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1

The dual mechanism of the antifungal effect of new lysosomotropic agents on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae RXII strain

100%
Krasowska A., Chmielewska L., Luczynski J., Witek S., Sigler K.
Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters
|
2003
|
tom 08
|
nr 1
Quinacrine was used to visualize the intracellular pH changes in the yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae RXII occurring after exposure to four recently-synthesized lysosomotropic drugs: DM-11, PY-11, PYG-12s and DMAL-12s. The cells took up quinacrine, mostly accumulating it in their vacuoles. DM-11 and PY-11 gave rise to diffuse quinacrine fluorescence throughout the cells, with the vacuoles staining to a somewhat greater extent than the cytosol. This quinacrine-detected overall acidification of the cell interior is very probably caused by blocking of plasma membrane H+-ATPase. PYG-12s gave rise to a strong vacuolar accumulation of the dye. Like the vacuolar ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1, DMAL-12s strongly lowered the intensity of quinacrine fluorescence. Owing to its low pKa, it can penetrate rapidly into the cells and may inhibit vacuolar H+-ATPase and prevent quinacrine-detectable vacuolar acidification without causing strong cell acidification. Since these drugs were found to penetrate into the cells, their lack of effect may reflect a higher resistance of both plasma membrane H+-ATPase and vacuolar ATPase to the drugs. Our data indicate that the lysosomotropic drugs under study have a dual action. On entering the cell, they cause intracellular acidification, very probably by inhibiting plasma membrane H+-ATPase and curtailing active proton pumping from the cells. Furthermore, they interfere with the function of V-type ATPase, causing vacuolar alkalinization and eventually cell death.
2

Antifungal effect of powdered spices and their extracts on growth and activity of some fungi in relation to damping-off disease control

72%
El-Mougy N. S., Abdel-Kader M. M.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2007
|
tom 47
|
nr 3
267-278
The antifungal effect of twenty powdered spice plants and their extracts at concentrations of 2, 4,8 and 1, 3, 6%, respectively was evaluated in relation to the radial mycelial growth of various soilbome fungi causing damping-off disease. The spice powder or extract were added to the culture medium PDA to obtain the proposed concentrations. Concentration of 8% of powdered spices and 6% of their extracts were able to cause complete growth inhibition of major tested fungi. High significant inhibitory effect on radial fungal growth was observed for different concentrations of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus), cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannil), garlic (Allium sativum) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris). Meanwhile, fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), marjoram (Origanum majorana) and chamomile (Matricaria hamomilla) showed a low inhibitory effect on tested fungi. Moderate inhibitory effect was observed with the other tested spices. In the greenhouse, efficacy of spice plants as powder or their extracts in addition to the fungicide Rizolex-T used as seed dressings against faba bean damping-off incidence was evaluated in pot experiment using soil artificially infested with the disease agents (Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani). Spice extracts showed superior reducing effect on damping-off disease incidence at pre-emergence growth stage to that of powder treatments and Rizolex-T as well, while an opposite effect was observed at post-emergence growth stage. Carnation and cinnamon spices showed the highest protecting effect against disease incidence when applied as powder or extracts. It is interesting to note that spice plants as powder or extracts gave a similar effect to the fungicide Rhizolex-T in reducing damping-off incidence either at pre- or post-emergence stages of faba bean growth. Promising applicable technique could be suggested in the light of the results obtained. The use of spice plants as powder or extract for seed dressing might be considered as safe, cheep and easily applied method for controlling soilbome plant pathogens considering the avoidance of environmental pollution and the side effect of pesticide application.
3
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Antifungal effect of Satureja khuzestanica Jamzad essential oil on oral candidiasis in immunosuppressed rats

72%
Najibzadeh T., Yadegary M. H.
Herba Polonica
|
2018
|
tom 64
|
nr 3
The antimicrobial, antibacterial, antioxidant, antihyperlipidaemic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Satureja khuzestanica (Lamiaceae) have been investigated in numerous studies. The antifungal effects of S. khuzestanica essential oil (SKJO) in immunosuppressed rats suffering from oral candidiasis were investigated. A fungal suspension with a density of 3×108 CFU/ml was taken from the isolate of a case with acute vaginitis. In order to achieve a medicinal formulation, accurate twice the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of SKJO and 10 times MIC of nystatin was used with 0.8% agar as a base material. In this study, 35 rats divided into 5 groups each of 7 were used. The assessment of level of infection and specification of the effects of treatment were performed using microbiological and histopathological methods as well as clinical examinations. Our results show that carvacrol is the main compound of SKJ essential oil. Lesions completely disappeared in both treatment groups (SKJO and nystatin) after 8 days of treatment. Furthermore, in groups treated with SKJO and nystatin, the quantities of mean logarithm of colony forming unit (CFU) were 85.62% and 90.62%, respectively, in comparison with placebo group. Also, histopathological properties suggested no infection in groups who had clean and normal dorsal tongue mucosa. Using SKJO with twice accuracy it was concluded that MIC in immunosuppressed rats was quite successful in a time of a week and equal with that of a nystatin treatment with an accuracy of 10 times the MIC.
4
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The influence of precursors and elicitor feeding on lignans accumulation in cultures of Taxus × media roots carrying a taxadiene synthase transgene

58%
Wencel A., Syklowska-Baranek K., Lysik K., Pietrosiuk A.
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
|
2015
|
tom 96
|
nr 1
5

Growth of micromycetes fungi in the presence of essential oils

58%
Snieskiene V., Stankeviciene A., Juronis V.
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Biological Sciences
|
2003
|
tom 51
|
nr 3
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