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The study deals with the questions and problems of the succession of generations concerning family enterprises, discussing the main succession issues. On a world scale most of the family businesses do not survive the first generation, thus succession has become the most important problem. This is the reason why the succession of generations has become the central issue of several research projects. In the diagnostic phase of the research the aim is to present the phases of succession of generations, the succession processes, their method and the possibility of processes especially characteristic of agricultural economics with the help of secondary data, with the application of contemporary research results and a methodological approach.
Transformation of State Treasury farms through their sale is performed only on a small scale (2% of land resources). Management of the remaining farms includes: temporary administration (about 63%), lease (about 28%) and transferred administration (about 3%). Evaluation of such management forms made from the points of view of the owner (State ), represented by the State Treasury Agency for Agricultural Ownership, and the holder is presented in the paper. Temporary administration turned out to be the least reliable form of management, while lease, especially a longterm one, proved to be the most advantageous as far as the owner's and the holder's aims are concerned.
Art attempt to evaluate the effect of melioration on a macroeconomic scale on differentia­tion of agricultural production results is made in the paper on the example of the Olsztyn province. The conducted research allows to state that crops yields - being a direct potential index of water melioration results - did not seem (except for the yields of 4 cereals) to depend on the melioration level of agricultural land in any significant way. Production effects in the field of animal production may be only indirectly affected by the level оГ fulfilled land drainage needs. However, in the case of green land, favourable air-water relations influence the yield level and create opportunities for stocking increase.
In the course of transformations concerning agricultural ownership, leasing may turn out profitable. It makes purchase of land and buildings, as well as replacement of old machinery possible without investing own capital. Its greatest advantage is connected with the possibility of flexible instalment repayment, according to expected benefit from the use of things and from tax savings the scale of which depends on fiscal regulations. The paper focuses on the economic aspect of leasing. Financial calculations concerning agricultural investments proved leasing to be superior to bank credit. Moreover, it was noted that certain changes concerning leasing repayment, namely introduction of the so called "equal instalment", seem to be indispensable.
The analysis of nitrogen fertilization effectiveness of five potato cultivars was carried out on the base of real yields obtained from field trials, To determine the boundary value of nitrogen fertilization the assumption hase been made that the last złoty of the input for nitrogen hade to cause the increase in output equal to 1.5 zloty. Cv. Janka gave the highest tuber yield for optimum biological and ecomoic rate and the lowest cv. Kora. Economic optimum rate was lower than biological only by 6 kg N per ha. The highest nitrogen fertilization effectiveness was found for cv. Leda and then Ryś. Using optimum economic N rate, high nitrogen efficiency was found and 1 zloty of input for nitrogen fertilizers gave yield increase equalto about 16 złoty.
An attempt to evaluate and analyse the amount of financial burden of individual farms and the changes connected with it, taking place in the years 1992 und 1993, was made in the paper. The research results obtained for farms in the Włocławek province provided a basis for evaluation. The electric energy fee, credit repayment and insurance fees dominated in the structure of financial burden. Agricultural tax was characterized by the greatest dynamics, but it constituted a relatively low share in the burden structure.
Results of research carried out in 1993 on 13 family farms in the Olsztyn province are presented in the paper, Small farm area - 15 ha of arable land - and positive attitudes of farm owners towards their participation in research constituted basic criteria of farm selection. Advantageous effects of employment and livestock proportions on the value of agricultural income and final financial results were established on the basis of daily calculations done by farmers participating in research, and concerning their proceeds and expenses.
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