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Sex differences in preening behaviour in the White Stork Ciconia ciconia

100%

Zolnierowicz K. M., Nyklova-Ondrova M., Tobolka M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2016

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tom 64

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nr 3

Preening is a type of feather maintenance behaviour in birds, that fulfils an important role in grooming. Preening may also be important for signalling quality of mates. Therefore we hypothesized that the frequency of preening may be related to sex and population density of White Stork Ciconia ciconia. We observed preening activity of 25 pairs in Western Poland at the beginning of incubation, when preening frequency is the highest. Birds were observed on the nest, because most preening behaviour occurs there. We found that being on the nest males spent proportionally more time on preening than females (on average 30% vs. 16%). Females spent more time preening when their mate was present at the nest. There was no significant relationship between preening frequency and indirect quality indicators (arrival date, laying date, hatching date, clutch size, brood size) nor between the distance to nearest neighbours and the time males and females spent on preening.

2

Importance of juvenile mortality in birds' population: early post-fledging mortality and causes of death in White Storks Ciconia ciconia

100%

Tobolka M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2014

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tom 62

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nr 4

Early post-fledging mortality of White Stork during the period from the first flight to their autumn departure from natal area was described. Data from eight breeding seasons (2005−2012) about 56 cases of death of juvenile White Storks from a study area in Western Poland were collected. For a comparison the data of 55 cases of death from recoveries data deposited in Polish Bird Ringing Centre from entire Poland were included in analysis. Early post-fledgling mortality rate varied from 2 to 11% (mean 4.3%) of all fledglings per year. The main causes of death were collision with power lines and electrocution which in Western Poland constituted 60% and in entire Poland −78% of death cases with known causes. Other anthropogenic causes constituted responsibly 25 and 13% and natural causes −15 and 9%. Mean distance where dead storks were found was 183.3m from natal nests, while 73% were found closer than 100 m from their nests.

3

Intrapopulation variation of egg size in the White Stork [Ciconia ciconia] in Southern Poland

100%

Profus P., Tryjanowski P., Tworek S., Zduniak P.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2004

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tom 52

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nr 1

White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) eggs were studied in Upper Silesia, Southern Poland. The measurements of eggs – their length, breadth, volume and elongation index were collected for 95 nests in years 1974–2002, and repeatability of these measurements was computed. Mean clutch size was 4.05 ± 0.82. Mean egg measurements were: 72.10 ± 2.18 mm, 52.19 ± 1.47 mm, 100.49 ± 6.92 cm³ and 1.38 ± 0.05, for length, breadth, volume and elongation index, respectively. Coefficients of variation for clutch means ranged from 1.68 (breadth) to 4.37 (volume). Mean repeatability estimates were 0.53, 0.68, 0.63, 0.58 for length, breadth, volume and elongation index, respectively. The results obtained suggest that one should expect relatively low or intermediate heritability of egg dimensions in population studied.

4

Foraging of white stork Ciconia ciconia in forests – the heritage of an ancient behaviour?

84%

Tryjanowski P., Grzywaczewski G., Zbyrt A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2018

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tom 66

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nr 3

The white stork Ciconia ciconia is a typical open-area species, foraging mainly in farmland and wetland areas. The main aim of this paper was to describe the foraging ecology of white storks inside un-typical habitat, i.e. forests in Poland. Data on white stork feeding in forests were based on responses to questionnaires distributed to several national mailing lists with a total of 1700 (16% subscribers) and via emails to naturalists (mainly to white stork researchers). In total 63 observations, from the years 2000–2015, were collected, mainly from eastern Poland. In all cases, only a single adult individual was recorded inside the forest, with a mean (±SD) distance to the forest edge of 50 ± 102 m (n = 597) and 1315 ± 1015 m (n = 63) to the nearest white stork nest. Birds foraging inside forests were recorded from late May to mid-August, but the greatest numbers were seen during June. The main prey was a lizard, the slow-worm Anguis fragilis, with a maximum of 10 individuals collected by a stork during one foraging session. We discuss the origin of the observed foraging behaviour, noting that the species is flexible and opportunistic in terms of consumed food. The observed foraging is probably similar to the original behaviour of the species within primeval forest, although food opportunism helps the white stork to use new foraging areas, for example landfills.

5

The turnover of White Storks Ciconia ciconia on nest during spring migration

84%

Wuczynski A.

Acta Ornithologica

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2005

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tom 40

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nr 1

83-85

It is widely accepted that the first White Storks to arrive at a nest remain there to breed. In contrast to this belief, the paper describes the replacement of at least three males and at least one female at one nest in SW Poland during the spring of 1994. The first pair occupied the nest for 5-8 days, the second pair for one day, and probably only the third pair remained at the nest to actually breed. Additional data on arrival patterns show that such replacements of non-breeding storks may occur much more frequently than was previously thought, especially in areas of intense migration. Consequently, the most common phenological observations (e.g. the arrival dates of the first and second White Storks) are not really useful for defining the timing of breeding. It is suggested that the beginning of nest occupancy should be defined by the beginning of the permanent stay of the second partner, and not just by the date of the birds' first appearance.

6

Wintering of the White Storks [Ciconia ciconia] in Bulgaria

84%

Nankinov D. N.

The Ring

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1994

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tom 16

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nr 1-2

7

Brood reduction and parental infanticide - are the White Stork Ciconia ciconia and the Black Stork C. nigra exceptional?

84%

Zielinski P.

Acta Ornithologica

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2002

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tom 37

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nr 2

8

Habitat structure and breeding parameters of the White Stork Ciconia ciconia in the Kolno Upland [NE Poland]

84%

Nowakowski J. J.

Acta Ornithologica

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2003

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tom 38

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nr 1

9

Influence of the administration of propolis and bee pollen preparation on the concentration of mercury in the muscles, kidneys and liver of white storks

67%

Valverde Piedra J. L., Zienkiewicz A., Khudhur H. B., Szymanczyk S. E., Ruminska E.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2018

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tom 74

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nr 03

A total of ninety white storks (Ciconia ciconia) of both sexes aged over one year of life and at a body weight between 2.8-4.15 kg were subjects for observations. They were collected from the Warmia and Masuria region, and were rehabilitees of The Wild Birds Rehabilitation Center (Bukwald, Poland). The storks formed a group of birds that had wing damage like broken bones and were unable to fly. According to the severity of the case storks underwent three different kinds of treatment. Light cases of motion disability were submitted to wing or leg stabilization with adhesive bandages (treatment I), while middle and severe cases were additionally submitted to the administration of one (treatment II) or two capsules (treatment III) of propolis and pollen bee preparation (Apipol Farma’s Propolis Plus®) for two weeks, respectively. After the convalescence period a total of twenty three white storks did not recover and were euthanized and dissected. Post mortem samples of pectoral and femoral muscles as well as liver and kidney samples were taken. Mercury concentration was analyzed and the results revealed that the level in the kidneys and liver of white storks not receiving propolis preparation were significantly higher than that of those from treatment II and III. Contrary to this, the mercury concentration recorded in the pectoral and femoral muscles of the birds of treatment II and treatment III were significantly higher than that of the treatment without propolis preparation. The results showed that propolis and pollen bee preparation can reduce the level of mercury in kidneys and liver, but has no influence on the reduction of mercury in pectoral and femoral muscles.

10

Heavy metal-induced oxidative stress and changes in physiological process of free radicals in the blood of White Stork [Ciconia ciconia] chicks in polluted areas

67%

Kaminski P., Kurhalyuk N., Szady-Grad M.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2007

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tom 16

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nr 4

555-562

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of Ca, Mg, Fe, Na, K, Zn, Cd, and Pb upon enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ceruloplasmine (CP) diurnal and nocturnal activity, and the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and their interaction with free radicals, in the blood of the White Stork (Ciconia ciconia), an altricial bird, during postnatal development, in polluted areas (copper manufacture) and in control environments. The age of chicks examined from an output from an egg was increased from 19 to 54 days. Samples of investigated wing venous blood were taken for AAS analyses of element concentration. We collected blood samples via veni-puncture of the brachial vein of chicks. We have stated significant interactions between Cd, Ca, and Mg, and TBARS, SOD, CAT, and CP activity. Interaction with Fe, Na, K, Zn, and Pb were not significant. We observed regularities in the course of relationships in the case of Cd; interactions of Cd-enzyme activity were negative in the control environment, both during the day time and at night. The prevalence of cd participation in element-enzymes interaction takes place. Ca- and Mg-relationships were more differential; Ca-enzymes interactions were significant only during the day in polluted environments and all of them were positive. Relations with Mg were positive during the day and negative at night, but significant in polluted areas only. We conclude that physiological activity of antioxidant systems SOD, CAT, and CP, and content of TBARS-active products are determined by concentrations of physiological elements and toxic heavy metals. These groups of elements influenced enzymatic activity both through excess and deficiency of their concentration in the environment. Simultaneously, we have not stated significant interactions with other microelements, thus we can conclude about their lack of important interactions on enzymatic activity.

11

Co czwarty bocian jest polski

67%

McConahay M. J.

Biuletyn Informacyjny. Instytut Zootechniki

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2000

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tom 38

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nr 1

93-95

12

Food supply and external cues limit the clutch size and hatchability in the White Stork Ciconia ciconia

67%

Djerdali S., Tortosa F. S., Hillstrom L., Doumandji S.

Acta Ornithologica

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2008

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tom 43

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nr 2

145-150

Clutch size is an important life history trait, and factors such as nest predation and food availability can both be of crucial importance for its variation in nature. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of extra food on clutch size, laying date and hatching success in the White Stork. Three different colonies of White Storks were studied in northern Algeria over a three-year period (2002-2004) that was characterised by considerable variation in both food availability and precipitation. This study demonstrated that an extra food supply during the pre-laying period had a positive effect on clutch size — nests with extra food had larger clutches. There was also an advance in laying date and a greater hatching success in nests with access to extra food. In addition to food supply, clutch size was independently affected by the year, which could have been due to differences in rainfall. Furthermore, the results of this study suggest that extra food during the incubation period could help the parent birds resolve the conflict between incubation behaviour and minimizing the time off the nest, i.e. increasing nest attentiveness in nests with extra food and enhancing hatching success.

13

First detection and genotyping of human-associated Microsporidia in wild waterfowl of Slovakia

67%

Malcekova B., Valencakova A., Molnar L., Kocisova A.

Acta Parasitologica

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2013

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tom 58

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nr 1

A total of 47 avian faecal samples of wild waterfowl (great cormorant — Phalacrocorax carbo, great crested grebe — Podiceps cristatus, white stork — Ciconia ciconia) trapped in the eastern Slovakia were screened for the presence of human pathogenic microsporidia by microscopy and real-time SYBR Green PCR method using species primers and sequenced. Microscopic analysis showed presence in 32 samples (29 cormorants, 3 dippers). Microsporidial DNA (Encephalitozoon cuniculi genotype I) was identified in 19 faeces samples (40.4%) namely cormorants in 17 out of 40, one dipper of 5 and a stork out of 2. The present work describes three new host species of the bird population in microsporidium Encephalitozoon cuniculi genotype I which confirms the theory of low specificity of this species.

14

The effect of land cover and fragmentation of agricultural landscape on the density of White Stork [Ciconia ciconia L.] in Brandenburg, Germany

67%

Latus C., Kujawa K.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2005

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tom 53

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nr 4

The aim of the study was to identify landscape properties which are responsible for the large differences in White Stork population densities occurring in an agricultural landscape. The study area covered six plots (308– 1218 km²) in Brandenburg (Germany). They differed in respect to proportions of main landscape components (grasslands, crop fields, woodlands, parks and gardens, built-up areas), to degree of fragmentation of grasslands and crop fields and to proportions of different grassland types (moist meadows, slightly moist pasturelands, dry grasslands, persistent nitrophilous ruderal communities, herbaceous perennials and intensively used sown grassland). The correlation coefficients between the Stork density and proportions of main landscape components were small (|rs |<0.7) and insignificant (P>0.15) but the Stork density was positively related to proportion of intensively used sown grasslands. However, the greatest part of variation in Stork density could be explained by the fragmentation of grasslands and crop fields. Stork density was positively correlated with density of crop field patches as well as with grassland edge density. The spatial distribution of these patches was not important. Our results suggest that at a moderate proportion (ca. 10%) of grasslands, composition and high fragmentation of these habitats are vital for white storks.

Ograniczanie wyników

Sex differences in preening behaviour in the White Stork Ciconia ciconia

Importance of juvenile mortality in birds' population: early post-fledging mortality and causes of death in White Storks Ciconia ciconia

Intrapopulation variation of egg size in the White Stork [Ciconia ciconia] in Southern Poland

Foraging of white stork Ciconia ciconia in forests – the heritage of an ancient behaviour?

The turnover of White Storks Ciconia ciconia on nest during spring migration

Wintering of the White Storks [Ciconia ciconia] in Bulgaria

Brood reduction and parental infanticide - are the White Stork Ciconia ciconia and the Black Stork C. nigra exceptional?

Habitat structure and breeding parameters of the White Stork Ciconia ciconia in the Kolno Upland [NE Poland]

Influence of the administration of propolis and bee pollen preparation on the concentration of mercury in the muscles, kidneys and liver of white storks

Heavy metal-induced oxidative stress and changes in physiological process of free radicals in the blood of White Stork [Ciconia ciconia] chicks in polluted areas

Co czwarty bocian jest polski

Food supply and external cues limit the clutch size and hatchability in the White Stork Ciconia ciconia

First detection and genotyping of human-associated Microsporidia in wild waterfowl of Slovakia

The effect of land cover and fragmentation of agricultural landscape on the density of White Stork [Ciconia ciconia L.] in Brandenburg, Germany