The experiment conducted in 2005 estimated the backcross efficiency of interspecific oat hybrids. Hexaploid F₁ hybrids received from crossing of common oat (A. sativa) with wild species A. sterilis (6x) and A. fatua (6x) as well as pentaploids resulted from crossing A. sativa with tetraploid species A. maroccana and A. murphyi were backcrossed with maternal form. Mean crossing effectivity in combination (A. sativa x A. sterilis) x A. sativa) was 8,48% and ranged from 0.00 to 52.63%. After pollination 3613 flowers representing 155 crossing variants, 304 hybrid kernels were obtained. Worse effect was noted for (A. sativa x A. fatua) x A. sativa combination. Pollination of 1490 flowers gave 64 kernels (4.30%). Relatively high effectivity of back pollination was observed for pentaploid F₁ hybrids A. sativa x A. maroccana. As a result of pollination of 736 flowers with pollen of proper varieties, 65 kernels (8.83%) were found. After pollination of pentaploid with pollen father form A. maroccana, 9 kernels (7.56%) were obtained. In combination (A. sativa x A. murphyi) x A. sativa effectivity of backcrossing was only 0.50%. The results indicate that effectivity of crossing within Avena genus depended mainly on genotypes of parental forms.
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