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The aim of the study was to analyse the effect of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB1) on total antioxidant status (TAS). The studies were conducted on Wistar male rats weighing 190-200 g. The animals were given for 7 d varied doses of AFB1, from 0.5 mg/kg b.w. to 2 mg/kg b.w. TAS and concentration of uric acid were determined in blood serum. The administration of AFB1 caused a decrease in TAS value, the most significant in the rats, which received the highest dose. AFB₁ disturbed the second line of defence against free radicals, which was proved by an increase in the second line defence antioxidant, i.e. uric acid.
Rats were subjected to different running trainings on a treadmill for 3 weeks, including continuous endurance and intermittent exercises at speed intensity of 10,22 and 30 m/min (°15), respectively. On the last day of the training period, the animals were dosed with Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-NAME (30 mg/kg b.w.), and they were further subjected to exhaustive running exercise (22 m/min; °15). Studies showed that inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) with L-NAME mitigated pro- and anti-oxidative (TB/TA) balance in the blood plasma of rats subjected to exhaustive exercise. Intermittent training before the exhaustive exercise enhanced L-NAME-induced effects on TB/TA levels in rats, but it was not observed in continuous endurance trainings
Sulphide-2-chloroethyl-3-chloropropyl is an alkylating agent. It posssesses mutagenic and carcinogenic properties, participates in oxidative processes and can induce lipid peroxidation.The aim of our investigation was to define antioxidative activity of natural anthocyanins after single experimental intoxication with sulphide-2-chloroethyl-3-chloropropyl in mice. Catalase activity in hemolysate, thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) concentration in hemolysate and selected organs were determined. The study confirms increased lipid peroxidation as a result of sulphide-2-chloroethyl-3-chloropropyl intoxication, but natural anthocyanines derived from Aronia Melanocarpa also seem to play a protective role as an antioxidative agent.
Antioxidant defence system (activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase), and free radical modification of lipids were determined in the gills from male and female brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN). In both males and females, lipid oxidation in the gills from UDN-affected trout showed higher values as compared to the respective control. UDN induced an increase of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels both in the gills of males and females. UDN caused a decrease in gill antioxidant enzyme activities. This might be due to inactivation of the abovementioned enzymes by the end products of lipid peroxidation. The importance of the glutathionemediated antioxidant defence system in protection against UDN-induced oxidative stress was demonstrated.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidative potential of blood during standard physical exercise of horses. The study included 114 clinically healthy horses representing different groups: breeding horses (27), recreation horses (22), and sport horses (65). The group of sport horses consisted of race horses (11), trotters (15), and jumping (25) and driving horses (14). The blood was collected from external jugular vein three times: before exercise, immediately after exercise, and after 30-min rest. The following enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidative indices were determined: superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase, albumin, total bilirubin, uric acid, and total antioxidant status (TAS). The study demonstrated a temporary post exercise mobilisation of antioxidative mechanisms, especially in cases of intensively trained competitive horses. It was demonstrated that among the antioxidants, the activity of GPx showed the high post-exercise changeability, which suggests a great importance of this enzyme in the protection of the organism from the increased generation of reactive oxygen species. The analysis of results of pre- exercise examination indicated higher rest values of main antioxidative enzymes and TAS in horses trained regularly and intensively than those in animals of a small physical activity. These results prove the positive influence of training on antioxidative potential of blood in horses.
The present study was aimed to assess the antihyperlipidemic, antihypertensive and antioxidant effect of D-carvone, a monoterpene against Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) induced hypertension. Hypertension was prompted in adult male albino rats of the Wistar strain by oral administration of the L-NAME (40 mg/kg body weight) in drinking water for 4 weeks. Rats were treated with D-carvone (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight) for four weeks. L-NAME treated rats exhibited significant increase in water intake, heart rate, aortic lipids level such as triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), free fatty acids (FFA) and significant decrease in the level of phospholipids (PL), plasma nitric oxide (NO). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were decreased in erythrocytes of L-NAME induced hypertensive rats. Treatment with D-carvone restored all the above parameters to near normal level. These results suggest that D-carvone acts as an antihyperlipidemic, antihypertensive and antioxidant agent against L-NAME induced hypertensive rats.
In this study, the total antioxidant status (TAS) was assayed in the blood serum of rats pretreated per os with either N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) (0.1 mg/kg b.w./day) or N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU) (0.1 mg/kg b.w./day) for 30 days. The animals were also dosed per os with spermidine (SPR) (10 mg/kg b.w./day) for a first 21 day period, and Nto-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (10 mg/kg b.w./day) given to animals for 3 days (days 22-24), respectively. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, L-NAME was found to mitigate TAS levels in the blood serum of rats pretreated with NDEA and NMU. No such changes were found in animals dosed with L-NAME only nor even with L-NAME and spermidine, respectively. Since spermidine, also known as an inhibitor of iNOS synthesis, elevated TAS levels in rats dosed with L-NAME and NDEA/NMU, the polyamine was suggested to modify the NOS/NO origin to serve the physiological level of the total anti-oxidant status in rat blood serum.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of brachytherapy on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in patients with uterine cervix cancer. The study was conducted on 84 uterine cervix cancer patients from the Brachytherapy Department of the Regional Centre of Oncology in Bydgoszcz. Patients with uterine cervix cancer were found to have elevated levels of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence system impairment relative to healthy females. The results of the study indicate that brachytherapy has no direct effect on the antioxidant system of patients with uterine cervical carcinoma. However, the normalisation of catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity and erythrocyte TBARS level observed six months after the end of therapy may be due to the arrest of the progression of the disease.
Effect of dried pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima D.) supplementation on growth performance, serum biochemistry and parameters antioxidant status of rats. The aim of the studies was to determine the effect of dried pumpkin, used in the diets for rats on parameters of growth, nutrient metabolism and antioxidant status of the animals. The experiment was carried out for 7 weeks with 30 growing male Wistar rats. The animals were classified into three groups, 10 individuals in each group, with the initial body weight of 108 g. The control group (G-0) was fed the semi-synthetic mixture without dried pumpkin additive whereas the experimental groups received the mixture with 5-% (G-5) and 10-% (G-10) additive of the dried pumpkin, Ambar variety. The dry substance was obtained from disintegrated fruits, deprived of seed nests, dried at temperature of 60°C. During the experiment weight gains and feed intake were controlled. After termination of the experiment, the rats were killed by anaesthesia; the blood samples were collected and biochemical indices and indicators of antioxidant status were determined. The dietary treatments had no effects on animal growth and feed utilization. In the animals receiving dried pumpkin in their diets (G-5, G-10) significantly lower level of glucose concentration in serum was found. In group G-0, the higher concentration of triacylglycerolsin relation to group G-10 was recorded. Also, the concentration of total cholesterol in group G-0 was higher in comparison to groups G-5 and G-10. In group G-0, VLDL concentration was also higher in relation to group G-10. In group G-10 vs. groups G-5 and G-0, the higher activity of glutathione peroxidise (GPx) was recorded. Total antioxidant status (TAS) was higher in group G-10 in comparison to groups G-0 and G-5. The effect of the administered diet on indicators of the degree of lipid oxidation was also found. In group G-10 vs. group G-0, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration was lower.
The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of ethanol intoxication as well as in vitro effect of ethanol, acetaldehyde, and tBOOH on antioxidant status of erythrocytes and on haematological parameters in rats. It has been shown that ethanol intoxication caused a decrease in SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and GSSG-R activities and in GSH and vitamin E levels in erythrocytes as well as in RBC count, and HGB and HCT values. These changes were accompanied by an enhanced lipid peroxidation estimated on the basis of MDA level. Green tea administration partially prevented the observed changes. In the in vitro experiment, ethanol and to a higher degree acetaldehyde and tBOOH caused a decrease in the activity of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GSSG-R) and in the concentration of non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH, vitamins E and C). All the examined compounds enhanced lipid peroxidation process. However, a green tea due to its antioxidant properties partially protected erythrocytes against ethanol, acetaldehyde, and tBOOH action.
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