shoot regeneration medium (MS medium supplemented with 2 mg l-1 BA). The regenerated adventitious shoots were cultured on MS medium without growth regulator. These shoots were then rooted, acclimatized and transferred to the greenhouse for evaluation. Two forms of leaf shape (orbicular and elliptic) and three flower colors (violet, purple and light pink) appeared on the plantlets.
The effect of BA on the flowering of Campanula persicifolia L. ‘Alba’ cultivated in an unheated plastic tunnel and in the field was examined. BA in the concentration of 100, 200, 400 mg∙dm⁻³ was applied on the leaf twice in both years of the experiment duration. Plants not treated with benzyladenine were used as a control. It was concluded, that cultivation of Campanula persicifolia L. ‘Alba’ in an unheated plastic tunnel causes growth of fewer inflorescence stems but of better quality than in the field. Application of benzyladenine in the concentration of 400 mg∙dm⁻³ in Campanula persicifolia L. cultivation in an unheated plastic tunnel results in an increased fresh weight of inflorescence stems and number of primary side stems. Application of benzyladenine in the concentration of 400 mg∙dm⁻³ is recommended for Campanula persicifolia L. cultivated in the field due to better branching in the first and second year of flowering. Application of benzyladenine in the concentration of 200 and 400 mg∙dm⁻³ on the leaf of Campanula persicifolia L. cultivated in the tunnel leads to the production of shorter inflorescence stems in the first and second year of flowering. In the field, only the older plants (in the second year of flowering) react similarly.
Cut leaves of Zantedeschia aethiopica and Z. elliottiana are widely used as the florists’green. Over the years we studied the parameters related to postharvest quality of leaves in the two above species. Here the effect of plant hormones known to delay leaf senescence (benzyladenine and gibberellic acid) and of the standard preservative solution (8-HQC + 2% sucrose) on the reducing sugars contents is presented. BA (0.1 mmol·dm⁻³) and GA3 (0.25 mmol·dm⁻³) were applied as 24 h pulse treatments. Pulsed and unpulsed leaves were kept either in water or in the preservative. In both species contents of reducing sugars during their senescence in vases initially rose and then dropped to 60–80% of the initial levels. Pretreatment with BA did not counteract a decrease in reducing sugar contents while in the GA₃-treated leaves sugar loss was prevented in Z. aethiopica and a 20% increase occurred in Z. elliottiana. Placing leaves in the sugar containing solution provoked a dramatic loss of reducing sugars in Z. aethiopica (to 12% of the initial level) while in Z. elliottiana this loss was less pronounced (52% of the initial value). Cytokinin did not mitigate the negative effect of the preservative on reducing sugar losses while GA₃ was more effective in this respect. Results of analyses do not support hypothesis that sugar depletion might be a cause of senescence of detached leaves in the two Zantedeschia species.
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