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Six species of Eimeria were found in sheep from the mountain region of Poland: E. parva, E. pallida, E. nina-kohl-yakimovi, E. faurei, E. intricata and E. arloingi. E. parva (36.1%), E. nina-kohl-yakimovi (33.5%) and E. Faurei (30.2%) were frequently found. Seasonal dynamie of coccidiosis in lambs nontreated and treated with Lasalocid (20 mg/kg fodder) was obserwed. The maximum extensity and intensity in nontreated animals were found in the period from July to October (85-90% infected lambs). In lambs treated with Lasalocid the extensity was very low, i.e. only in 5-10% of treated animals single oocysts were found. Final weight was higher by about 5.4 kg and wool piroductivity by about 0.32 kg in the Lasalocid treated, compared with the control, nontreated group.
The aims of the study were determining the median cytotoxicity indicate (IC50), nature of cell death (apoptosis/ necrosis), assessment and morphology of changes observed in FAO cell line culture of hepatocytes subjected to ionophore antibiotics, salinomycin and lasalocid, incubations. INVTTOX recommended MTT, NRU and KB cytotoxicity tests were used to research mitochondrial, protein synthesis and cell proliferation. In addition cell staining in order to reveal membrane destruction that established cell death character May-Grunwald & Giemsa staining were also conducted. Cytotoxicity indices (IC50) estimated by the 24 hour MTT test were at a level 2.41 ± 0.29 mM and 7.93 ± 0.01 mM; however, after a 48 hour incubation the values lowered to 0.112739 ± 0.01 mM and 0.59 ± 0.01 mM for salinomycin and lasalocid, respectively. In contrast to the MTT data, that of NRU and KB tests were higher, indicating mitochondria as the main subcellular target for the antibiotic action. The determined IC50 values were positively related to DL50 (the data from references). Hepatocytes death were established to be of an apoptosis nature. Cell morphology was changed from IC50 depending on manner; the lower value of the indicate corresponded to more pronounced cytopathologic findings. Summarizing, monolayer cell cultures of rat hepatocytes proved to serve as a useful model for cytotoxicity studies enabling to indicate subcellular targets for ionophore antibiotics
The examination have been undertaken in order to determine the influence of avoparcin given to cows during high pregnancy and early lactation on their health, fertility and milk yields. The data were assessed in relation to the indices of lipid metabolism. The studies included 120 cows divided into two groups, i.e. the experimental one and the control. The experimental group was given avoparcin to the fodder at the dose of 100 mg per one animal per 24 hours for 4 weeks prior to parturition and 100 days after it. The control group was similarly fed but without avoparcin. The results obtained revealed that the addition of avoparcin influenced the liver activity as a stabilizer of lipid metabolism especially before parturition. No side effects were observed. Under such conditions better milk yields and reproduction performance were noticed.
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