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Cough sensitivity is increased in patients with atopic dermatitis, although they have no clinical symptoms from the lower airways. In the present study we examined the cough sensitivity to capsaicin in patients, who had no clinical respiratory symptoms, with sclerodermia localized to the skin. Cough sensitivity was defined as the lowest capsaicin concentration, which evokes 2 or more coughs. Twelve patients and 12 healthy matched volunteers, as a comparison group, inhaled deep breaths (2 L) of a capsaicin aerosol in doubled concentrations (from 0.02 to 200 µmol/L). Cough sensitivity, expressed as a geometric mean (95% CI) of capsaicin concentration, was 0.15 µmol/L (0.04 to 0.56) in the patients with localized sclerodermia and 4.96 µmol/L (2.50 to 9.85) in controls, which made a significant difference towards higher cough sensitivity in sclerodemia, respiratory symptom-free patients. Thus, disease processes localized outside the respiratory tract may have surreptitious pulmonary manifestation that is brought to light by the capsaicin cough test.
Twenty-seven pruritic dogs were used in this study. When a hypoallergenic diet was fed to these 27 dogs for six weeks, none of the dogs showed improvement of the pruritus. These dogs had a history and clinical signs of atopic dermatitis (AD) as defined by Prelaud’s diagnostic criteria. Subsequently, the 27 dogs were isolated for observation for two weeks in the hospital. In the isolation room in the veterinary clinic, cages and tableware were all stainless steel, and carpet was not used. A hypoallergenic diet was continuously fed to the 27 dogs for two weeks, during which time they were kept in the isolation room. PVAS (Pruritus Visual Analog Scale) was performed prior to starting the isolation, at the start of the study and 2 weeks after starting the isolation. In 17dogs (63%) the pruritus improved in the isolation room. A statistically significant reduction (p<0.01) of PLS (Pruritus liners score) was recorded 2 weeks after isolation. It was hypothesized that the 17 dogs whose pruritus improved in the isolation room had AD caused by an environmental antigen that was not present in the isolation room. Pruritus of the remaining 10 dogs (37%) did not improve. For 6/10 dogs, the intradermal allergy testing was positive for an environmental antigen. For4/10 dogs, the intradermal allergy testing was negative for all environmental antigens. Dogs for which sensitivity to an environmental antigen was not identified were thought to have atopic-like dermatitis.
The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical state of dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD) by use of CADESI test in own modification during the first visit in the Dermatology Consult Room as well as during the treatment. The study was performed in two groups (I-E and II-C) of 20 dogs in each group. In dogs which were qualified to the I-E group, as antiallergic, anti-inflammatory and antipruritic treatment, prednisone (oral preparation Encorton – Polfa Pabianice) at dose 0.5 mg/kg b.w./day was administered, while in dogs qualified to the II-C group – cyclosporine (oral preparation Sandimmun Neoral – Novartis Pharma) at a dose of 5 mg/kg b.w./day; the treatment was continued for 6 weeks in both groups. During the study, skin lesions were assessed in 15 specified body areas using 4 parameters and 5-point scale. In group I-E and II-C the amount of received points in CADESI test was decreased by 82.26% and by 83% respectively, after the treatment. Statistical analyses of the results obtained revealed no statistically significant (P=0.05) differences between means of I-E and II-C groups in consecutive examinations, which indicates comparable clinical efficacy of both drugs. Statistically significant differences (P=0.05) of the parameters assessed were found after secondary dermatoses treatment, and after every two weeks of antipruritic and anti-inflammatory treatment.
Background. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammation of the skin recognised to be one of the first clinical signs of allergy. In the first years of life, epidemiological evidence has demonstrated that common causative foods of a child’s diet are: cow’s milk, hen’s eggs, wheat and soya. Children with AD being treated with elimination diets are at risk of nutritional deficiencies that include those nutrients required for ensuring proper skin structure and function. Objective. The aim of the study was to assess dietary intake of nutrients which affect skin condition in children with AD being treated with a milk-free diet. Materials and Methods. Subjects were 25 children aged 4-6 years with AD undergoing the milk exclusion diet and 25 age-matched healthy controls. The energy and nutritional value of diets were evaluated that included those components affecting skin condition; ie. vitamins A, D, E, B2 and C; minerals iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn); polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The Dieta 5.0 programme was used for dietary assessment and outcomes were then related to dietary recommendations. Results. There were no significant differences between groups in mean energy values and mean intakes of protein, fats and carbohydrates (p>0.05). The percentage of subjects with low energy value were 44% and 36% in respectively Groups I and II. Deficiencies of fat intake were observed in 60% in Group I and 44% in Group II. There were however no risks in the dietary intakes of protein, carbohydrate, vitamins A, B2 and C nor of Fe and Zn. Deficiencies of dietary intakes were observed in respectively Groups I and II in the following; vitamin E (24% vs 64%), vitamin D (36% vs 92%), linoleic acid (36% vs 72%), α-linolenic acid (36% vs 40%) and long chain PUFAs (96% in both groups). Conclusions. Ensuring recommended dietary supply of those nutrients affecting skin condition is required for both groups of children. Children with AD had better balanced diets in respect of the studied nutrients that may reflect the influence of continuous healthcare received from physicians and dieticians.
Respiratory allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma, rhinitis, urticaria, atopic dermatitis have been steadily increasing all over the world, including India. Owing to its alarming trend, several aerobiological surveys have been undertaken in different parts of India to delineate the variety of pollen and spore load. In this review, we have reported the current state of aerobiological knowladge in India with particular reference to allergenic airborn pollen occurence in 2001–2015. Pollen have been found to contribute a significant proportion in the air and caused allergy symptoms in the local inhabitants. Aerobiological records, a questionnaire survey and hospitalization records have been employed for the analysis. Holoptelea integrifolia, Amaranthus spinosus in northern region, Sorghum vulgare, Pennisetum, Gynandropsis gynandra, Parthenium hysterophorus, Dolichandrone platycalyx in southern regions, and Parthenium hysterophorus from the western region; Cynodon dactylon, Cenchrus ciliaris in the central area; Acacia auriculiformis, Cleome gynandra, Catharanthus roseus, Phoenix sylvestris, Areca catechu, and Lantana camara in the eastern regions as potential aeroallergens in India. The statistical approach confirmed the correlation between hospitalization rate associated with allergy-related health troubles and the prevalent allergenic pollen in the air. The Poaceae group has been found to be dominant throughout India. Immuno-biochemical studies identified various protein with allergenic potential found in the pollen recorded. Epitope identification and homology of the major allergenic protein Cat r1 of Catharanthus sp and Par j 1 of Parietaria judaica have been found. Identification of allergenic pollen grains and the modern approach concerning cross-reactivity and epitope revelation of dominant airborne pollen have important clinical implications for the prevention, diagnosis and treatments of allergic diseases in India.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the suitability of pruritus score test in pruritus diagnosis in dogs. The test was used to assess the frequency and severity of pruritus in dogs between 1 and 3 years of age, suffering from atopic dermatitis. Skin pruritus was assessed: during the first visit (examination 0), after elimination of secondary dermatosis (examination 1), 2 weeks after the treatment with prednisone - group I-E or cyclosporine - group II-C (examination 2) as well as 6 weeks after treatment (examination 3). In examination 0, the skin pruritus in all dogs was scored at 26.75%. Reduction of pruritus was observed during the treatment in examination 3 in dogs of group I-E (by 80.46%) and in dogs of group II-C (by 86.12%) in comparison with examination 0. Localisation of pruritus in particular body parts was also examined, resulting in observation that in examination 0 it was mostly found in interdigital space of front paws, facial part of the muzzle, chin, ears but not always with the same intensity in symmetrically placed body parts. Mean values of the measurement were statistically significant (P≤0.005) after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of the treatment in I-E and II-C groups. No statistically significant differences were observed between I-E and II-C groups in consecutive measurements.
Background. Water derived from Miocene aquifer in Wielkopolska region (Poland) has a ‘brown-black’ colouration resulting from humus substances. Because this colour is difficult to remove, such water is considered unfit for human consumption. The presence of naturally occurring humus acids with known biochemical properties may however lend such water for use in medicine, cosmetics or agriculture. Objective. To determine and evaluate the properties of ‘brown-black’ Miocene waters from analysing their physico-chemistry properties, mineral content and the presence and structures of humus acids. Material and Methods. The test material was 4 samples of intensely coloured ‘brown-black’ underground waters from Miocene aquifer taken from the Greater Poland region at different locations; Obrzycko and Braczewo (both by Szamotuly), Sepno (by Koscian) and in Poznan (Szkolna Street). Results. The water type was HCO3-Cl-Na with dissolved minerals ranging at concentrations of 828.5 mg/dm3 (Poznan) to 1600.5 mg/dm3 (Obrzycko). Fluorides were present at 0.71 mg/dm3 (Poznan) to 1.41 mg/dm3 (Braczewo) whilst iron (II) (ferrous ion) ranged from >10 mg/dm3 (Obrzycko) to 22.7 mg/dm3 (Sepno). Levels of humus acids varied between 188.6 mg/dm3 (Sepno) to 1501.8 mg/dm3 (Obrzycko) with predomination humic acids over hymatomelanic acids by factors from 1.3 to 10.6. Conclusions. Due to the test water’s mineral content, which includes significant levels of iron II, fluoride and humus acids (> 50 mg/dm3), it is suggested that it has therapeutic value and is suitable for medicinal bath treatments and in manufacturing medical products or cosmetics.
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