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Am I thin enough? An introduction to anorexia nervosa. Face of this eating disorder in Poland

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Rzepko A., Osinska P., Makowska M.

Health Problems of Civilization

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2016

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tom 10

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nr 3

Anorexia nervosa is a serious and potentially life-threatening eating disorder. Persons, who struggle with this problem, consciously starve and quickly lose weight. It is one of the most common mental disease among young women. The following article is an introduction to the anorexia issue. It presents a definition of anorexia, its historical background, a discussion about its causes and ways of treatment. The knowledge of anorexia as well as its risk factors is essential to take appropriate measures connected with the help for the ill people. Anorexics, who discern their disease and understand related to it dangers for their health and lives, undergo treatment more willingly. The following text shows recent Polish research and discusses the anorexia problem in this country. This article also presents a controversy over polish Pro-Ana movement.

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Bioelements and eating disorders - aspects of the quality of life

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Makara-Studzinska M., Morylowska-Topolska J., Koslak A., Urbanska A.

Journal of Elementology

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2010

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tom 15

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nr 2

405-412

Anorexia nervosa and bulimia are emotional disorders which are a serious hazard to the physical health or life. They most often affect girls and young women and disorganize their mental and social life. In this paper, complications caused by eating disorders as a result of deficiency or excessive loss of bioelements by an organism are reviewed along their influence on the quality of life. The symptoms of anorexia nervosa are the following: weight loss over 15% of the standard body mass for the age and height, severe fear of body weight gain despite clear evidence of weight deficiency. The main symptoms of bulimia involve uncontrolled overeating and counteracting weight gain which could occur after overeating episodes by self-induced vomitting or overuse of laxatives and diuretics. Medical complications of bulimia are related to the method and frequency of purgation, while in anorexia they are caused by starvation and weight loss. The following deviations are observed in both restrictive and bulimic forms on anorexia: hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia and sometimes also hyponatremia, hypomegnesemia and hypochloremic alkalosis. Many electrolytic and acid abnormalities are found in bulimia depending on the method for laxation (self-induced vomitting, misuse of laxatives or diuretics). Most patients adapt well for a relatively long time to low levels of potassium in plasma but sometimes the situation may cause life threatening consequences, like dysrhythmia, paralytic ileus, neuropathy, muscle weakness and paresis. Physicians and patients should understand that anorexia nervosa is a systemic disease and can affect all body organs. Full knowledge about possible complications of anorexia nervosa allows physicians to achieve precise assessment and conduct appropriate treatment of patients when the diagnosis has already been made.

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Spirometric parameters in malnourished girls with anorexia nervosa

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Ziora K., Ziora D., Oswiecimska J., Roczniak W., Machura E., Dworniczak S., Tomalak W., Dyduch A.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement

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2008

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tom 59

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nr 6

801-807

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EDI questionnaire in evaluation of eating disorders in students and pupils groups

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Kolarzyk E., Dyras M., Lyszczarz J., Jaworska-Szyc J.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2004

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tom 13

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nr Suppl.2, Part 1

In assessing the meaningful cognitive-behavioural dimensions in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa the Eating Disorder Inventory Questionnaire plays an important role. In the group of 401 medical students of Jagiellonian University (group I) and 459 pupils (group II) from the secondary schools in Krakow the eight subscales of EDI Questionnaire were performed. The six steps frequency score scale was applied. Mean scores for two compared groups were differentiated in particular subscales: Drive for thinness (3.2 - gr. I / 3.05 - gr. II), Bulimia (1.48 - 1 / 1.27 - II), Body dissatisfaction (7.7 -1 / 6.98 - II), Ineffectiveness ( 3.76 - 1 / 3.27 - II), Perfectionism (4.58 -1 / 4.11 - II), Interpersonal distrust ( 4.46 - 1 / 4.56 - II), Intercepts awareness ( 3.72 - I / 3.35 - II) and Maturity fears ( 5.03 - gr. I / 5.82 - gr. II).

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The transcript expression profile of the leptin receptor-coding gene assayed with the oligonucleotide microarray technique - could this be an anorexia nervosa marker?

84%

Janas-Kozik M., Mazurek U., Krupka-Matuszczyk I., Stachowicz M., Glogowska-Ligus J., Wilczok T.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2006

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tom 11

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nr 1

Anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder with the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disorder. The DSM-IV classification differentiates two AN types: the restricting type (AN-R) and the binge-eating/purging type (AN-BP). Leptin (LEP) levels can be thought of as a signal to the body of its energy reserves. The leptin receptor (including all its mRNA isoforms) is expressed in many tissues. Our aim was to discover the transcript expression profile of the LEP receptor-coding gene in the peripheral blood mononuclears in AN-R and AN-BP patients. Three young women suffering from Anorexia nervosa (one with AN-BP and two with AN-R) took part in the study, along with three non-anorexic subjects as our reference group. LEP receptor gene expression was examined using the oligonucleotide microarray method (HG-U133A, Affymetrix). The results were normalized using RMAExpress. Next, the accumulation analysis method was used (clustering). Hierarchical clustering resulted in three groups of separate clusters. The first group (cluster I) consisted of AN-R patients. The next group (cluster II) consisted of reference group patients suffering from different psychic disorders not related to eating disorders. Cluster III consisted of two patients — the first with AN-BP and the second with an adaptive disorder.

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Ocena poziomu wiedzy zywieniowej u osob z zaburzeniami odzywiania

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Czarnewicz-Kaminska A., Gronowska-Senger A.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2007

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tom 58

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nr 1

191-196

Celem pracy było zbadanie poziomu wiedzy u osób z zaburzeniami odżywiania. Badania prowadzono na grupie 60 osób chorych (30 osób z rozpoznaniem anorexia nervosa і 30 osób z rozpoznaniem bulimia nervosa) i 60 osób z grupy kontrolnej. Narzędziem wykorzystanym w badaniu był kwestionariusz dotyczący oceny poziomu wiedzy żywieniowej o charakterze testu jednokrotnego wyboru z jednym pytaniem otwartym. Stwierdzono, że osoby chore prezentują wyższy poziom wiedzy żywieniowej niż osoby z grupy kontrolnej, jednak że średnia odpowiedzi prawidłowych plasowała się na poziomie 51%. Stanowi to wskazanie do podjęcia edukacji żywieniowej w grupie osób z zaburzeniami odżywiania.

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Eating disorders among students of Collegium Medicum of the Jagiellonian University in Cracow

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Kolarzyk E., Ostachowska-Gasior A.

Żywienie Człowieka i Metabolizm

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2000

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tom 27

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nr 4

The number of people who suffer from eating disorders is still growing (1). Eating disorders like bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa may alter all people but in most danger are young women and some sportsmen. The aim of presented studies was to gain some information about physical condition and mental life of polish medical students for estimation a range of danger of bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa for them. By using a questionnaire “Woman Self Image and Social Ideals” there were 348 students examined: 181 students of medicine, 77 students of dentistry and 90 nursery students. According this questionnaire underweight students (BMI < 20 kg/m2 accept their physical appearance and none of them feel fat. More important for them are psychological problems than problems with figure. On the contrary, overweight students do not accept own appearance and almost half of them would prefer to be slim but without any restrictive methods like for example induced vomiting or excessive exercises. The other part of questionnaire entitled “My Own Image of Perfect Society” shows that in the opinion of all examined students the most important for people who live in perfect society are: professional competence, professional self-achievement and simultaneously a perfect figure. The last desirable attribute is to make career without any scruples. All results allowed the conclusion, that questionnaired medical students are awaken to the danger of bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa, but social and medical importance of eating disorders call for future research in order to determine groups with particular risk factors of eating disorders.

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Analiza wybranych cech sposobu zywienia i stanu odzywienia w grupie dziewczat z anoreksja psychiczna

59%

Myszkowska-Ryciak J., Karwowska D.

Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna

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2008

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tom 41

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nr 3

745-749

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The circadian variations of serum melatonin and testosterone levels in starved rats

59%

Ostrowska Z., Zwirska-Korczala K., Marek B., Buntner B.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Biological Sciences

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1995

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tom 43

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nr 1

Ograniczanie wyników

Am I thin enough? An introduction to anorexia nervosa. Face of this eating disorder in Poland

Bioelements and eating disorders - aspects of the quality of life

Spirometric parameters in malnourished girls with anorexia nervosa

EDI questionnaire in evaluation of eating disorders in students and pupils groups

The transcript expression profile of the leptin receptor-coding gene assayed with the oligonucleotide microarray technique - could this be an anorexia nervosa marker?

Ocena poziomu wiedzy zywieniowej u osob z zaburzeniami odzywiania

Eating disorders among students of Collegium Medicum of the Jagiellonian University in Cracow

Analiza wybranych cech sposobu zywienia i stanu odzywienia w grupie dziewczat z anoreksja psychiczna

The circadian variations of serum melatonin and testosterone levels in starved rats