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Bone marrow examinations were performed in a group of 10 Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows aged 2 years, which had been diagnosed with BVD/MD infection in a PCR screening test. Prior to bone marrow sampling, peripheral blood samples were collected for hematological analysis. Bone marrow was sampled from the third and fourth ribs in the sternal region, and it was placed in test tubes containing no anticoagulant. Smears were stained by the MGG method. The aim of this study was to demonstrate changes in the process of hematopoiesis in animals with clinical signs of BVD/MD. The results of the analysis revealed changes in erythrocyte, macrocyte-macrophage, lymphoid and granulocytic cell lines. There was a decrease in the number of red blood cells in the peripheral blood and polychromatic and ortochromatic erythroblasts in the bone marrow. A decrease in leukocyte counts below reference values resulted mainly from a decrease in the number of neutrophilic metamyelocytes, eosinophilic myelocytes and banded eosinophils. Moreover, a decrease in the number of megakaryocytes was observed in the megakariocytic system. BVDV infection causes changes in the activity of the hematopoietic system.
The aim of this paper is to establish the haematological and organic changes in halothane-sensitive and halothane-resistant pigs in the course of experimental anisakiosis. Experiments were carried out on two groups of pigs (3 animals each). The pigs from the first group were given fifty A. simplex B larvae, the pigs from the second one received ten larvae and then again fifteen larvae each after the 5th and 6th days. The number of leucocytes, neutrophiles, lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophiles was greater - different in both series, but similar in halothane (stress) - resistant and - sensitive pigs. In the case of sensitive pigs much greater reactive changes were found in the stomach submucosa than in that of resistant pigs. In this group of pigs nematode larvae have also been traced in the submucosa of the same organ.
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Forteen cats were used for the experiments, including 6 infected intraperitoneally, 4-perorally, 2-intraconjunctivally, 1-intratracheally, with one animal serving as a control. An acute course of the disease was found in two cats, subacute in three, and chronic in the remaining animals. One cat, infected perorally was found to be free of toxoplasmosis. Clinical picture of the disease, hematologic, electrophoretic, serologic studies and anatomo-pathologic findings are presented. The results obtained prompt the following conclusions: (1) The course of experimental toxoplasmosis in cats is likely to depend on the age, invasion route, and the material used for infecting purposes. (2) The observed clinical symptoms and anatomo-pathologic alterations do not seem to be typical of this disease. (3) Hematologic and electrophoretic studies are not contributory to the diagnosis. (4) The Sabin-Feldman's dye test apparently reflects the course of the disease, whereas the complement fixation test, for unknown reasons, fails, being negative in majority of cases with toxoplasmosis confirmed by other methods.
The studies were carried out on 2-month-old breeding carp. The CERBIO probiotic was given with corn feed at a dose of 150 or 300 g/100 kg of fodder for 53 consecutive days. The usefulness of that feeding system was assessed on the basis of body weight increase of the fish and also by taking into account immunological indices (phagocytosis, metabolic activity of neutrophiles, activity of myeloperoxidase) and haematological ones (number of leucocytes and neutrophiles, blood picture). The administration of the probiotic proved to be profitable as the body weights of the fish under study were higher compared with control group, especially when the probiotic was given at a dose of 300 g/100 kg of fodder. Immunological - and to some extent haematological results showed that the parameters examined were higher in the experimental group than those in a control one.
The reactivity of rat blood leukocytes after recurrent blood losses was examined. The blood samples were collected from the heart, three times in seven-day intervals. The volume of each sample was approximately 15% of the total blood volume. The functional changes in leukocytes were determined utilizing a test of radial segmentation of nuclei (RS) in mononuclear leukocytes and a test of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast phagocytosis. Our results demonstrate that sequential blood loss induced a decrease in the number of mononuclear cells indicating RS from 21.2% after 1st blood sampling up to 13% and 14% in following samplings: a decrease in number of phagocytic granulocytes from 49.5% after 1st blood sampling up to 41% and 39.3% after 2nd and 3rd sampling, respectively; and an increase in the number of phagocytic mononuclear blood cells from 8.5% after the 1st sampling up to 9.2% and 12.7% after the 2nd and 3rd blood samplings respectively. We affirm that this frequent blood loss modified the reactivity of blood leukocytes but did not change the WBC quantity in blood.
Hemorrhagic diathesis in neonatal calves is a new and emerging disease of young calves. The disease affects calves aged less than 4 weeks. Clinical signs in calves include skin and intestinal bleeding as well as petechiae on all mucosal membranes. The cause of this syndrome is as of yet unknown. In this study, to the best of our knowledge, the authors demonstrated the first case of hemorrhagic diathesis in neonatal calves with hematological and histopathological diagnosis. Clinical examinations demonstrated cutaneous bleeding. Hematological examination showed thrombocytopenia (43.7 × 10⁹/L) and pancytopenia (1.47 × 10⁹/L). During necropsy multiple generalized petechiae, ecchymoses or hemorrhages were ascertained. Histopathology revealed a multifocal extravasation of red blood cells (hemorrhage). Severe loss of hematopoietic tissue of the bone marrow was the most prominent finding on histology. The BVD antigen test was negative.
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