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1

Speciation of aluminium released under the effect of acid rain

100%
Siepak J., Walna B., Drzymala S.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
1999
|
tom 08
|
nr 1
2

Content and localisation of heavy metals in thalli of hemerophilous lichens

86%
Baranowska-Bosiacka I., Pienkowski P., Bosiacka B.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2001
|
tom 10
|
nr 4
For the purpose of this work an epiphytic lichen species, Hypogymnia physodes (L.)Nyl., was used. Thalli of the lichen were treated with solutions of nitrate salts of heavy metals, including Zn(NO3)(2), Cu(NO3)(2), Pb(NO3)(2), and Cd(NO3)(2). To simulate the acid rain impact, pH of the metal mixture was lowered to pH 4, using Na2S2O5. Content of heavy metals was determined after a standard UV mineralization method (water solution) and burning method (in temperature 450 degreesC- thalli), using a Microcomputer Voltage-ammeter Analyser (MAW). After two months exposure of the lichen to the mixture of heavy metal nitrates it was ascertained that there was an increase of accumulation of Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd in the thalli; a decrease of thalli pH caused increased uptake of toxic elements by the lichen; Pb and Cd remained mainly on the surface of the thalli and in the cell walls, whilst Zn and Cu penetrated to the protoplast.
3

Antioxidative enzymes activity and lipid peroxidation in cucumber cytosol and mitochondria after acid rain stress

72%
Wyrwicka A., Sklodowska M.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2007
|
tom 29
|
nr 1 Suppl.
4
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Zawartość form azotu i pH w opadach atmosferycznych

72%
Stepniewska Z., Szafranek A.
Acta Agrophysica
|
2001
|
tom 57
5

Influence of the environment acidity on Orthomorpha gracilis [Diplopoda]

72%
Tracz H., Gromysz-Kalkowska K., Szubartowska E.
Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University. Forestry and Wood Technology
|
1992
|
tom 43
6

Changes of herb-layer vegetation in mountain spruce forests under the influence of industrial pollution and the forest decline

72%
Wasilowska A.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
1999
|
tom 47
|
nr 4
7

The rate of microbial decomposition of soil humic compounds: the effect of acid rain induced Al depletion. Running head: Acid rain and the decomposition of humic substances

72%
Grodzinska-Jurczak M., Mulder J.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
1997
|
tom 06
|
nr 5
The effect of aluminum complexation on the net decomposition rate of purified humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA), extracted from a podzol B horizon in the Netherlands, were studied at room temperature (20°C). Net decomposition rates were determined from C02 evolution from samples as measured by gas-chromatography. Increasing aluminum additions significantly reduced the decomposition rate of HA, of FA ,and of organic matter in podzol B horizons, whereas pH had no notable effect on decompostion rates. Results indicate that at the current high depletion rates of organically-bound soil Al, due to acid rain, the decomposition of soil humic compounds may increase significantly. This may have serious consequences for the ecologically relevant pool of humic compounds in forest soils.
8

Soil properties under declined spruce canopies affected by industrial pollution in the Karkonosze Region

72%
Gworek B., Wasilowska A., Sztrantowicz H.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
1999
|
tom 47
|
nr 4
9

Supported copper and chromium oxides as a novel type catalysts for NO plus CO reaction

72%
Wojciechowska M., Haber J., Lomnicki S.
Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska
|
1997
|
tom 23
|
nr 3-4
10

Iron wet deposition in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk [Poland]

72%
Dunajska D., Falkowska L., Siudek P., Sikorowicz G., Lewandowska A., Pryputniewicz D., Magulski R., Kowacz M.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2006
|
tom 15
|
nr 1
The concentrations of total iron were determined in the 30 rainwater samples collected at Gdynia station, located in the coastal zone of Gulf of Gdansk. The samples were assembled from December 2002 to November 2003. Total iron concentrations were measured using a colorimetric method with bathophenanthroline. The concentrations of major rain components (Na⁺, NO₃⁻-, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻) were also determined. Concentrations of Fetot ranged from 0.26 μg·dm⁻³ to 0.51·10⁻³ μg·dm⁻³. The total annual flux of Fetot was 11.22 mg·m⁻²yr⁻¹, which suggests that wet deposition can be one iron source for phytoplankton in the Southern Baltic. Iron in rain came from both terrestrial areas and seawater. Particularly at E&SE winds the swash zone saturated with marigenic aerosols was a significant source of iron. In these causes an anthropogenic influence on rain acidification was found to be minimal.
11

Soil organic matter as a factor reducing the harmful effects of acid rain

58%
Prusinkiewicz Z., Kwiatkowska A., Pokojska U.
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
|
1991
|
tom 33
12

Antioxidative responses of cytosol and mitochondria to acid rain of different pH value

58%
Wyrwicka A., Sklodowska M.
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
|
2008
|
tom 524
Relatively little is known about the direct influence of acid rain (AR) on pro-and antioxidative changes in plant cells. Intercompartmental differences between cytosol and mitochondria were not studied before. Aboveground parts of plants treated with different pH variants of AR and prooxidative changes (lipid peroxidation) as well as antioxidative enzyme activities (ascorbate peroxidase, APx; glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px) in the cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions were examined. The character of changes in antioxidative enzyme activities and of prooxidative alterations was closely connected with the cell com partment as well as with pH and time after treatment. The activity of both APx and GSH-Px increased more intensively in cytosol. Contrastingly, strong induction of lipid peroxides formation was observed in the mitochondrial fraction. The results suggest that cucumber mitochondria are more susceptible to oxidative damage caused by AR than cytosol. Antioxidative defense of cytosol appeared to provide sufficient protection against the oxidative stress imposed by AR.
13

Structural dynamic of social wasp communities (Hymenoptera: Vespinae) in forest areas destroyed by acid rains in the Karkonosze Mountains

58%
Pawlikowski T.
Ecological Questions
|
2009
|
tom 11
The structure of the social wasp communities was studied in the forest areas of the Karkonosze Mts. transformed by acid rains in 1989 and 1994. A significant increase of species diversity (H') was observed in the season of the even year, which resulted from the increased competing interactions between queen mothers. Whereas the distribution of the species' number decreased together with the altitude proportionally to natural distribution of the species' number recorded in the Tatra Mts. On the other hand, the only significantly increased value in the dynamics of Vespinae density in vegetation zones of the Karkonosze Mts. was recorded for the lower subalpine forest. While observing the progressing successive restoration of forests, one can assume that the recorded structural changes in communities of social wasps represent their transitional state.
14
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Content available

Water quality challenges and impact

58%
Obilonu A. N., Chijioke C., Igwegbe W. E., Ibearugbulem O. I., Abubakar Y. F.
International Letters of Natural Sciences
|
2013
|
tom 04
Man’s activities on the environment often results in pollution and degradation of water bodies. Water bodies must therefore be jealously guided and protected from being polluted, which will affect water quality and availability for desired usage. Causes of water quality impairment are urban and rural storm water runoff, inadequate waste water treatment, nutrient entrophication, atmospheric deposition and acid rain, pollutant in sediments and fish, and nuisance aquatic weed growth and invasive species. Other factors include unhygienic disposal and inadequate treatment of human and livestock wastes, indecent management and treatment of industrial residues, inappropriate agricultural practices and unsafe solid waste discharge. Suggested strategies to combat water quality problems which should form the basis of policy solution for improving water quality include: (i) prevention of pollution; (ii) treatment of polluted water; (iii) safe use of waste water; and (iv) restoration and protection of ecosystem. It is recommended that our water bodies and the environment in general should be protected through appropriate legislation guidelines and public literacy campaign and mass education to sensitize, educate and make the people a fully environmentally literate society. Taking these steps internationally, nationally and locally will mean better water quality for our present society and future generation.
15

Salinity and pH of precipitation on the area of allotment gardens in Warsaw and influence of its pollutions on germination of certain vegetables

58%
Mikula W.
Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University. Horticulture
|
1987
|
tom 14
16

Chemical composition of rainfall and troughfall under oaks, beeches and spruces in Krakow and Polanka Haller [Southern Poland]

58%
Szczepanowicz B.
Acta Hydrobiologica
|
1996
|
tom 38
|
nr 3-4
In 1990-1991 the total annual input of investigated ions (Ca²+, Mg²+, K+, Na+, NH4+, NO3-, Cl-, S04²-, PO4³-) with rainfall amounted to 16.0-18.7 g m-² y-1 (a high percentage of sulphate ions in Kraków, and magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and ammonium ions at Polanka Haller). The input of sulphur (1.98-3.35 g m-2 y-1) was high in comparison with that noted in western and northern Europe. The input of nitrogen (0.44-0.58 g m-2 y-1) was relatively small. The reaction of precipitations was not acid (pH value on average 6.3) owing to the neutralising effect of alkali metals. The sum of ions in throughfall under oaks and beeches was on average nearly double, and under spruces 3-5 times as great as in rainfall.
17

Effect of spruce forest decline on spider communities of Karkonosze Mts.

58%
Luczak J., Wozny M.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
1999
|
tom 47
|
nr 4
18

Influence of composition of fatty acid methyl esters on smoke opacity and amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in engine emissions

58%
Sendzikiene E., Makareviciene V., Janulis P.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2007
|
tom 16
|
nr 2
Soot and hydrocarbons are usually found in diesel exhaust gases. They are formed when the fuel is burnt out incompletely. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are sorbed on the soot, and may cause cancerous diseases, asthma and other diseases. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the dependence of smoke opacity and amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in engine emissions on multi-component biodiesel fuel composition. We analyzed the composition of exhaust gases when diesel engine was fuelled with rapeseed oil methyl esters (RME ), RME mixtures with linseed oil methyl esters (LSME ) and fatty acid methyl esters (FA ME) of animal origin, assessing the smoke opacity and qualitative and quantitative composition of PAH. It was determined that smoke opacity of exhaust gases decreases at different rotation speeds (1200 and 2000 min⁻¹) when the amount of FA ME, containing a greater amount of saturated fatty acids, is increasing. Total PAH concentration in exhaust gases of biofuel mixtures with pork lard fatty acid methyl esters (LME ) is lower than in the case of mixtures with beef tallow fatty acid methyl esters (TME ). The amount of PAH at a rotation speed of 1200 min⁻¹ reduced down to 57%, if compared to pure RME , and down to 30%, when the rotation speed was 2000 min⁻¹. In the exhaust gases of biofuel mixtures with pork lard fatty acid methyl esters there are fewer PAHs with highly expressed mutagenic and carcinogenic effects if compared to pure RME and its mixtures, containing tallow fatty acid methyl esters. The most effective from an environmental point of view is use of a fuel mixture containing 80% RME , 4% LSME and 16% LME.
19

Antioxidant status of scots pine [Pinus sylvestris L.] needles exposed to industrial pollution

58%
Pukacka S.
Biological Bulletin of Poznań. Supplement
|
1997
|
tom 34
20

Acidification and chemistry of stream water on the example of the Waksmundzki and Mietusi Streams in the Tatra Mountains, [Southern Poland]

58%
Grodzinska-Jurczak M.
Acta Hydrobiologica
|
1996
|
tom 38
|
nr 1-2
A three-year study (1991-1993) on the chemistry of streams was carried out in two valleys of different bedrock in the Polish Tatra Mountains. Significant seasonal fluctuations in the concentration of most of the studied elements of the granitic Waksmundzki and carbonate Miętusi Streams were observed. The chemistry of the Miętusi Stream was dominated by calcium and magnesium ions and the Waksmundzki Stream by sulphate ions. The drawing of general conclusions on changes in the stream chemistry over the last 30 years is impossible because of the different analytical methods used and only a single samplings of the stream water taken by the investigation carried out in the 60’s.
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