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Phaseolamin is the name of protein extract obtained from white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) demonstrating alpha-amylase inhibiting activity. The extract is commonly used in many so called 'starch blockers' as anti-obesity and anti-diabetic remedy The mechanism of phaseolamin action was discussed and clinical and animal trials evaluating biological effects of use were reviewed. The result of the studies show, that phaseolamin has got potent anti-amylase activity in small intestine and it may be useful in specific health conditions. But the data are still limited and the research should be continued.
The artificially made kernels from ground wheat grain, commercial wheat starch and wheat proteinaceous α-amylase inhibitors in different proportions were used as feed for adults of the granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius L.). In the case of larvae of the confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum Duv.) and the Mediterranean flour moth (Anagasta kuehniella Zell.) the friable feed mixture were used. The survival of S. granarius adults has not been correlated with the soluble proteins extracted from wheat and amylolytic activity located in this protein fraction. On the other hand the weight of dust (the index of feeding intensity) produced during feeding has depended on the presence of α-amylase and trypsin inhibitors in wheat-based feed. A. kuehniella larvae have not developed at all on feed consisted of 50% wheat starch and 50% of crude a-amylase inhibitors from wheat. The same feed has caused 15.1 days of extension in development time of T. confusum larvae. lt attests to specific native enzymatic apparatus existing in alimentary canals of three damaging grain species which can overcome some obstacles even if extremely highly active insect α-amylase inhibitors were present in feed. However, the sufficient nutrient should be available in feed compounds. Nevertheless, some reduction of insects population can be expected.
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