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The aim of the paper was to estimate the course of mallophagan invasion in foals from stable mares as well as from forest-bred ones staying together in the stable. Estimation of the course of mallophagan invasion was conducted from November 2006 to May 2007 in foals from stable mares as well as from forest breeding mares. The extensiveness of W. equi invasion in young mares from stable breeding increased from 83.3% in January to 100% in April and May. In young stallions from this group in the first months of investigations it was 25% and kept increasing since February reaching 75% in the last months of alcove breeding. Young forest-bred horses were free from mallophagans on the day of taking them into the stable. After a one-month stay in the stable they became infected. In young mares from forest breeding the extensiveness of invasion increased from 25% in February to about 87% in March. In April and May it reached 100%. A similar increase in the extensiveness of invasion was observed in stallions. The total number of mallophagans and their eggs in 100 mg of coat in mares from the stable group was 21 in January and 34 in April. Considerably smaller number of parasites was found in the coat of mares caught in the forest. The intensity of W. equi invasion in young stable-bred stallions was almost the same as in the forest-bred ones. It was found that young mares from both groups of horses are more susceptible to mallophagan invasions than stallions, and the forest-bred foals are more resistant to W. equi than those that grew up in the stable.
The aim of investigations was to evaluate the invasion of mallophagan Werneckiella equi in primitive Polish horses during the alcove breeding period. In 6-20% of mares mallophagans were found during the entire period of investigations. In leading stallions the invasion intensity was insignificant and extensiveness amounted to 20%. Similarly, a low invasion of this parasite was initially ascertained in geldings and 1.5-year-old mares, subsequently the invasion increased. The height of mallophagan intensity occurred in April and its greatest extensiveness in May. In one-year-old mares from free breeding, parasites were discovered before their weaning from mothers, while of those that were caught in the forest and taken into stable in January, up to 50% were infected with mallophagans, in March and April respectively to a degree of 85% and 100%. Infection of one-year-old stallions from alcove breeding were considerably stronger than mares. In this group of horses mallophagans occurred as early as their stay with mothers. After their weaning, the intensity of the invasion increased, attaining its height in April. In 89% of stallions caught in the forest mallophagans were ascertained in January, after their moving into stables. Many factors influenced such a differential mallophagan infection of primitive Polish horses, among other things, age of animals, length of hair as well as sex and, additionally, in mares and stallions from free breeding, additional stress as a result of moving them into the stable.
Mallophagans invasion constitutes a serious problem in horses during the alcove breeding period. The aim of investigations was to assess the course, extensiveness and intensity of W. equi invasion in mares of primitive Polish horses according to breeding manner and age. Studies were carried out from October 2006 to May 2007 on 17 mares. Eleven mares from this group were kept in a stable and during the day stayed in the paddock. The remaining horses spent all day and night constantly in the paddock and only during bad weather they could hide under a wooden umbrella roof. In 11.1-year-old stable-bred mares mallophagans appeared in January, in older mares (12.3-year-olds) from the group staying in the paddock they were observed in March and in the younger ones (9-year-olds) in April. The invasion of W. equi in all mares lasted until May. The extensiveness of mallophagan invasion in mares from the stable breeding was the greatest in January, in the older ones from the paddock in April and in the younger in May. The intensity of W. equi invasion was respectively: 1-9, 1.5-11 and 1-3.5 mallophagan/100 mg of coat. The peak intensity of mallophagan invasion in the older mares staying permanently in the paddock occurred in March, whereas in the mares from the stable breeding and younger ones staying in the open in April.
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