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Investigations on protective abilities of Trichostrongylus colubriformis antigens precipitated by antibodies from rabbits vaccinated with infective larvae somatic extracts

100%

Wedrychowicz H., Romanik I., Szczygielska E., Bezubik B.

Acta Parasitologica

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1992

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tom 37

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nr 3

Adult New-Zealand rabbits were vaccinated subcutaneously with three doses of 100 µg of immunocomplexes formed by serum immunoglobulins of rabbits vaccinated with infective larvae somatic extracts (L3SE) and adult nematode phosphate buffered saline- soluble proteins (ASE, group II) or L3SE (group I). Injections of the immunogens were accompanied with beryllium hydroxide, Be(OH)₂ as an adjuvant. Vaccinated rabbits and also those of group III were infected orally with 10,000 infective larvae of T. colubriformis 14 days after antigen injection and necropsied in groups of four on day 4, 8 and 21 after challenge (DACh). Worm burdens found in vaccinated rabbits were significantly lower than in group III only on day 4 (groups I and II) and 8 (group II) after challenge. The degree of protection oscillated at that time between 47-59%. Mesenteric lymph node leukocyte responses were measured using a leukocyte migration inhibition assay. The most significant MLN leukocyte response occurred in all groups on 21 DACh. However, in group II a marked leukocyte reaction started already on 4 DACh. In ELISA tests IgA antibodies specific to ASE reached the highest level in the bile and serum of group II. The mucosal IgG response was the highest in group I until 8 DACh but in group II and III on 21 DACh.

2

First molecular characterization of Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection in rural patients from Chile

75%

Hidalgo A., Gacitua P., Melo A., Oberg C., Herrera C., Fonseca-Salamanca F.

Acta Parasitologica

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2020

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tom 65

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nr 3

3

Blastogenic responses of lymphocytes from sheep experimentally infected with Trichostrongylus colubriformis

75%

Cabaj W., Stankiewicz M., Pernthaner A., Jonas W. E.

Acta Parasitologica

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1995

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tom 40

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nr 1

Thirty 15-month-old ewes were randomly allocated to three groups of 10 sheep each. One group was given a single infection of 60,000 T. colubriformis 3rd stage larvae (L3). The second group 2 was infected orally with 20,000, 40,000 and 60,000 L3 T. colubriformis at 21 day intervals and 21 days after the third dose the sheep were treated with Oxfendazole. Seven days later Groups 1 and 2 sheep were challenged with 60,000 L3 T. colubriformis. The third group was left as uninfected controls. All sheep were bled at weekly intervals and the blastogenic responses to Con A, PHA, PWM and LPS of peripheral blood lymphocytes were evaluated using tritiated thymidine incorporation into DNA. When lymphocytes were cultured with Con A, PHA, PWM or LPS, a progressive decrease of blastogenic activity was observed up to 35 days after a single infection of sheep. In multiple infected sheep, the blastogenic responses to the mitogens were generally depressed from the second infection or shortly thereafter with a return to control levels observed only with LPS. Non-mitogen stimulated lymphocytes from single and multiple infected sheep showed significantly increased blastogenic activity on 35 day after each infection. The data indicate that this type of infection with T. colubriformis may have led to activation of peripheral lymphocytes, coinciding with diminished T-cell responsiveness to the mitogens.

4

Influence of sheep eosinophils on third stage larvae of Trichostrongylus colubriformis

75%

Jonas W., Stankiewicz M., Rabel B.

Acta Parasitologica

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1995

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tom 40

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nr 2

Eosinophils were elicited from non-lactating mammary glands of non-pregnant ewes by infusion of Trichostrongylus colubriformis infective third stage larvae or Ascaris suum embryonated eggs with polymyxin В sulphate. The cell preparations obtained were mixed with T. colubriformis exsheathed third stage larvae with or without sheep serum and incubated. Larval migration or paralysis was influenced by those cell preparation that contained > 19% eosinophils. This inhibitory activity was demonstrated to be associated with eosinophils by using cell preparations that were predominantly eosinophils or Percoll density gradient fractions that consisted totally or largely of eosinophils. Serum from sheep infected with T. colubriformis significantly augmented the effect of the cells. Soluble extracts from eosinophils and their granules also inhibited the activity of the larvae. The activity of the granule extract was associated with the void volume fraction of this extract from a Sephadex G-50 column.

5

Effect of resistance status to nematodes on the density of sheep blood eosinophils

75%

Jonas W., Stankiewicz M., Chambers S.

Acta Parasitologica

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1995

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tom 40

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nr 2

Blood was collected from grazing lambs from lines of Romney sheep selected on the basis of low (resistant line) or high (susceptible line) faecal nematode egg count. Leucocytes were prepared by osmotic lysis of erythrocytes and then subjected to centrifugation on discontinuous Percoll density gradients. Lambs from the resistant line had significantly more hypodense eosinophils than did lambs in the susceptible line.

6

The isolation, partial purification and some characteristics of proteasomes from Trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae

63%

Hadas E., Stankiewicz M.

Acta Parasitologica

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1997

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tom 42

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nr 2

Proteasomes or multicatalytic proteinases have recently been discovered in mammalian cells. These enzymes are major non-lysosomal proteinases of eukaryotic cells that can account up to 1% of the soluble cellular protein. Our previous studies indicated that multicatalytic proteinases are present in parasitic nematodes of sheep. In this study we have demonstrated that the method described by Rivett et al. (1994) and used for mammalian cells, can give reasonably good preparations of proteasomes from Trichostrongylus colubriformis infective larvae. Further, the inactivation of proteasomes activity by antisera suggests that enzymatic activity of proteasomes is recognised by the immune system of sheep.

7

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The effect of anthelminthic treatment or immunisation of ewes during pregnancy on periparturient rise in ewes and liveweight gains of lambs

63%

Stankiewicz M., Hadas E.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

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1998

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tom 44

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nr 3

8

The effect of immunization of sheep with drug-abbreviated infections of Trichostrongylus colubriformis on in vitro lymphocyte blastogenic responses

63%

Cabaj W., Stankiewicz M., Jonas W. E., Pernthaner A., Lawrence S.

Acta Parasitologica

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1996

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tom 41

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nr 2

Sixty 15-month-old ewes were randomly allocated to six groups of 10 sheep each; the first four groups were infected three times with 20,000, 40,000 and 60,000 T. colubriformis 3rd stage larvae (L3) at 21 day intervals and infections in each group were terminated with Oxfendazole at different times. Group 1, 2 and 3 infections were terminated 15, 7 and 3 days respectively after each infection and 21 days after the third infection for only Group 4. Groups 1-5 were then challenged with 60,000 L3 T. colubriformis. Group 6 was left as uninfected control. All sheep were bled before and after the immunization procedure and then at weekly intervals after the challenge infection. The blastogenic responses of peripheral blood lymphocytes to Con A, PHA, PWM and LPS, as well as responsiveness to L3 and adult T. colubriformis antigens, were evaluated using tritiated thymidine incorporation into DNA. The greatest changes in blastogenic response were observed in Group 2 immunized by successive infections terminated 7 days after infection; the smallest in Groups 1 and 4 immunized by early L5 (immature 15 days) and L5 (mature 21 days) stages of T. colubriformis, respectively. Lymphocyte responsiveness to L3 and adult parasite ES antigens, assessed for all groups on the day challenge infection was given, were variable amongst groups.

9

Influence of gastrointestinal trichostrongylidosis on ram fertility

51%

Gaglio G., Poglayen G., Capelli G., Gruner L., Mara L., Giannetto S., Scala A.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2010

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tom 13

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nr 4

A study on the influence of gastrointestinal trichostrongyles on ram fertility was performed. Two groups of semen donor rams (Sarda breed) were utilized; one was experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Teladorsagia circumcincta and the other was used as a control group. In all animals, coprological, haematological and reproductive parameters were studied. The results suggest that the parasites had a limited effect with some changes in phosphorus, cholesterol and chlorine levels. In our experience the parasitic burden produced no significant change on ram fertility.

10

The isolation and identification of prostaglandins of Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Haemonchus contortus

51%

Hadas E., Rabel B., Stankiewicz M.

Acta Parasitologica

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1998

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tom 43

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nr 3

Prostaglandins (PGs) have been implicated as precursors of biological processes, many of which are functional in parasite-host interactions. The aim of the study was the isolation and examination of PGs in extracts from adults, larvae and excretory/secretory products (E/S) of Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Haemonchus contortus. Thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods established the presence of PGs in the extracts that were identified as PGA₂, PGB₂, PGD₂, POE₂, PGF₁α, PGF₂α, PGI₂ and non-identified forms of PGs, precursors or metabolites of PGs. The qualification/quantitative profiles for the PGs were very similar for adult, L3 and E/S products of T. colubriformis and H. contortus.

11

Field studies of immunisation of 3-4 months old lambs with drug-abbreviated infections

51%

Hadas E., Stankiewicz M.

Acta Parasitologica

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1998

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tom 43

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nr 1

We investigated the ability of young lambs to develop protective immunity to gastro-intestinal nematode following immunisation with drug-abbreviated infection. Thirty, 3-4 month old lambs were randomly allocated to five groups. Groups 1, 2 and 3 were immunised by three Oxfendazole-abbreviated artificial infections of Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Ostertagia circumcincta. Group 1 received three high immunising larval doses. Groups 2 and 3 were immunised in the same way as Group 1 but with 50 and 75% of the larval dose, respectively. Group 4 was treated with Oxfendazole at the same time as Groups 1, 2 and 3, while Group 5 was an untreated control. All groups grazed the same pasture. At the end of experiment the lambs from Groups 1 and 4 had higher liveweight gains and a higher dag weights than Group 5. Mean total faecal worm egg count was reduced in animals from Groups 1-4, compared controls. However, because of the limited efficacy of vaccination of 3-4 month old lambs by drug-abbreviated infections we suggest that immunisation of young lambs may not be practical unless accompanied by appropriate immunostimulation of the gut mucosa.

12

Cytokine mRNA expression and IFN-gamma production in nematode resistant and susceptible line lambs artificially infected with gastro-intestinal nematodes

45%

Pernthaner A., Vlassoff A., Douch P. G. C., Maass D. R.

Acta Parasitologica

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1997

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tom 42

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nr 1

The mRNA expression of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4 and interferon (IFN)-γ and the production of IFN-γ was examined in mesenteric lymph node cells (MLNC) and CD4⁺ enriched cells populations from resistant and susceptible line lambs by use of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) and ELISA. MLNC obtained from lambs that were previously infected with a mixed gastro-intestinal nematode population were stimulated with Con A or Trichostrongylus colubriformis specific antigen. Four weeks after infection MLNC from both line lambs expressed high levels of mRNA coding for IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-γ. MLNC from resistant line lambs when stimulated with antigen for one day had higher mRNA expression of IL-2 and IFN-γ and after three days of culture had higher levels of IL-4 mRNA than MLNC from susceptible line lambs. Antigen stimulated MLNC of resistant line lambs had a higher IFN-γ production than those from susceptible line lambs. These results indicate that in resistant line lambs the secondary in vitro responses of cytokine mRNA and IFN-γ production to nematode specific antigen differs from those of susceptible line lambs.

Ograniczanie wyników

Investigations on protective abilities of Trichostrongylus colubriformis antigens precipitated by antibodies from rabbits vaccinated with infective larvae somatic extracts

First molecular characterization of Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection in rural patients from Chile

Blastogenic responses of lymphocytes from sheep experimentally infected with Trichostrongylus colubriformis

Influence of sheep eosinophils on third stage larvae of Trichostrongylus colubriformis

Effect of resistance status to nematodes on the density of sheep blood eosinophils

The isolation, partial purification and some characteristics of proteasomes from Trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae

The effect of anthelminthic treatment or immunisation of ewes during pregnancy on periparturient rise in ewes and liveweight gains of lambs

The effect of immunization of sheep with drug-abbreviated infections of Trichostrongylus colubriformis on in vitro lymphocyte blastogenic responses

Influence of gastrointestinal trichostrongylidosis on ram fertility

The isolation and identification of prostaglandins of Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Haemonchus contortus

Field studies of immunisation of 3-4 months old lambs with drug-abbreviated infections

Cytokine mRNA expression and IFN-gamma production in nematode resistant and susceptible line lambs artificially infected with gastro-intestinal nematodes