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In two vegetative seasons 2005-2006 azoxystrobin (Amistar 250 SC at the dose of 0.7 dm3/ha) was applied as a spraying treatment at the beginning of plant flowering against stem canker (Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa) in winter oilseed rape crops. The effect of the following spray application parameters: water volume (200 and 400 l/ha), adjuvant type (Break Thru S 240 - 0.1% and Atpolan 80 EC - 0.5%), and nozzle type (XR11002 - fine droplet size and DB11002 - coarse droplets at 0.4 MPa pressure) on the fungicide efficacy was studied. The results of presented studies indicated that azoxystrobin (Amistar 250 SC) caused a significant decrease of rape infection by stem canker. Addition of adjuvants did not significantly increase the fungicide effectiveness, and sometimes lowered its action (especially after the application of Atpolan 80 EC). The applied spray volumes of water and nozzle type provided an effective protection of oilseed rape against stem canker, however, in some cases the results of field experiments were not significantly different. The best results of the disease casual agent (L. biglobosa) control, statistically proved were shown at the higher spray volume (400 l/ha), regardless of nozzle type (droplet size) and adjuvant application.
The objective of this work was to estimate the disappearance parameters of azoxystrobin, cyprodinil and fludioxonil initial deposits, active ingredients of Amistar 250 SC, and Switch 62,5 WG, at present, commonly used for the protection of fruits and vegetables against diseases of fungal origin. The tests were carried out on tomato plants grown in commercial greenhouses sprayed with homogenous 0.1% aqueous solution of these plant protection products. It was found that on tomato leaves azoxystrobin, cyprodinil, and fludioxonil residues dropped by half on average within 13, 9, and 31 days after treatments, respectively. Therefore, in conditions of high infection pressure, there is a need to repeat the fungicide application but not earlier than 10 days after previous application of Amistar 250 SC and Switch 62,5 WG.
Reduction of colony diameter using two DMI-fungicides and one strobilurine fungicide was evaluated in the Septoria tritici population. In an in vitro assay, 57 strains of S. tritici originating from different parts of the Czech Republic were grown on agar plates containing different concentrations of fungicides. The mean EC₅₀ values of strains were analysed for flusilazole (Capitain), metconazole (Caramba) and one strobilurine fungicide: azoxystrobin (Amistar). ED 50 values for metconazole were low. There were highly significant correlation in reaction of pathogen strains to metconazole and flusilazole. Some isolates showed significant higher level of resistance to azoxystrobin. The data will be used in a continuing survey of resistance development in the S. tritici population originating from the territory of the Czech Republic.
In 2009, studies on disappearance of some insecticides and fungicides on carrot fields were carried out. In total, 60 samples of soil, carrot roots and leaves were analysed. In the first test chloropyrifos (Nurelle D 550 EC) was applied only once. Mature carrot roots from that field contained its residues at the level of 0.029±0.008 mg/kg. In the second test chlorpyrifos was applied two times (Nurelle D 550 EC and Dursban 480 EC) and thus mature carrot from that field contained its residues at the level of 0.045±0.0039 mg/kg. In the tests carried out chloropyrifos and azoxystrobin residues in carrot roots were slightly above the level 0.01 mg/kg.
The aim of this work was to study the effect of new, conventional and natural products using preharvest treatments of head and chinese cabbage and their influence on control of postharvest diseases (grey mould and bacterial rot) in long-term storage. The most effective products against grey mould of head cabbage during long-term storage were: Signum 33 WG (0.75 kg/ha), Teldor 500 SC (1.5 l/ha), Amistar 250 SC (0.8 l/ha). Their effectiveness was similar to the reference product Amistar 250 SC (0.8 l/ha). The most protective control of bacterial rot and grey mould during long-term storage of chinese cabbage was obtained after treatment with Signum 33 WG (0.75–1.0 kg/ha) and Amistar Opti 480 SC (2.1 l/ha). High efficiency was obtained also after applying natural products: Timorex (7.5 l/ha), BM 608 (5.6 l/ha) and Prev-AM 060 SL (3.0 l/ha).
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