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Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the study was to evaluate activities of farms located in the Czarnorzecko-Strzyżowski Landscape Park according to the principles of sustainable development. Materials and methods: Survey research was carried out in the Korczyna commune among randomly selected farm owners at the turn of 2014 and 2015. Results and conclusion: Agricultural production is rather versatile and unspecialized in most of the farm-holdings covered by the study in Korczyna Local Government Area (LGA). Cereals dominate the cropping system, while animal husbandry is predominantly by using the Simmental cattle breed. The farmers are aware that they farm in specific conditions, where sustainable land use is crucial for protecting biodiversity and preserving cultural heritage, thus permitting inhabitants to live in an uncontaminated environment. The Korczyna Local Government Area enjoys favourable conditions for the running of ecological farms, but with farmers visibly lacking in motivation as they consider such farming system as unprofitable, besides requiring lots of time and work.
Мониторинг состояния сельскохозяйственных угодий – важное направление повышения эффективности сельскохозяйственного производства путем обеспечения качества выполнения технологических операций. Традиционные лабораторные методы исследования стоимостные, занимают много времени, и результаты измерения не сразу можно получить. Потому, быстрый сенсорный контроль необходим для оценивания состояния сельскохозяйственных угодий.
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Life cycle assessment of fertilizers: a review

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Life cycle assessment has become an increasingly common approach for identifying, quantifying, and evaluating the total potential environmental impact of production processes or products, from the procurement of raw materials (the ‘cradle’), to production and utilization (the ‘gates’) and their final storage (the ‘grave’), as well as for determining ways to repair damage to the environment. The paper describes life cycle assessment of mineral fertilizers. On the basis of results provided by life cycle assessment, it can be concluded that an effective strategy for protecting the environment against the harmful effects of fertilizers is to attempt to ‘seal’ the nutrient cycle on a global, regional, and local scale. Pro-environ- mental measures aim on the one hand to reduce resource utilization, and on the other hand to limit losses of nutrients, during both production and use of fertilizers. An undoubted challenge for life cycle assessment when used in agricultural production is the need for relevance at each scale.
The primary function of rural areas is their use in agricultural production. Currently, according to the balanced development of rural areas, one needs to tend to make those areas more attractive, create new jobs, create new sources of income for the rural population and to improve rural spatial planning. The agricultural production is extremely important in the areas of outstanding natural beauty. The management on protected areas can contribute to the protection of valuable qualities from excessive investment process. It must be conducted in accordance with legal requirements for environmental protection. The purpose of the research was to analyze the changes in agriculture in the context of rural area development. The communities within the Barycz Valley Landscape Park boundaries were selected for analysis. The study was based on the statistical data, including the data from the agricultural censuses of 1996, 2002, 2010, data concerning planning works and planning documents to lay down the development directions of the analyzed communities.
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Sustainable development of the farms in Poland

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Based on statistical data of the Central Statistical Offi ce regarding Polish farms two linear-dynamic multicriteria optimization models have been created. The first model concerned plant production, the other plant and animal production. In both models, objective functions maximized agricultural income and production, and minimized loss of organic soil matter. Balancing these three objectives is the essence of a farm’s sustainable development. The models have been solved with goal programming. The optimal solution yielded a production structure allowing for the highest quality of production, under given conditions of agricultural income, with no degradation of the natural environment. The goal of the following article is to confirm whether it is possible to simultaneously realize the production, economic and ecological goals of Polish farms over the course of four years.
Systemic crisis and the decline of rural areas lead to a decrease in the level of life of rural population, the decrease in agricultural production. This number of problems determines the ways of rural development.
The objectives of this paper are: a) assemble baseline information on the current status and trends of New York State agribusiness economic activity, disaggregated by industry and agribusiness cluster sectors, b) estimate backward linkages and inter-industry relationships between food and agricultural production and other agribusiness industry clusters via the calculation of output multipliers, c) set the stage for continuing discussion of the challenges and opportunities for agribusiness development in New York State.
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