Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik

Exposure to airborne fungi during conservative dental treatment

100%

Szymanska J.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2006

|

tom 13

|

nr 1

The aim of the study was a mycological assessment of bioaerosol forming during conservative dental treatment, taking into account concentration and type of fungal microflora, and evaluation of the influence of DUWL disinfecting protocol on the fungal contamination of the bioaerosol. The research was conducted on 25 operative sites located in public dental clinics. The air contained in the space between a patient and a dentist during conservative dental treatment with the use of a high-speed handpiece was examined. Air samples were taken using the portable RCS PLUS Air Sampler (BIOTEST AG, Dreieich, Germany) and ready-to-use agar YM Strips for yeast and mould fungi culture. The volume of the sampled air was 100 litres. Before disinfection, the concentration of fungi in the collected air samples at individual operative sites ranged from 4 × 101 cfu/m3 to 34 × 101 cfu/m3. The most common species was Penicillium herquei (62.17% of the total count), followed by other fungi: Alternaria alternata - 12.68%, Penicillium roseopurpureum - 9.41%, Rhizopus nigricans - 5.93%, Aspergillus terreus - 3.89%, Geotrichum candidum - 2.25%, Aspergillus glaucus group - 2.04%, Cladosporium cladosporoides - 1.23% and Penicillium diversum - 0.41%. The concentration of Penicillium herquei at individual operative sites ranged from 0 to 34 × 101 cfu/m3, mean 121.6 cfu/m3, Penicillium roseopurpureum - from 0 to 11 × 101 cfu/m3, mean 18.4 cfu/m3 and Alternaria alternata - from 0 to 18 × 101 cfu/m3, mean 24.8 cfu/m3. After disinfection, like before disinfection procedures, the prevailing species of fungi were: Penicillium herquei, Penicillium reseopurpureum and Alternaria alternata, which amounted to 62.6%, 18.28% and 11.36% of the isolated fungi, respectively. The recorded levels of total airborne fungi were lower after DUWL disinfection compared to those before disinfection.

2

Important phytopathogenic airborne fungal spores in a rural area: incidence of Botrytis cinerea and Oidium spp.

84%

Oliveira M., Guerner-Moreira J., Mesquita M. M., Abreu I.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2009

|

tom 16

|

nr 2

197-204

3

Microbiological air contamination in poultry houses

84%

Lonc E., Plewa K.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2010

|

tom 19

|

nr 1

15-19

Since intensive poultry production is accompanied by as high as possible densities of birds within buildings, this exposes poultry house workers to elevated concentrations of bioaerosol that is mainly emitted by birds. Exposure to dust containing pathogenic microbial and parasitic agents may cause asthma, asthma-like syndrome, mucous membrane irritation, chronic bronchitis, and allergic alveolitis organic dust toxic syndrome, as well as chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Since the microbial air pollution data base of poultry houses is insufficient at present, and poultry production is increasingly widespread, it is important to collect, compare and update the available data.

4

Microbiological quality of indoor air in university rooms

84%

Stryjakowska-Sekulska M., Piotraszewska-Pajak A., Szyszka A., Nowicki M., Filipiak M.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2007

|

tom 16

|

nr 4

623-632

A study on indoor air microbiological contamination in various rooms of university buildings in Poznań, Poland, is presented. Investigations were conducted in the period September-October 2002 and the same period in 2003. Air samples were taken twice a day: in the morning and in the afternoon. In all of the tested places a multiple growth of bacteria and significant increase of mould spores was observed in afternoons. The predominant bacteria and moulds isolated from investigated air samples were: Staphylococcus spp., Micrococcus spp., Serratia spp., Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp., Cladosporium spp. and Alternaria spp. Among these microbes the presence of pathogenic and strongly allergenic microorganisms was detected.

5

Airborne fungal spores as a potential hazard for the vineyard workers – a case report from the Carpathian foothills

84%

Wojcik M., Voloshchuk H., Kasprzyk I.

Acta Agrobotanica

|

2023

|

tom 76

6

Assessment of human exposure to airborne fungi in agricultural confinements: personal inhalable sampling versus stationary sampling

84%

Adhikari A., Reponen T., Lee S. A., Grinshpun S. A.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2004

|

tom 11

|

nr 2

Accurate exposure assessment to airborne fungi in agricultural environments is essential for estimating the associated occupational health hazards of workers. The objective of this pilot study was to compare personal and stationary sampling for assessing farmers' exposure to airborne fungi in 3 different agricultural confinements located in Ohio, USA (hog farm, dairy farm, and grain farm), using Button Personal Inhalable Samplers. Personal exposures were measured with samplers worn by 3 subjects (each carrying 2 samplers) during 3 types of activities, including animal feeding in the hog farm, cleaning and animal handling in the dairy farm, and soybean unloading and handling in the grain farm. Simultaneously, the stationary measurements were performed using 5 static Button Samplers and 1 revolving Button Sampler. The study showed that the total concentration of airborne fungi ranged from 1.4 × 104-1.2 × 105 spores m-3 in 3 confinements. Grain unloading and handling activity generated highest concentrations of airborne fungi compared to the other 2 activities. Prevalent airborne fungi belonged to Cladosporium, Aspergillus/Penicillium, Ascospores, smut spores, Epicoccum, Alternaria, and Basidiospores. Lower coefficients of variations were observed for the fungal concentrations measured by personal samplers (7-12%) compared to the concentrations measured by stationary samplers (27-37%). No statistically significant difference was observed between the stationary and personal measurement data for the total concentrations of airborne fungi (p>0.05). Revolving stationary and static stationary Button Samplers demonstrated similar performance characteristics for the collection of airborne fungi. This reflects the low sensitivity of the sampler's efficiency to the wind speed and direction. The results indicate that personal exposure of agricultural workers in confinements may be adequately assessed by placing several Button Samplers simultaneously operating in a static stationary mode throughout the work site.

7

A year-round aeromycological study in Zagreb area, Croatia

84%

Klaric M. S., Pepeljnjak S.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2006

|

tom 13

|

nr 1

A 1-year aeromycological study was conducted in the area of Zagreb, the capital of Croatia, in order to establish seasonal variations in the composition and concentration of aeromycota. Sampling was carried out at 3 locations: the city centre, the Pharmaceutical botanical garden and the mountain of Medvednica, at regular intervals using the Mas 100 Eco Air-sampler with Sabouraud-dextrose agar. Airborne fungi peaked during spring and summer (110–284 cfu/m3), while lower levels were detected in autumn and winter at each of the 3 sampling sites (6–128 cfu/m3). Significantly lower concentrations were found in Medvednica region (p<0.01) during most sampling periods. Yeasts were present in higher concentrations in autumn and winter (11–46 cfu/m3) than during spring and summer (9–11 cfu/m3) in the city centre and botanical garden. In the Medvednica region, yeasts were found at significantly lower concentrations than at other locations only during the autumn and winter (1–16 cfu/m3). The dominant fungi contributing to these differences were species of Cladosporium, Penicillium and Alternaria. These genera comprised between 30.4–79.5% of the samples. Other stable components of aeromycota were Fusarium, Aspergillus and sterile mycelia (11.1–44.0%). Total counts of airborne fungi as well as individual counts of Cladosporium and Alternaria showed significant positive correlations with temperature and solar radiation (p<0.05). Alternaria also showed a significant correlation with wind speeds while Cladosporium was negatively correlated with atmospheric pressure (p<0.05). Yeasts showed a significant positive correlation with relative humidity, yet were negatively correlated with temperature and solar radiation in the city centre and the botanical garden. In contrast, a significant positive correlation in the case of yeasts was observed in the Medvednica region with respect to temperature and solar radiation (p<0.05).

8

Airborne fungi in industrial environments - potential agents of respiratory diseases

84%

Lugauskas A., Krikstaponis A., Sveistyte L.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2004

|

tom 11

|

nr 1

Investigations on airborne fungi in a poultry house, a swinery, a feed preparing and storing house, a grain mill, a wooden panel producing factory, and organic waste recycling facilities have been carried out in Lithuania. Low concentrations of fungal spores were detected in the wooden panel producing factory, the swinery, the feed preparing and storing house, and the poultry house; moderate concentrations were found in the organic waste recycling facilities; high concentrations were revealed at the grain mill. Species of Aspergillus oryzae, A. nidulans, P. expansum, Penicillium olivinoviride, P. claviforme and Botryotrichum longibrachiatum prevailed in the poultry farm; Geotrichum candidum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, C. herbarum, Penicillium viridicatum and P. fellutanum dominated in the swinery. Fungi of Penicillium viridicatum, P. expansum, Staphylotrichum coccosporum and Aspergillus oryzae prevailed in the feed preparing and storing house at the swinery. Cladosporium cladosporioides, C. herbarum, Penicillium viridicatum and Geotrichum candidum prevailed in the grain mill. Fungi ascribed as Paecilomyces puntonii, Rhizopus nodosus and R. stolonifer dominated in the wooden panel producing factory. Species of Aspergillus raperi, P. paxilli, P. oxalicum, and Cladosporium herbarum prevailed at the organic waste recycling facilities. According to published data, the majority of the identified fungal species are characterized as allergenic and an exposure to their spores may provoke adverse health effects (such as allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma or extrinsic allergic alveolitis) in susceptible individuals.

9

Seasonal biodiversity of pathogenic fungi in farming air area. Case study

67%

Plewa K., Lonc E.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

|

2011

|

tom 57

|

nr 2

Poultry production proved to be a significant source of bioaerosols. The exposure to high concentration of microorganisms in the air can cause primarily irritations, infections, allergies, and toxic effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the seasonal biodiversity of airborne fungi in the poultry house, in the surrounding area, as well as to estimate health risk. Seasonal investigations were conducted in the spring, summer, autumn and winter 2010 in the poultry house located near Wrocław in Lower Silesia (Poland). The air samples were collected with the use of a Merck MAS-100 onto nutrient Sabouraud agar and were incubated for 5 days at 26°C. Subsequently the colonyforming units (CFU) were determined. The identification of the isolated fungi was made in accordance with the standard procedures. In the summer and autumn when the weather conditions are most friendly for the spread and the development of numerous microorganisms, fungi were more abundant in the surrounding area than in early spring and winter, when both humidity and temperature were lower. The total of 26 species were analysed (10 in the poultry house and 17 in the surrounding areas). Among 12 fungal genera: Aspergillus, Penicilium, Alternaria, Exophiala, Mycelia sterilla, Fusarium, Cladosporium, Scopulariopsis, Chaetomium, Acremonium, Candida and Rhodotorula nearly everything occurred to be the potential respiratory allergens.

10

Keratinolytic and keratinophilic fungi of mangrove's soil and air in the city of Qena and their response to garlic extract and onion oil treatments

67%

Gherbawy Y. A. M. H.

Acta Mycologica

|

1996

|

tom 31

|

nr 1

11

Human exposure to airborne fungi from genera used as biocontrol agents in plant production

67%

Madsen A. M., Hansen V. M., Meyling N. V., Eilenberg J.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2007

|

tom 14

|

nr 1

The fungi Trichoderma harzianum, T. polysporum, T. viride, Paeciliomyces fumosoroseus, P. lilacinus, Verticillium/lecanicillium lecanii, Ulocladium oudemansii, U. atrum and Beauveria bassiana are used or considered to be used for biocontrol of pests and plant diseases. Human exposure to these fungi in environments where they may naturally occur or are used as biocontrol agents has not been directly investigated to date. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge of human exposure to fungi from the relevant genera. The subject of fungal taxonomy due to the rapid development of this issue is also discussed. B. bassiana, V. lecanii, T. harzianum, T. polysporum, P. lilacinus and U. oudemansii were infrequently present in the air and thus people in general seem to be seldom exposed to these fungi. However, when V. lecanii was present, high concentrations were measured. Fungi from the genera Trichoderma, Paecilomyces and Ulocladium were rarely identifi ed to the species level and sometimes high concentrations were reported. T. viride and U. atrum were detected frequently in different environments and sometimes with a high frequency of presence in samples. Thus, people seem to be frequently exposed to these fungi. Sequence data have led to recent revisions of fungal taxonomy, and in future studies it is important to specify the taxonomy used for identifi cation, thus making comparisons possible.

12

Occupational exposure to airborne fungi among rice mill workers with special reference to aflatoxin producing A. flavus strains

59%

Desai M. R., Ghosh S. K.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2003

|

tom 10

|

nr 2

13

Measurement of personal exposure to outdoor aeromycota in Northern New South Wales, Australia

59%

Green B. J., O'Meara T., Sercombe J. K., Tovey E. R.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2006

|

tom 13

|

nr 2

Aerobiological sampling traditionally uses a volumetric spore trap located in a fixed position to estimate personal exposure to airborne fungi. In this study, the number and identity of fungi inhaled by human subjects (n=34), wearing Intra-nasal air samplers (INASs), was measured over 2-hour periods in an outdoor community setting, and compared to fungal counts made with a Burkard spore trap and Institute of Occupational Medicine personal filter air samplers (IOMs). All sampling devices were in close proximity and located in an outdoor environment in Casino, northern New South Wales, Australia. Using INASs, the most prevalent fungi inhaled belonged to soil or vegetation borne spores of Alternaria, Arthrinium, Bipolaris, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Epicoccum, Exserohilum, Fusarium, Pithomyces, Spegazzinia and Tetraploa species, Xylariaceae ascospores, in addition to hyphal fragments. These results showed that inhaled fungal exposure in most people varied in a 2-fold range with 10-fold outliers. In addition, the INASs and personal air filters agreed more with each other than with Burkard spore trap counts (r=0.74, p<0.0001). These findings further support a new paradigm of personal fungal exposure, which implicates the inhalation of a spectrum of fungi more closely associated with soil or vegetation borne mycoflora and hyphal fragments than what is collected by stationary spore traps in the same geographic region.

Ograniczanie wyników

Exposure to airborne fungi during conservative dental treatment

Important phytopathogenic airborne fungal spores in a rural area: incidence of Botrytis cinerea and Oidium spp.

Microbiological air contamination in poultry houses

Microbiological quality of indoor air in university rooms

Airborne fungal spores as a potential hazard for the vineyard workers – a case report from the Carpathian foothills

Assessment of human exposure to airborne fungi in agricultural confinements: personal inhalable sampling versus stationary sampling

A year-round aeromycological study in Zagreb area, Croatia

Airborne fungi in industrial environments - potential agents of respiratory diseases

Seasonal biodiversity of pathogenic fungi in farming air area. Case study

Keratinolytic and keratinophilic fungi of mangrove's soil and air in the city of Qena and their response to garlic extract and onion oil treatments

Human exposure to airborne fungi from genera used as biocontrol agents in plant production

Occupational exposure to airborne fungi among rice mill workers with special reference to aflatoxin producing A. flavus strains

Measurement of personal exposure to outdoor aeromycota in Northern New South Wales, Australia