The purpose of this article is to assess the changes in proclaimed paradigms regarding development of the agricultural sector in the EU with particular focus on barriers to these changes. The theoretical part highlights the types of changes in the public policies, the main models of paradigm developments and the impact of institutional factors, including structures of policy networks on their changes. In the next part the CAP proclaimed paradigms are shown against the effects of the current policy. At the same time, these elements of policy network structure which contribute to the replication of the existing patterns of development are indicated. The summary contains refl ections on the possibility of institutional change in the development of the CAP. It was found that only further reduction of the agricultural budget after 2020 can become a source of conflict between the actors (stakeholders) around available resources and may change the balance of power in the decision-making process in the CAP.
The paper aims to describe the development of organie farming in Ukrainę and the prospects of its growth based on the paradigm of innovation diffusion. The paper argues that development of organie farming in Ukraine could be considered not only as a source of positive externality for the economy, but in micro scale, as innovation that generates competitive advantages through food supply chain.
Przedstawiono skalę emigracji siły roboczej z Polski, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wyjazdów do Niemiec. Zaprezentowano rolę pracowników pracowników z Polski w rozwoju Niemiec. Wskazano, ze nie oczekuje się zwiększonego napływu migrantów z Polski po jej integracji z UE.
It is already 4-5 years that the Armenian Office of USDA Marketing Assistance Project, is implementing in Armenia development project of cooperatives. Definite success is recorded in this field of activity. At present, in eight provinces, 23 consumer cooperatives are actively operating, in which are involved 1,800 farmers from 38 communities. 14 cooperatives are specialized in milk collection and marketing, and 9 in horticulture and vegetable growing. Local Extension and Research Groups and Farmer Field Schools are actively functioning among several established cooperatives.
The article considers the problem of an efficient system of agricultural logistics formation that is currently in Ukraine in the process of development. Demand for logistics integration in modern conditions becomes a necessity while further agricultural sector development without implementation of logistic functions becomes ineffective. In the logistics system formation in the agricultural sector purely market institutions for the coordination of relationships are of crucial significance. Government policies can act as a catalyst for the creation of logistic chains. Macrolevel requires state regulation mechanisms for the sustainable use of limited resources and socio-economic development of territories. The negative factors of logistics development in Ukraine are the lack of licensing, available IT-solutions, outdated stocks, poor training of specialists. Thus, in today’s agricultural environment, logistics is a new concept that is undergoing significant changes in short period of time.
Malopolska region is the region specific in many respects, it has crucial importance for the proper functioning of both economy and social life but also natural environment of Poland. Poland’s integration into the European Union provided a major and unique chance for relatively fast improvement of economic situation of rural dwellers and primarily for regulating processes associated with water cycle and water erosion, and the necessity to protect water resources and natural biocenoses which have been disturbed or degraded in result of too intensive development of agriculture in these areas in the past. EU agricultural policy allocates sufficient means from the Community funds to these aims but only if a number of complex activities to improve agricultural facilities and agrienvironmental measures are implemented by the farmers of the region. In many parts of the Malopolska farm production should be connected with protective and conservative measures. Agriculture in the province, so far focused only on production, should change into multifunctional one in the nearest future. The authors think that because of specific landscape, therapeutic, recreational and cultural values of mountain and upland areas of Malopolska and their importance for national economy and flood-protection of the country, three provinces (Malopolska, Podkarpacie and Silesia) should be included in a separate operational programme providing means for rational and complex reconstruction of rural utility structures.
Though the issue of eco-innovation is a new category in economic sciences, it is seen by farmers as a way to attain competitive advantage in the global market more and more often. The main determinants of implementation of eco-innovation in the economy are the formal and legal regulations and market factors. The primary purpose of eco-innovation is to reduce negative environmental impact of agricultural activity and to produce food that is good for people. The aim of this article is to present the issue of eco-innovation and to indicate strengths and weaknesses as well as opportunities and threats for agriculture that result from their implementation.
Subject and purpose of work: Community Empowerment in Sustainable Agricultural Development and CSR (Study of spice farmers in Maluku Utara). One of the duties of the nation is to facilitate prosperity for its citizens through development. Such development is pursued by the government to reach economic growth by utilizing all agriculture potentials and by organizing community development. Materials and methods: In this study, the goals are to identify, describe and analyze the empowerment of the spice farmers’ community in Maluku Utara in sustainable agricultural development and CSR. This study is descriptive in nature and uses the qualitative approach, while data analysis relies on the Creswell’s model. Maluku Utara has a resource potential that is needed for sustainable agriculture development and CSR for community welfare. Results: Through empowerment, which involves several stages, such as enlightenment, capacity building, and enforcement, it is possible to improve awareness, capacity, skill and strength of the community to exploit all potentials. The support given to the spice farmers’ community in sustainable agriculture development and CSR is not at the maximum. Despite this support, there are factors constraining community empowerment in sustainable agriculture development and CSR. Conclusions: These constraints may come from community, a very low number of agriculture counselors, natural resource inadequacy, and also weather factors at Maluku Utara, all of which hamper the empowerment process.
European Union structural funds are the instruments used for transferring funds for specified economic activities in compliance with assumed goals. Utilization of assistance funds in agriculture and rural developemnt influences regional development in Slovakia. Application of project management entails creating bases for acquisition of financial means. Increasing amounts of funds acquired in Slovakia demonstarte an understanding of project management leading to improvement of this process.
The main aim of the article is to characterize development of organic farming in Poland in 2004–2014. The research refers to aspects such as the number and structure of organic producers, the structure of ecological land and organization, and the productivity and profi tability of organic farms in comparison to conventional farms. The research shows that since the accession of Poland into the EU, the domestic organic farming sector has developed dynamically. The number of organic producers increased sevenfold in 2004–2014 and the observed changes were caused by an increase in both the number of ecological farms and organic food processing enterprises. Organic and conventional farms clearly differ in terms of organization, productivity and profi tability. Conventional farms experienced higher rates of productivity, land profi tability, and work profitability. Furthermore, the financial situation of organic farms was vastly determined by state subsidies, which constituted almost 80% of income accrued from agricultural production.
The concentration analysis of the agricultural and rural development subsidies in the Southern Great Plain Region were carried out in two periods, in the budget periods of 2004-2006 and 2007-2013, respectively. There is a difference experienced in the concentration between 2004 and 2006; however, the concentration is more balanced with respect to each year. In the regional values the fact may be realized that the share of farmers from the subsidy is balanced. In the period between 2007 and 2013 even the minimal difference in the concentration disappeared relating to the examined years. The value of the concentration index, that is the share of the three performers getting the highest subsidies of the total, proves the run of Lorenz curves, as the indicator has been reflecting an average value around 10% in the region since 2006 in each year. By evaluating the data relating to the subsidies in the Southern Great Plain Region, the fact may be concluded that the concentration became equalized in the examined area.